ASAP parallelization as an example compiler pass

[jon-wurtz]

Implement, as an example, a compiler pass that groups non-parallel gates into parallel ones using an "as soon as possible" (ASAP) heuristic. This strategy uses an alternating heuristic where first as many 1 qubit gates as possible are done, then as many 2 qubit gates, then 1 qubit gates, and so forth. This is an important example as it shows that we can do much more in-depth analysis beyond find-and-replace, as well as give users the tools to write their own compiler passes.

[jon-wurtz]

https://github.com/QuEraComputing/qourier/blob/main/src/qourier_circuit/transformations/cirq_to_qourier.py as the qourier ASAP scheduler