wallet_multiwallet.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# Copyright (c) 2017-2021 The Bitcoin Core developers
# Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
# file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
"""Test multiwallet.

Verify that a bitcoind node can load multiple wallet files
"""
from decimal import Decimal
from threading import Thread
import os
import shutil
import stat
import sys
import time

from test_framework.authproxy import JSONRPCException
from test_framework.blocktools import COINBASE_MATURITY
from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
from test_framework.test_node import ErrorMatch
from test_framework.util import (
    assert_equal,
    assert_raises_rpc_error,
    get_rpc_proxy,
)

got_loading_error = False


def test_load_unload(node, name):
    global got_loading_error
    while True:
        if got_loading_error:
            return
        try:
            node.loadwallet(name)
            node.unloadwallet(name)
        except JSONRPCException as e:
            if e.error['code'] == -4 and 'Wallet already loading' in e.error['message']:
                got_loading_error = True
                return


class MultiWalletTest(BitcoinTestFramework):
    def set_test_params(self):
        self.setup_clean_chain = True
        self.num_nodes = 2
        self.rpc_timeout = 120
        self.extra_args = [["-nowallet"], []]

    def skip_test_if_missing_module(self):
        self.skip_if_no_wallet()

    def add_options(self, parser):
        parser.add_argument(
            '--data_wallets_dir',
            default=os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), 'data/wallets/'),
            help='Test data with wallet directories (default: %(default)s)',
        )

    def run_test(self):
        node = self.nodes[0]

        data_dir = lambda *p: os.path.join(node.datadir, self.chain, *p)
        wallet_dir = lambda *p: data_dir('wallets', *p)
        wallet = lambda name: node.get_wallet_rpc(name)

        def wallet_file(name):
            if name == self.default_wallet_name:
                return wallet_dir(self.default_wallet_name, self.wallet_data_filename)
            if os.path.isdir(wallet_dir(name)):
                return wallet_dir(name, "wallet.dat")
            return wallet_dir(name)

        assert_equal(self.nodes[0].listwalletdir(), {'wallets': [{'name': self.default_wallet_name}]})

        # check wallet.dat is created
        self.stop_nodes()
        assert_equal(os.path.isfile(wallet_dir(self.default_wallet_name, self.wallet_data_filename)), True)

        # create symlink to verify wallet directory path can be referenced
        # through symlink
        os.mkdir(wallet_dir('w7'))
        os.symlink('w7', wallet_dir('w7_symlink'))

        os.symlink('..', wallet_dir('recursive_dir_symlink'))

        os.mkdir(wallet_dir('self_walletdat_symlink'))
        os.symlink('wallet.dat', wallet_dir('self_walletdat_symlink/wallet.dat'))

        # rename wallet.dat to make sure plain wallet file paths (as opposed to
        # directory paths) can be loaded
        # create another dummy wallet for use in testing backups later
        self.start_node(0)
        node.createwallet("empty")
        node.createwallet("plain")
        node.createwallet("created")
        self.stop_nodes()
        empty_wallet = os.path.join(self.options.tmpdir, 'empty.dat')
        os.rename(wallet_file("empty"), empty_wallet)
        shutil.rmtree(wallet_dir("empty"))
        empty_created_wallet = os.path.join(self.options.tmpdir, 'empty.created.dat')
        os.rename(wallet_dir("created", self.wallet_data_filename), empty_created_wallet)
        shutil.rmtree(wallet_dir("created"))
        os.rename(wallet_file("plain"), wallet_dir("w8"))
        shutil.rmtree(wallet_dir("plain"))

        # restart node with a mix of wallet names:
        #   w1, w2, w3 - to verify new wallets created when non-existing paths specified
        #   w          - to verify wallet name matching works when one wallet path is prefix of another
        #   sub/w5     - to verify relative wallet path is created correctly
        #   extern/w6  - to verify absolute wallet path is created correctly
        #   w7_symlink - to verify symlinked wallet path is initialized correctly
        #   w8         - to verify existing wallet file is loaded correctly. Not tested for SQLite wallets as this is a deprecated BDB behavior.
        #   ''         - to verify default wallet file is created correctly
        to_create = ['w1', 'w2', 'w3', 'w', 'sub/w5', 'w7_symlink']
        in_wallet_dir = [w.replace('/', os.path.sep) for w in to_create]  # Wallets in the wallet dir
        in_wallet_dir.append('w7')  # w7 is not loaded or created, but will be listed by listwalletdir because w7_symlink
        to_create.append(os.path.join(self.options.tmpdir, 'extern/w6'))  # External, not in the wallet dir, so we need to avoid adding it to in_wallet_dir
        to_load = [self.default_wallet_name]
        if not self.options.descriptors:
            to_load.append('w8')
        wallet_names = to_create + to_load  # Wallet names loaded in the wallet
        in_wallet_dir += to_load  # The loaded wallets are also in the wallet dir
        self.start_node(0)
        for wallet_name in to_create:
            self.nodes[0].createwallet(wallet_name)
        for wallet_name in to_load:
            self.nodes[0].loadwallet(wallet_name)

