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scala-ufcs.html
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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/><title>Universal Function Call Syntax in Scala</title><style>
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</style></head><body><article id="1619979e-a437-809b-a76a-e464ed7948d7" class="page sans"><header><img class="page-cover-image" src="Universal%20Function%20Call%20Syntax%20in%20Scala%201619979ea437809ba76ae464ed7948d7/Scala_Banner.jpeg" style="object-position:center 50%"/><div class="page-header-icon page-header-icon-with-cover"><span class="icon">🌌</span></div><h1 class="page-title">Universal Function Call Syntax in Scala</h1><p class="page-description"></p></header><div class="page-body"><p id="f17779f3-148e-41d7-b7c7-a7b311d3101f" class="">It may come as a surprise to many, but Scala 2.12.7 actually supports a flexible form of Universal Function Call Syntax (sometimes also referred to as Uniform Calling Syntax or Uniform Function Call Syntax), henceforth referred to as UFCS. This feature can be seen in <a href="https://tour.dlang.org/tour/en/gems/uniform-function-call-syntax-ufcs">D</a>, <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.30.0/book/first-edition/ufcs.html">Rust</a> and Nim. As a quick example, this is how it looks in Nim:</p><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/prism.min.js" integrity="sha512-7Z9J3l1+EYfeaPKcGXu3MS/7T+w19WtKQY/n+xzmw4hZhJ9tyYmcUS+4QqAlzhicE5LAfMQSF3iFTK9bQdTxXg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"></script><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/themes/prism.min.css" integrity="sha512-tN7Ec6zAFaVSG3TpNAKtk4DOHNpSwKHxxrsiw4GHKESGPs5njn/0sMCUMl2svV4wo4BK/rCP7juYz+zx+l6oeQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"/><pre id="ea26c3ae-a4de-4600-a6c5-f1538d09ae83" class="code"><code class="language-Python">proc add(x: int, y: int): int =
x + y
add(1, 2)
# OR
1.add(2)</code></pre><p id="10a7c40d-fd30-4d7c-bdb2-8bd1a4ebf7df" class="">
</p><p id="50c6d5c2-05f4-439c-a562-ead52e658908" class="">As we can see, UFCS allows any function to be called using the syntax for method calls, by using the receiver as the first parameter, and the given arguments as the remaining parameters.</p><p id="303c6d2d-5f2f-4569-ab4d-baeb30068e7f" class="">
</p><p id="152ac649-31e9-484f-a7d2-1e4feb770f7f" class="">The Scala equivalent of this code is:</p><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/prism.min.js" integrity="sha512-7Z9J3l1+EYfeaPKcGXu3MS/7T+w19WtKQY/n+xzmw4hZhJ9tyYmcUS+4QqAlzhicE5LAfMQSF3iFTK9bQdTxXg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"></script><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/themes/prism.min.css" integrity="sha512-tN7Ec6zAFaVSG3TpNAKtk4DOHNpSwKHxxrsiw4GHKESGPs5njn/0sMCUMl2svV4wo4BK/rCP7juYz+zx+l6oeQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"/><pre id="9df66a4e-afff-43e6-9106-7dab1b2d9bb7" class="code"><code class="language-Scala">def add(x: Int, y: Int) = x + y
add(1, 2)
// OR
1.add(2)</code></pre><p id="5bbed924-95dd-40da-8323-5525c169e24f" class="">
</p><p id="abea053f-6ff7-443e-89a5-16f3f835b842" class="">Scala also supports Biversal Function Call Syntax, which adds an additional receiver:</p><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/prism.min.js" integrity="sha512-7Z9J3l1+EYfeaPKcGXu3MS/7T+w19WtKQY/n+xzmw4hZhJ9tyYmcUS+4QqAlzhicE5LAfMQSF3iFTK9bQdTxXg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"></script><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/themes/prism.min.css" integrity="sha512-tN7Ec6zAFaVSG3TpNAKtk4DOHNpSwKHxxrsiw4GHKESGPs5njn/0sMCUMl2svV4wo4BK/rCP7juYz+zx+l6oeQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"/><pre id="814d19a2-4116-47ff-af49-b011c2ace5d1" class="code"><code class="language-Scala">def add(x: Int, y: Int, z: Int) = x + y + z
add(1, 2, 3)
// OR
1.add(2)dda.3</code></pre><p id="7d935ed1-a508-4007-be7e-49380656734d" class="">The reversed function name is a little weird to get used to, but in some ways its similar to the <code>if ... fi</code> syntax of Bash. </p><p id="49a39052-c3db-42e3-981f-7a4279446848" class="">
</p><p id="78ce91dc-667a-4bfa-824c-e62dc593ce45" class="">Scala also supports Triversal Function Call Syntax,</p><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/prism.min.js" integrity="sha512-7Z9J3l1+EYfeaPKcGXu3MS/7T+w19WtKQY/n+xzmw4hZhJ9tyYmcUS+4QqAlzhicE5LAfMQSF3iFTK9bQdTxXg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"></script><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/themes/prism.min.css" integrity="sha512-tN7Ec6zAFaVSG3TpNAKtk4DOHNpSwKHxxrsiw4GHKESGPs5njn/0sMCUMl2svV4wo4BK/rCP7juYz+zx+l6oeQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"/><pre id="7bdea4d8-f9ef-4e61-8491-dedc4a4e6226" class="code"><code class="language-Scala">def add(w: Int, x: Int, y: Int, z: Int) = w + x + y + z
add(1, 2, 3, 4)
// OR
1.add(2)dda.3
⌣
d
d
a
.
