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Setting up Snapper

  • change to root user
su -
# unmount and remove /.snapshots directory
umount /.snapshots
rm -r /.snapshots
snapper -c root create-config /  # create snapper config
btrfs subvol del /.snapshots  # remove extra snapshot subvolume
mkdir /.snapshots
mount -a  # mount /.snapshots, it should be in /etc/fstab already
chmod 750 /.snapshots
chmod a+rx /.snapshots
chown :$USER /.snapshots
  • modify snapper config
vim /etc/snapper/configs/root

  • ALLOW_USERS="aloks"

    replace aloks with username

    • TIMELINE_MIN_AGE="1800"
    • TIMELINE_LIMIT_HOURLY="5"
    • TIMELINE_LIMIT_DAILY="7"
    • TIMELINE_LIMIT_WEEKLY="0"
    • TIMELINE_LIMIT_MONTHLY="0"
    • TIMELINE_LIMIT_YEARLY="0"

  • enable and start services

    • systemctl enable --now snapper-timeline.timer
    • systemctl enable --now snapper-cleanup.timer
    • systemctl enable --now grub-btrfsd.service (if using grub)
      • snapshot will directly be added to grub bootloader list

  • snapper -c root list

    • 0 is current system

  • install

paru -S --needed snap-pac rsync
paru -S --needed snap-pac-grub  # if using grub
paru -S --needed snapper-gui  # optional
  • sudo mkdir /etc/pacman.d/hooks
  • sudo vim /etc/pacman.d/hooks/95-bootbackup.hook
[Trigger]
Operation = Upgrade
Operation = Install
Operation = Remove
Type = Path
Target = usr/lib/modules/*/vmlinuz

[Action]
Depends = rsync
Description = Backing up /boot...
When = PostTransaction
Exec = /usr/bin/rsync -a --delete /boot /.bootbackup
  • create first snapshot
snapper -c root create -c timeline -d "first snapshot"
  • snapper -c root list
    • 1 is the firstSnapshot
    • check snapshot entry in grub [read-only]

Restoring with Arch-Live-ISO

  • mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt
    • here nvme0n1p2 is the partition with btrfs subvolumes
    • check subvolumes ls /mnt
  • find the number of the snapshot you want to recover
    • grep -r '<date>' /mnt/@snapshots/*/info.xml
    • grep -r '<description>' /mnt/@snapshots/*/info.xml
  • mv /mnt/@ /mnt/@.broken OR rm -rf /mnt/@
    • removing can take 5-10 sec
  • btrfs subvol snapshot /mnt/@snapshots/NUM/snapshot /mnt/@
    • here NUM is snapshot number
  • reboot