        os.mkdir(wallet_dir('no_access'))
        os.chmod(wallet_dir('no_access'), 0)
        try:
            with self.nodes[0].assert_debug_log(expected_msgs=['Error scanning']):
                walletlist = self.nodes[0].listwalletdir()['wallets']
        finally:
            # Need to ensure access is restored for cleanup
            os.chmod(wallet_dir('no_access'), stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IWUSR | stat.S_IXUSR)
        assert_equal(sorted(map(lambda w: w['name'], walletlist)), sorted(in_wallet_dir))

        assert_equal(set(node.listwallets()), set(wallet_names))

        # should raise rpc error if wallet path can't be created
        err_code = -4 if self.options.descriptors else -1
        assert_raises_rpc_error(err_code, "filesystem error:" if sys.platform != 'win32' else "create_directories:", self.nodes[0].createwallet, "w8/bad")

        # check that all requested wallets were created
        self.stop_node(0)
        for wallet_name in wallet_names:
            assert_equal(os.path.isfile(wallet_file(wallet_name)), True)

        self.nodes[0].assert_start_raises_init_error(['-walletdir=wallets'], 'Error: Specified -walletdir "wallets" does not exist')
        self.nodes[0].assert_start_raises_init_error(['-walletdir=wallets'], 'Error: Specified -walletdir "wallets" is a relative path', cwd=data_dir())
        self.nodes[0].assert_start_raises_init_error(['-walletdir=debug.log'], 'Error: Specified -walletdir "debug.log" is not a directory', cwd=data_dir())

        self.start_node(0, ['-wallet=w1', '-wallet=w1'])
        self.stop_node(0, 'Warning: Ignoring duplicate -wallet w1.')

        if not self.options.descriptors:
            # Only BDB doesn't open duplicate wallet files. SQLite does not have this limitation. While this may be desired in the future, it is not necessary
            # should not initialize if one wallet is a copy of another
            shutil.copyfile(wallet_dir('w8'), wallet_dir('w8_copy'))
            in_wallet_dir.append('w8_copy')
            exp_stderr = r"BerkeleyDatabase: Can't open database w8_copy \(duplicates fileid \w+ from w8\)"
            self.nodes[0].assert_start_raises_init_error(['-wallet=w8', '-wallet=w8_copy'], exp_stderr, match=ErrorMatch.PARTIAL_REGEX)

        # should not initialize if wallet file is a symlink
        os.symlink('w8', wallet_dir('w8_symlink'))
        self.nodes[0].assert_start_raises_init_error(['-wallet=w8_symlink'], r'Error: Invalid -wallet path \'w8_symlink\'\. .*', match=ErrorMatch.FULL_REGEX)

        # should not initialize if the specified walletdir does not exist
        self.nodes[0].assert_start_raises_init_error(['-walletdir=bad'], 'Error: Specified -walletdir "bad" does not exist')
        # should not initialize if the specified walletdir is not a directory
        not_a_dir = wallet_dir('notadir')
        open(not_a_dir, 'a', encoding="utf8").close()
        self.nodes[0].assert_start_raises_init_error(['-walletdir=' + not_a_dir], 'Error: Specified -walletdir "' + not_a_dir + '" is not a directory')

        self.log.info("Do not allow -upgradewallet with multiwallet")
        self.nodes[0].assert_start_raises_init_error(['-upgradewallet'], "Error: Error parsing command line arguments: Invalid parameter -upgradewallet")

        # if wallets/ doesn't exist, datadir should be the default wallet dir
        wallet_dir2 = data_dir('walletdir')
        os.rename(wallet_dir(), wallet_dir2)
        self.start_node(0)
        self.nodes[0].createwallet("w4")
        self.nodes[0].createwallet("w5")
        assert_equal(set(node.listwallets()), {"w4", "w5"})
        w5 = wallet("w5")
        self.generatetoaddress(node, nblocks=1, address=w5.getnewaddress(), sync_fun=self.no_op)

