diff --git a/src/bunit/BunitContext.cs b/src/bunit/BunitContext.cs
index 31d7a28c1..948d44b15 100644
--- a/src/bunit/BunitContext.cs
+++ b/src/bunit/BunitContext.cs
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ public partial class BunitContext : IDisposable, IAsyncDisposable
 	private BunitRenderer? bunitRenderer;
 
 	/// <summary>
-	/// Gets or sets the default wait timeout used by "WaitFor" operations, i.e. <see cref="RenderedComponentWaitForHelperExtensions.WaitForAssertion{TComponent}(IRenderedComponent{TComponent}, Action, TimeSpan?)"/>.
+	/// Gets or sets the default wait timeout used by "WaitFor" operations, i.e. <see cref="RenderedComponentWaitForHelperExtensions.WaitForAssertion{TComponent}(IRenderedComponent{TComponent}, Action, TimeSpan?)"/>,
+	/// and JSInterop invocation handlers that have not been configured with results.
 	/// </summary>
 	/// <remarks>The default is 1 second.</remarks>
 	public static TimeSpan DefaultWaitTimeout { get; set; } = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1);
diff --git a/src/bunit/JSInterop/InvocationHandlers/JSRuntimeInvocationHandlerBase{TResult}.cs b/src/bunit/JSInterop/InvocationHandlers/JSRuntimeInvocationHandlerBase{TResult}.cs
index 5d423698e..5aa093eb2 100644
--- a/src/bunit/JSInterop/InvocationHandlers/JSRuntimeInvocationHandlerBase{TResult}.cs
+++ b/src/bunit/JSInterop/InvocationHandlers/JSRuntimeInvocationHandlerBase{TResult}.cs
@@ -3,10 +3,13 @@ namespace Bunit;
 /// <summary>
 /// Represents an invocation handler for <see cref="JSRuntimeInvocation"/> instances.
 /// </summary>
-public abstract class JSRuntimeInvocationHandlerBase<TResult>
+public abstract class JSRuntimeInvocationHandlerBase<TResult> : IDisposable
 {
 	private readonly InvocationMatcher invocationMatcher;
 	private TaskCompletionSource<TResult> completionSource;
+	private Timer? timeoutTimer;
+	private JSRuntimeInvocation? currentInvocation;
+	private bool disposed;
 
 	/// <summary>
 	/// Gets a value indicating whether this handler is set up to handle calls to <c>InvokeVoidAsync(string, object[])</c>.
@@ -40,6 +43,7 @@ protected JSRuntimeInvocationHandlerBase(InvocationMatcher matcher, bool isCatch
 	/// </summary>
 	protected void SetCanceledBase()
 	{
+		ClearTimeoutTimer();
 		if (completionSource.Task.IsCompleted)
 			completionSource = new TaskCompletionSource<TResult>(TaskCreationOptions.RunContinuationsAsynchronously);
 
@@ -53,6 +57,7 @@ protected void SetCanceledBase()
 	protected void SetExceptionBase<TException>(TException exception)
 		where TException : Exception
 	{
+		ClearTimeoutTimer();
 		if (completionSource.Task.IsCompleted)
 			completionSource = new TaskCompletionSource<TResult>(TaskCreationOptions.RunContinuationsAsynchronously);
 
@@ -65,6 +70,7 @@ protected void SetExceptionBase<TException>(TException exception)
 	/// <param name="result">The type of result to pass to the callers.</param>
 	protected void SetResultBase(TResult result)
 	{
+		ClearTimeoutTimer();
 		if (completionSource.Task.IsCompleted)
 			completionSource = new TaskCompletionSource<TResult>(TaskCreationOptions.RunContinuationsAsynchronously);
 
@@ -82,7 +88,19 @@ protected void SetResultBase(TResult result)
 	protected internal virtual Task<TResult> HandleAsync(JSRuntimeInvocation invocation)
 	{
 		Invocations.RegisterInvocation(invocation);
-		return completionSource.Task;
+
+		var task = completionSource.Task;
+		if (task is { IsCanceled: false, IsFaulted: false, IsCompletedSuccessfully: false })
+		{
+			if (BunitContext.DefaultWaitTimeout <= TimeSpan.Zero)
+			{
+				throw new JSRuntimeInvocationNotSetException(invocation);
+			}
+
+			StartTimeoutTimer(invocation);
+		}
+
+		return task;
 	}
 
