block/backup: fix fleecing scheme: use serialized writes

Fleecing scheme works as follows: we want a kind of temporary snapshot
of active drive A. We create temporary image B, with B->backing = A.
Then we start backup(sync=none) from A to B. From this point, B reads
as point-in-time snapshot of A (A continues to be active drive,
accepting guest IO).

This scheme needs some additional synchronization between reads from B
and backup COW operations, otherwise, the following situation is
theoretically possible:

(assume B is qcow2, client is NBD client, reading from B)

1. client starts reading and take qcow2 mutex in qcow2_co_preadv, and
   goes up to l2 table loading (assume cache miss)

2) guest write => backup COW => qcow2 write =>
   try to take qcow2 mutex => waiting

3. l2 table loaded, we see that cluster is UNALLOCATED, go to
   "case QCOW2_CLUSTER_UNALLOCATED" and unlock mutex before
   bdrv_co_preadv(bs->backing, ...)

4) aha, mutex unlocked, backup COW continues, and we finally finish
   guest write and change cluster in our active disk A

5. actually, do bdrv_co_preadv(bs->backing, ...) and read
   _new updated_ data.

To avoid this, let's make backup writes serializing, to not intersect
with reads from B.

Note: we expand range of handled cases from (sync=none and
B->backing = A) to just (A in backing chain of B), to finally allow
safe reading from B during backup for all cases when A in backing chain
of B, i.e. B formally looks like point-in-time snapshot of A.

Signed-off-by: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Fam Zheng <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <[email protected]>

Author: Vladimir Sementsov-Ogievskiy

block/backup.c

@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ typedef struct BackupBlockJob {
     HBitmap *copy_bitmap;
     bool use_copy_range;
     int64_t copy_range_size;
+
+    bool serialize_target_writes;
 } BackupBlockJob;
 
 static const BlockJobDriver backup_job_driver;
@@ -102,6 +104,8 @@ static int coroutine_fn backup_cow_with_bounce_buffer(BackupBlockJob *job,
     QEMUIOVector qiov;
     BlockBackend *blk = job->common.blk;
     int nbytes;
+    int read_flags = is_write_notifier ? BDRV_REQ_NO_SERIALISING : 0;
+    int write_flags = job->serialize_target_writes ? BDRV_REQ_SERIALISING : 0;
 
     hbitmap_reset(job->copy_bitmap, start / job->cluster_size, 1);
     nbytes = MIN(job->cluster_size, job->len - start);
@@ -112,8 +116,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn backup_cow_with_bounce_buffer(BackupBlockJob *job,
     iov.iov_len = nbytes;
     qemu_iovec_init_external(&qiov, &iov, 1);
 
-    ret = blk_co_preadv(blk, start, qiov.size, &qiov,
-                        is_write_notifier ? BDRV_REQ_NO_SERIALISING : 0);
+    ret = blk_co_preadv(blk, start, qiov.size, &qiov, read_flags);
     if (ret < 0) {
         trace_backup_do_cow_read_fail(job, start, ret);
         if (error_is_read) {
@@ -124,11 +127,11 @@ static int coroutine_fn backup_cow_with_bounce_buffer(BackupBlockJob *job,
 
     if (qemu_iovec_is_zero(&qiov)) {
         ret = blk_co_pwrite_zeroes(job->target, start,
-                                   qiov.size, BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP);
+                                   qiov.size, write_flags | BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP);
     } else {
         ret = blk_co_pwritev(job->target, start,
-                             qiov.size, &qiov,
-                             job->compress ? BDRV_REQ_WRITE_COMPRESSED : 0);
+                             qiov.size, &qiov, write_flags |
+                             (job->compress ? BDRV_REQ_WRITE_COMPRESSED : 0));
     }
     if (ret < 0) {
         trace_backup_do_cow_write_fail(job, start, ret);
@@ -156,14 +159,16 @@ static int coroutine_fn backup_cow_with_offload(BackupBlockJob *job,
     int nr_clusters;
     BlockBackend *blk = job->common.blk;
     int nbytes;
+    int read_flags = is_write_notifier ? BDRV_REQ_NO_SERIALISING : 0;
+    int write_flags = job->serialize_target_writes ? BDRV_REQ_SERIALISING : 0;
 
     assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(job->copy_range_size, job->cluster_size));
     nbytes = MIN(job->copy_range_size, end - start);
     nr_clusters = DIV_ROUND_UP(nbytes, job->cluster_size);
     hbitmap_reset(job->copy_bitmap, start / job->cluster_size,
                   nr_clusters);
     ret = blk_co_copy_range(blk, start, job->target, start, nbytes,
-                            is_write_notifier ? BDRV_REQ_NO_SERIALISING : 0, 0);
+                            read_flags, write_flags);
     if (ret < 0) {
         trace_backup_do_cow_copy_range_fail(job, start, ret);
         hbitmap_set(job->copy_bitmap, start / job->cluster_size,
@@ -701,6 +706,9 @@ BlockJob *backup_job_create(const char *job_id, BlockDriverState *bs,
                        sync_bitmap : NULL;
     job->compress = compress;
 
+    /* Detect image-fleecing (and similar) schemes */
+    job->serialize_target_writes = bdrv_chain_contains(target, bs);
+
     /* If there is no backing file on the target, we cannot rely on COW if our
      * backup cluster size is smaller than the target cluster size. Even for
      * targets with a backing file, try to avoid COW if possible. */