        # now if wallets/ exists again, but the rootdir is specified as the walletdir, w4 and w5 should still be loaded
        os.rename(wallet_dir2, wallet_dir())
        self.restart_node(0, ['-nowallet', '-walletdir=' + data_dir()])
        self.nodes[0].loadwallet("w4")
        self.nodes[0].loadwallet("w5")
        assert_equal(set(node.listwallets()), {"w4", "w5"})
        w5 = wallet("w5")
        w5_info = w5.getwalletinfo()
        assert_equal(w5_info['immature_balance'], {"bitcoin": 50})

        competing_wallet_dir = os.path.join(self.options.tmpdir, 'competing_walletdir')
        os.mkdir(competing_wallet_dir)
        self.restart_node(0, ['-nowallet', '-walletdir=' + competing_wallet_dir])
        self.nodes[0].createwallet(self.default_wallet_name)
        if self.options.descriptors:
            exp_stderr = f"Error: SQLiteDatabase: Unable to obtain an exclusive lock on the database, is it being used by another instance of {self.config['environment']['PACKAGE_NAME']}?"
        else:
            exp_stderr = r"Error: Error initializing wallet database environment \"\S+competing_walletdir\S*\"!"
        self.nodes[1].assert_start_raises_init_error(['-walletdir=' + competing_wallet_dir], exp_stderr, match=ErrorMatch.PARTIAL_REGEX)

        self.restart_node(0)
        for wallet_name in wallet_names:
            self.nodes[0].loadwallet(wallet_name)

        assert_equal(sorted(map(lambda w: w['name'], self.nodes[0].listwalletdir()['wallets'])), sorted(in_wallet_dir))

        wallets = [wallet(w) for w in wallet_names]
        wallet_bad = wallet("bad")

        # check wallet names and balances
        self.generatetoaddress(node, nblocks=1, address=wallets[0].getnewaddress(), sync_fun=self.no_op)
        for wallet_name, wallet in zip(wallet_names, wallets):
            info = wallet.getwalletinfo()
            assert_equal(info['immature_balance']['bitcoin'], 50 if wallet is wallets[0] else 0)
            assert_equal(info['walletname'], wallet_name)

        # accessing invalid wallet fails
        assert_raises_rpc_error(-18, "Requested wallet does not exist or is not loaded", wallet_bad.getwalletinfo)

        # accessing wallet RPC without using wallet endpoint fails
        assert_raises_rpc_error(-19, "Wallet file not specified", node.getwalletinfo)

        w1, w2, w3, w4, *_ = wallets
        self.generatetoaddress(node, nblocks=COINBASE_MATURITY + 1, address=w1.getnewaddress(), sync_fun=self.no_op)
        assert_equal(w1.getbalance()['bitcoin'], 100)
        assert_equal(w2.getbalance()['bitcoin'], 0)
        assert_equal(w3.getbalance()['bitcoin'], 0)
        assert_equal(w4.getbalance()['bitcoin'], 0)

        w1.sendtoaddress(w2.getnewaddress(), 1)
        w1.sendtoaddress(w3.getnewaddress(), 2)
        w1.sendtoaddress(w4.getnewaddress(), 3)
        self.generatetoaddress(node, nblocks=1, address=w1.getnewaddress(), sync_fun=self.no_op)
        assert_equal(w2.getbalance()['bitcoin'], 1)
        assert_equal(w3.getbalance()['bitcoin'], 2)
        assert_equal(w4.getbalance()['bitcoin'], 3)

        batch = w1.batch([w1.getblockchaininfo.get_request(), w1.getwalletinfo.get_request()])
        assert_equal(batch[0]["result"]["chain"], self.chain)
        assert_equal(batch[1]["result"]["walletname"], "w1")

        self.log.info('Check for per-wallet settxfee call')
        assert_equal(w1.getwalletinfo()['paytxfee'], 0)
        assert_equal(w2.getwalletinfo()['paytxfee'], 0)
        w2.settxfee(0.001)
        assert_equal(w1.getwalletinfo()['paytxfee'], 0)
        assert_equal(w2.getwalletinfo()['paytxfee'], Decimal('0.00100000'))

        self.log.info("Test dynamic wallet loading")

        self.restart_node(0, ['-nowallet'])
        assert_equal(node.listwallets(), [])
        assert_raises_rpc_error(-18, "No wallet is loaded. Load a wallet using loadwallet or create a new one with createwallet. (Note: A default wallet is no longer automatically created)", node.getwalletinfo)

        self.log.info("Load first wallet")
        loadwallet_name = node.loadwallet(wallet_names[0])
        assert_equal(loadwallet_name['name'], wallet_names[0])
        assert_equal(node.listwallets(), wallet_names[0:1])
        node.getwalletinfo()
        w1 = node.get_wallet_rpc(wallet_names[0])
        w1.getwalletinfo()

        self.log.info("Load second wallet")
        loadwallet_name = node.loadwallet(wallet_names[1])
        assert_equal(loadwallet_name['name'], wallet_names[1])
        assert_equal(node.listwallets(), wallet_names[0:2])
        assert_raises_rpc_error(-19, "Wallet file not specified", node.getwalletinfo)
        w2 = node.get_wallet_rpc(wallet_names[1])
        w2.getwalletinfo()

        self.log.info("Concurrent wallet loading")
        threads = []
        for _ in range(3):
            n = node.cli if self.options.usecli else get_rpc_proxy(node.url, 1, timeout=600, coveragedir=node.coverage_dir)
            t = Thread(target=test_load_unload, args=(n, wallet_names[2]))
            t.start()
            threads.append(t)
        for t in threads:
            t.join()
        global got_loading_error
        assert_equal(got_loading_error, True)

        self.log.info("Load remaining wallets")
        for wallet_name in wallet_names[2:]:
            loadwallet_name = self.nodes[0].loadwallet(wallet_name)
            assert_equal(loadwallet_name['name'], wallet_name)

        assert_equal(set(self.nodes[0].listwallets()), set(wallet_names))

        # Fail to load if wallet doesn't exist
        path = os.path.join(self.options.tmpdir, "node0", "elementsregtest", "wallets", "wallets")
        assert_raises_rpc_error(-18, "Wallet file verification failed. Failed to load database path '{}'. Path does not exist.".format(path), self.nodes[0].loadwallet, 'wallets')

        # Fail to load duplicate wallets
        path = os.path.join(self.options.tmpdir, "node0", "elementsregtest", "wallets", "w1", "wallet.dat")
        if self.options.descriptors:
            assert_raises_rpc_error(-4, f"Wallet file verification failed. SQLiteDatabase: Unable to obtain an exclusive lock on the database, is it being used by another instance of {self.config['environment']['PACKAGE_NAME']}?", self.nodes[0].loadwallet, wallet_names[0])
        else:
            assert_raises_rpc_error(-35, "Wallet file verification failed. Refusing to load database. Data file '{}' is already loaded.".format(path), self.nodes[0].loadwallet, wallet_names[0])

            # This tests the default wallet that BDB makes, so SQLite wallet doesn't need to test this
            # Fail to load duplicate wallets by different ways (directory and filepath)
            path = os.path.join(self.options.tmpdir, "node0", "elementsregtest", "wallets", "wallet.dat")
            assert_raises_rpc_error(-35, "Wallet file verification failed. Refusing to load database. Data file '{}' is already loaded.".format(path), self.nodes[0].loadwallet, 'wallet.dat')

            # Only BDB doesn't open duplicate wallet files. SQLite does not have this limitation. While this may be desired in the future, it is not necessary
            # Fail to load if one wallet is a copy of another
            assert_raises_rpc_error(-4, "BerkeleyDatabase: Can't open database w8_copy (duplicates fileid", self.nodes[0].loadwallet, 'w8_copy')

            # Fail to load if one wallet is a copy of another, test this twice to make sure that we don't re-introduce #14304
            assert_raises_rpc_error(-4, "BerkeleyDatabase: Can't open database w8_copy (duplicates fileid", self.nodes[0].loadwallet, 'w8_copy')

        # Fail to load if wallet file is a symlink
        assert_raises_rpc_error(-4, "Wallet file verification failed. Invalid -wallet path 'w8_symlink'", self.nodes[0].loadwallet, 'w8_symlink')

        # Fail to load if a directory is specified that doesn't contain a wallet
        os.mkdir(wallet_dir('empty_wallet_dir'))
        path = os.path.join(self.options.tmpdir, "node0", "elementsregtest", "wallets", "empty_wallet_dir")
        assert_raises_rpc_error(-18, "Wallet file verification failed. Failed to load database path '{}'. Data is not in recognized format.".format(path), self.nodes[0].loadwallet, 'empty_wallet_dir')

        self.log.info("Test dynamic wallet creation.")

