Base.ndigits0z(0, b) must return 0 (fix #22837)

Ref #22838
(cherry picked from commit 33ffc86)

Author: rfourquet

base/intfuncs.jl

@@ -418,6 +418,7 @@ function ndigits0znb(n::Signed, b::Int)
 end
 
 function ndigits0z(n::Unsigned, b::Int)
+    n == 0  && return 0
     b < 0   && return ndigits0znb(signed(n), b)
     b == 2  && return sizeof(n)<<3 - leading_zeros(n)
     b == 8  && return (sizeof(n)<<3 - leading_zeros(n) + 2) ÷ 3

test/intfuncs.jl

@@ -164,3 +164,8 @@ end
 
 # issue #15911
 @inferred string(1)
+
+# issue #22837
+for b in [-100:-2; 2:100;]
+    @test Base.ndigits0z(0, b) == 0
+end