diff --git a/packages/react-router/src/renderRouteNotFound.tsx b/packages/react-router/src/renderRouteNotFound.tsx
index 225a013beae..ab2fd4c4945 100644
--- a/packages/react-router/src/renderRouteNotFound.tsx
+++ b/packages/react-router/src/renderRouteNotFound.tsx
@@ -16,20 +16,25 @@ export function renderRouteNotFound(
   route: AnyRoute,
   data: any,
 ) {
-  if (!route.options.notFoundComponent) {
-    if (router.options.defaultNotFoundComponent) {
-      return <router.options.defaultNotFoundComponent {...data} />
-    }
+  let routeWithNotFound: AnyRoute | undefined = route
+  while (routeWithNotFound && !routeWithNotFound.options.notFoundComponent) {
+    routeWithNotFound = routeWithNotFound.parentRoute
+  }
+
+  if (routeWithNotFound?.options.notFoundComponent) {
+    return <routeWithNotFound.options.notFoundComponent {...data} />
+  }
 
-    if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development') {
-      warning(
-        route.options.notFoundComponent,
-        `A notFoundError was encountered on the route with ID "${route.id}", but a notFoundComponent option was not configured, nor was a router level defaultNotFoundComponent configured. Consider configuring at least one of these to avoid TanStack Router's overly generic defaultNotFoundComponent (<p>Not Found</p>)`,
-      )
-    }
+  if (router.options.defaultNotFoundComponent) {
+    return <router.options.defaultNotFoundComponent {...data} />
+  }
 
-    return <DefaultGlobalNotFound />
+  if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development') {
+    warning(
+      false,
+      `A notFoundError was encountered on the route with ID "${route.id}", but a notFoundComponent option was not configured, nor was a router level defaultNotFoundComponent configured. Consider configuring at least one of these to avoid TanStack Router's overly generic defaultNotFoundComponent (<p>Not Found</p>)`,
+    )
   }
 
-  return <route.options.notFoundComponent {...data} />
+  return <DefaultGlobalNotFound />
 }
diff --git a/packages/react-router/tests/not-found.test.tsx b/packages/react-router/tests/not-found.test.tsx
index ce8bdf1207f..a0267ede0a7 100644
--- a/packages/react-router/tests/not-found.test.tsx
+++ b/packages/react-router/tests/not-found.test.tsx
@@ -245,3 +245,75 @@ test('defaultNotFoundComponent and notFoundComponent receives data props via spr
   const errorMessageComponent = await screen.findByTestId('message')
   expect(errorMessageComponent).toHaveTextContent(customData.message)
 })
+
+test('pathless layout route notFoundComponent is used when child has none (issue #6351)', async () => {
+  const rootRoute = createRootRoute({
+    component: () => (
+      <div data-testid="root">
+        <Outlet />
+      </div>
+    ),
+  })
+
+  const authenticatedRoute = createRoute({
+    getParentRoute: () => rootRoute,
+    id: '_authenticated',
+    component: () => (
+      <div data-testid="authenticated-layout">
+        <Outlet />
+      </div>
+    ),
+    notFoundComponent: () => (
+      <div data-testid="authenticated-not-found">
+        Authenticated Not Found
+      </div>
+    ),
+  })
+
+  const agentsRoute = createRoute({
+    getParentRoute: () => authenticatedRoute,
+    path: 'agents',
+    component: () => (
+      <div data-testid="agents-layout">
+        <Outlet />
+      </div>
+    ),
+  })
+
+  const agentsIndexRoute = createRoute({
+    getParentRoute: () => agentsRoute,
+    path: '/',
+    component: () => <div data-testid="agents-index">Agents Index</div>,
+  })
+
+  const skillAgentRoute = createRoute({
+    getParentRoute: () => agentsRoute,
+    path: 'skill-agent',
+    component: () => <div data-testid="skill-agent">Skill Agent</div>,
+  })
+
+  const router = createRouter({
+    routeTree: rootRoute.addChildren([
+      authenticatedRoute.addChildren([
+        agentsRoute.addChildren([agentsIndexRoute, skillAgentRoute]),
+      ]),
+    ]),
+    history,
+    defaultNotFoundComponent: () => (
+      <div data-testid="default-not-found">Default Not Found</div>
+    ),
+  })
+
+  window.history.replaceState(null, '', '/agents/non-existent')
+
+  render(<RouterProvider router={router} />)
+  await router.load()
+
+  const notFound = await screen.findByTestId(
+    'authenticated-not-found',
+    {},
+    { timeout: 1000 },
+  )
+  expect(notFound).toBeInTheDocument()
+  expect(screen.queryByTestId('default-not-found')).not.toBeInTheDocument()
+})