        # Fail to create a wallet if it already exists.
        path = os.path.join(self.options.tmpdir, "node0", "elementsregtest", "wallets", "w2")
        assert_raises_rpc_error(-4, "Failed to create database path '{}'. Database already exists.".format(path), self.nodes[0].createwallet, 'w2')

        # Successfully create a wallet with a new name
        loadwallet_name = self.nodes[0].createwallet('w9')
        in_wallet_dir.append('w9')
        assert_equal(loadwallet_name['name'], 'w9')
        w9 = node.get_wallet_rpc('w9')
        assert_equal(w9.getwalletinfo()['walletname'], 'w9')

        assert 'w9' in self.nodes[0].listwallets()

        # Successfully create a wallet using a full path
        new_wallet_dir = os.path.join(self.options.tmpdir, 'new_walletdir')
        new_wallet_name = os.path.join(new_wallet_dir, 'w10')
        loadwallet_name = self.nodes[0].createwallet(new_wallet_name)
        assert_equal(loadwallet_name['name'], new_wallet_name)
        w10 = node.get_wallet_rpc(new_wallet_name)
        assert_equal(w10.getwalletinfo()['walletname'], new_wallet_name)

        assert new_wallet_name in self.nodes[0].listwallets()

        self.log.info("Test dynamic wallet unloading")

        # Test `unloadwallet` errors
        assert_raises_rpc_error(-1, "JSON value is not a string as expected", self.nodes[0].unloadwallet)
        assert_raises_rpc_error(-18, "Requested wallet does not exist or is not loaded", self.nodes[0].unloadwallet, "dummy")
        assert_raises_rpc_error(-18, "Requested wallet does not exist or is not loaded", node.get_wallet_rpc("dummy").unloadwallet)
        assert_raises_rpc_error(-8, "RPC endpoint wallet and wallet_name parameter specify different wallets", w1.unloadwallet, "w2"),

        # Successfully unload the specified wallet name
        self.nodes[0].unloadwallet("w1")
        assert 'w1' not in self.nodes[0].listwallets()

        # Unload w1 again, this time providing the wallet name twice
        self.nodes[0].loadwallet("w1")
        assert 'w1' in self.nodes[0].listwallets()
        w1.unloadwallet("w1")
        assert 'w1' not in self.nodes[0].listwallets()

        # Successfully unload the wallet referenced by the request endpoint
        # Also ensure unload works during walletpassphrase timeout
        w2.encryptwallet('test')
        w2.walletpassphrase('test', 1)
        w2.unloadwallet()
        time.sleep(1.1)
        assert 'w2' not in self.nodes[0].listwallets()

        # Successfully unload all wallets
        for wallet_name in self.nodes[0].listwallets():
            self.nodes[0].unloadwallet(wallet_name)
        assert_equal(self.nodes[0].listwallets(), [])
        assert_raises_rpc_error(-18, "No wallet is loaded. Load a wallet using loadwallet or create a new one with createwallet. (Note: A default wallet is no longer automatically created)", self.nodes[0].getwalletinfo)

        # Successfully load a previously unloaded wallet
        self.nodes[0].loadwallet('w1')
        assert_equal(self.nodes[0].listwallets(), ['w1'])
        assert_equal(w1.getwalletinfo()['walletname'], 'w1')

        assert_equal(sorted(map(lambda w: w['name'], self.nodes[0].listwalletdir()['wallets'])), sorted(in_wallet_dir))

        # Test backing up and restoring wallets
        self.log.info("Test wallet backup")
        self.restart_node(0, ['-nowallet'])
        for wallet_name in wallet_names:
            self.nodes[0].loadwallet(wallet_name)
        for wallet_name in wallet_names:
            rpc = self.nodes[0].get_wallet_rpc(wallet_name)
            addr = rpc.getnewaddress()
            backup = os.path.join(self.options.tmpdir, 'backup.dat')
            if os.path.exists(backup):
                os.unlink(backup)
            rpc.backupwallet(backup)
            self.nodes[0].unloadwallet(wallet_name)
            shutil.copyfile(empty_created_wallet if wallet_name == self.default_wallet_name else empty_wallet, wallet_file(wallet_name))
            self.nodes[0].loadwallet(wallet_name)
            assert_equal(rpc.getaddressinfo(addr)['ismine'], False)
            self.nodes[0].unloadwallet(wallet_name)
            shutil.copyfile(backup, wallet_file(wallet_name))
            self.nodes[0].loadwallet(wallet_name)
            assert_equal(rpc.getaddressinfo(addr)['ismine'], True)

        # Test .walletlock file is closed
        self.start_node(1)
        wallet = os.path.join(self.options.tmpdir, 'my_wallet')
        self.nodes[0].createwallet(wallet)
        if self.options.descriptors:
            assert_raises_rpc_error(-4, "Unable to obtain an exclusive lock", self.nodes[1].loadwallet, wallet)
        else:
            assert_raises_rpc_error(-4, "Error initializing wallet database environment", self.nodes[1].loadwallet, wallet)
        self.nodes[0].unloadwallet(wallet)
        self.nodes[1].loadwallet(wallet)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    MultiWalletTest().main()