4</code></pre><p id="f86cb8bc-7141-4c25-a212-86e153585bd0" class="">
</p><p id="f03e8613-98a6-4767-9262-a4751a7e0246" class="">Quadversal Function Call Syntax,</p><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/prism.min.js" integrity="sha512-7Z9J3l1+EYfeaPKcGXu3MS/7T+w19WtKQY/n+xzmw4hZhJ9tyYmcUS+4QqAlzhicE5LAfMQSF3iFTK9bQdTxXg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"></script><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/themes/prism.min.css" integrity="sha512-tN7Ec6zAFaVSG3TpNAKtk4DOHNpSwKHxxrsiw4GHKESGPs5njn/0sMCUMl2svV4wo4BK/rCP7juYz+zx+l6oeQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"/><pre id="5d7c35db-188f-469c-abe6-c81200046dd6" class="code"><code class="language-Scala">def add(a: Int, b: Int, c: Int, d: Int, e: Int) = a + b + c + d + e
add(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
// OR
1
.
a
d
d
⌢
2.add(5)daa.3
⌣
d
d
a
.
4</code></pre><p id="b66d3715-cdfc-4bd0-9cea-0e05c2fee2b8" class="">
</p><p id="7e5bc522-3d96-4e7a-a9e7-c0650305531d" class="">Octoversal Function Call Syntax,</p><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/prism.min.js" integrity="sha512-7Z9J3l1+EYfeaPKcGXu3MS/7T+w19WtKQY/n+xzmw4hZhJ9tyYmcUS+4QqAlzhicE5LAfMQSF3iFTK9bQdTxXg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"></script><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/themes/prism.min.css" integrity="sha512-tN7Ec6zAFaVSG3TpNAKtk4DOHNpSwKHxxrsiw4GHKESGPs5njn/0sMCUMl2svV4wo4BK/rCP7juYz+zx+l6oeQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"/><pre id="a4a16256-138a-47a7-af6c-d924895936ee" class="code"><code class="language-Scala">(7)dda.1.add(6)
⌣´ . `⌣
d d a d d
d d d d d
a a d a a
. .⌢. .
2.add(0)daa.3
. .⌣. .
a a d a a
d d d d d
d d a d d
⌢, . ,⌢
(8)dda.4.add(5)</code></pre><p id="4e7c7920-b07b-4918-8555-dd8c59440746" class="">
</p><p id="309f047b-edfc-4780-a259-10aaacdc39af" class="">and even Enneadecagonaversal Function Call Syntax</p><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/prism.min.js" integrity="sha512-7Z9J3l1+EYfeaPKcGXu3MS/7T+w19WtKQY/n+xzmw4hZhJ9tyYmcUS+4QqAlzhicE5LAfMQSF3iFTK9bQdTxXg==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"></script><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/prism/1.29.0/themes/prism.min.css" integrity="sha512-tN7Ec6zAFaVSG3TpNAKtk4DOHNpSwKHxxrsiw4GHKESGPs5njn/0sMCUMl2svV4wo4BK/rCP7juYz+zx+l6oeQ==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerPolicy="no-referrer"/><pre id="a9138ee4-acbe-43ce-84ba-0771caa88126" class="code"><code class="language-Scala">
(7)dda.1.add(6)
` . `⌣
d a d d
d d d d
a d a a
. , . .
2.add(0)daa.3 3
. ` .. `.
a d a a a a
d d d d d d
d a d d d d
, . , ⌢, ⌢
(7)dda.1.add(6) (0) (5)
⌣ . ⌣ `⌣ `
d a d d d d
d d d d d d
a d a a a a
. ⌢ ., ..
2.add(0)daa.3 4
. ⌣ . .
a d a a
d d d d
d a d d
⌢ . ⌢,
(8)dda.4.add(5)</code></pre><p id="bc411cd0-baf9-4a99-83cd-90759e42d145" class="">
</p><p id="ec604899-82b6-4391-af5f-5d44d46c7f8d" class="">Unfortunately, Scala does not support Icosikaitraversal Function Call Syntax and above, as Scala only supports functions that <a href="https://underscore.io/blog/posts/2016/10/11/twenty-two.html">take 22 parameters or less</a>. Fortunately, this is getting <a href="https://github.com/lampepfl/dotty/issues/964">addressed in Dotty</a>.</p><p id="9a0302dc-8918-4aca-9860-b65dadfd95e5" class="">
</p><p id="00a577c6-a904-4b1d-972a-786c4b37bb5e" class="">
</p></div></article><span class="sans" style="font-size:14px;padding-top:2em"></span></body></html>