It is probably an avrdude problem. In any case, in ATTinyCore using the micronucleus uploader, I can upload the sketch, and I can also upgrade the bootloader.
The upload protocol looks as follows:
Avrdude version 8.1
Copyright see https://github.com/avrdudes/avrdude/blob/main/AUTHORS
System wide configuration file is /Users/nebel/Library/Arduino15/packages/TinyCore/tools/avrdude/8.1/etc/avrdude.conf
User configuration file /Users/nebel/.avrduderc does not exist
Using port : usb
Using programmer : micronucleus
Found device with Micronucleus V1.6, bus:device: 003:005
AVR part : ATtiny85
Programming modes : SPM, ISP, HVSP, debugWIRE
Programmer type : Micronucleus V2.0
Description : Micronucleus bootloader
Bootloader version: 1.6
Available flash size: 6012
Page size: 64
Bootloader start: 0x1780
Write sleep: 8ms
Erase sleep: 752ms
Signature1: 0x93
Signature2: 0x0B
AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions
Device signature = 1E 93 0B (ATtiny85)
Auto-erasing chip as flash memory needs programming (-U flash:w:...)
specify the -D option to disable this feature
Ignoring last error of erase command: Broken pipe
Connection dropped, trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Trying to reconnect ...
Warning: unable to reconnect USB device: Operation timed out
Error: chip erase failed
USB access errors detected; this could have many reasons; if it is
USB permission problems, avrdude is likely to work when run as root
but this is not good practice; instead you might want to
check out USB port permissions on your OS and set them correctly
Avrdude done. Thank you.
Failed uploading: uploading error: exit status 255
It is probably an avrdude problem. In any case, in ATTinyCore using the micronucleus uploader, I can upload the sketch, and I can also upgrade the bootloader.
The upload protocol looks as follows: