diff --git a/coremltools/converters/mil/frontend/torch/ops.py b/coremltools/converters/mil/frontend/torch/ops.py
index c093c7d3c..d20a17503 100644
--- a/coremltools/converters/mil/frontend/torch/ops.py
+++ b/coremltools/converters/mil/frontend/torch/ops.py
@@ -2462,6 +2462,27 @@ def _translate_torch_args(pad: Var, mode: Var, value: Var) -> Tuple[Var]:
             mode = mode.val
         assert mode in ("circular", "constant", "reflect", "replicate")
 
+        # MIL `mb.pad` only supports `reflect` / `replicate` when at most the
+        # final two dimensions carry non-zero padding. Forwarding a larger
+        # number of non-constant-padded dims surfaces later as a Core ML
+        # Framework model-compile error inside `predict()`; raise the same
+        # message at conversion time instead. (Covers torch.export-decomposed
+        # ReflectionPad3d / ReplicationPad3d -> aten.pad with
+        # mode="reflect" / "replicate".)
+        if (
+            mode in ("reflect", "replicate")
+            and isinstance(pad, list)
+            and all(isinstance(p, (int, float)) for p in pad)
+        ):
+            padded_dims = sum(
+                1 for i in range(len(pad) // 2)
+                if pad[2 * i] != 0 or pad[2 * i + 1] != 0
+            )
+            if padded_dims > 2:
+                raise NotImplementedError(
+                    'Padding for more than two dimensions only supports "constant" mode'
+                )
+
         if value is None:
             value = 0.0
         elif isinstance(value, Var):
diff --git a/coremltools/converters/mil/frontend/torch/test/test_torch_ops.py b/coremltools/converters/mil/frontend/torch/test/test_torch_ops.py
index 4db09989a..3e056f22b 100644
--- a/coremltools/converters/mil/frontend/torch/test/test_torch_ops.py
+++ b/coremltools/converters/mil/frontend/torch/test/test_torch_ops.py
@@ -11183,6 +11183,37 @@ def test_pad_reflect_replicate(self, compute_unit, backend, frontend, rank: int,
             input_shape, model, backend=backend, compute_unit=compute_unit, frontend=frontend
         )
 
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+        "mode, torch_module",
+        [
+            ("reflect", torch.nn.ReflectionPad3d),
+            ("replicate", torch.nn.ReplicationPad3d),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_pad_reflect_replicate_3d_raises(self, mode, torch_module):
+        # Regression test for issues #2576 and #2571: Padding for more than two
+        # dimensions only supports "constant" mode. Previously a `reflect` /
+        # `replicate` pad on >2 dims surfaced as a Core ML Framework
+        # model-compile error inside `predict()`; now it must raise
+        # NotImplementedError at conversion time with the same message.
+        class Model(torch.nn.Module):
+            def __init__(self):
+                super().__init__()
+                self.pad = torch_module(padding=2)
+
+            def forward(self, x):
+                return self.pad(x)
+
+        model = Model().eval()
+        inputs = (torch.randn(1, 6, 6, 6, 6),)
+        exported = torch.export.export(model, inputs).run_decompositions({})
+
+        with pytest.raises(
+            NotImplementedError,
+            match='Padding for more than two dimensions only supports "constant" mode',
+        ):
+            ct.convert(exported)
+
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
         "compute_unit, backend, frontend, rank",
         itertools.product(compute_units, backends, frontends, range(1, 6)),