 	/// <summary>
@@ -91,4 +109,47 @@ protected internal virtual Task<TResult> HandleAsync(JSRuntimeInvocation invocat
 	/// <param name="invocation">Invocation to check.</param>
 	/// <returns>True if the handler can handle the invocation, false otherwise.</returns>
 	internal bool CanHandle(JSRuntimeInvocation invocation) => invocationMatcher(invocation);
+
+	/// <inheritdoc/>
+	public void Dispose()
+	{
+		Dispose(disposing: true);
+		GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
+	}
+
+	/// <inheritdoc/>
+	protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
+	{
+		if (!disposed && disposing)
+		{
+			ClearTimeoutTimer();
+			disposed = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	private void StartTimeoutTimer(JSRuntimeInvocation invocation)
+	{
+		ClearTimeoutTimer();
+
+		currentInvocation = invocation;
+		timeoutTimer = new Timer(OnTimeoutElapsed, null, BunitContext.DefaultWaitTimeout, Timeout.InfiniteTimeSpan);
+	}
+
+	private void ClearTimeoutTimer()
+	{
+		timeoutTimer?.Dispose();
+		timeoutTimer = null;
+		currentInvocation = null;
+	}
+
+	private void OnTimeoutElapsed(object? state)
+	{
+		if (!completionSource.Task.IsCompleted && currentInvocation.HasValue)
+		{
+			var exception = new JSRuntimeInvocationNotSetException(currentInvocation.Value);
+			completionSource.TrySetException(exception);
+		}
+
+		ClearTimeoutTimer();
+	}
 }
diff --git a/src/bunit/JSInterop/JSRuntimeInvocationNotSetException.cs b/src/bunit/JSInterop/JSRuntimeInvocationNotSetException.cs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4eff577f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bunit/JSInterop/JSRuntimeInvocationNotSetException.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+using System.Text;
+
+namespace Bunit;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Exception used to indicate that an invocation was received by a JSRuntime invocation handler,
+/// but the handler was not configured with a result (via SetResult, SetVoidResult, SetCanceled, or SetException).
+/// This causes the invocation to hang indefinitely.
+/// </summary>
+public sealed class JSRuntimeInvocationNotSetException : Exception
+{
+	/// <summary>
+	/// Gets the invocation that was not handled with a result.
+	/// </summary>
+	public JSRuntimeInvocation Invocation { get; }
+
+	/// <summary>
+	/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JSRuntimeInvocationNotSetException"/> class
+	/// with the provided <see cref="Invocation"/> attached.
+	/// </summary>
+	/// <param name="invocation">The invocation that was not provided with a result.</param>
+	public JSRuntimeInvocationNotSetException(JSRuntimeInvocation invocation)
+		: base(CreateErrorMessage(invocation))
+	{
+		Invocation = invocation;
+	}
+
+	[SuppressMessage("Minor Code Smell", "S6618:\"string.Create\" should be used instead of \"FormattableString\"", Justification = "string.Create not supported in all TFs")]
+	private static string CreateErrorMessage(JSRuntimeInvocation invocation)
+	{
+		var sb = new StringBuilder();
+		sb.AppendLine("bUnit's JSInterop invocation handler was setup to handle the call:");
+		sb.AppendLine();
+
+		if (invocation.IsVoidResultInvocation)
+		{
+			sb.AppendLine(FormattableString.Invariant($"    {invocation.InvocationMethodName}({GetArguments(invocation)})"));
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			sb.AppendLine(FormattableString.Invariant($"    {invocation.InvocationMethodName}<{GetGenericInvocationArguments(invocation)}>({GetArguments(invocation)})"));
+		}
+
+		sb.AppendLine();
+		sb.AppendLine("However, the invocation handler was not configured to return a result,");
+		sb.AppendLine("causing the invocation to hang indefinitely.");
+		sb.AppendLine();
+		sb.AppendLine("To fix this, configure the handler to return a result using one of the following methods:");
+		sb.AppendLine();
+
+		if (invocation.IsVoidResultInvocation)
+		{
+			sb.AppendLine("    handler.SetVoidResult();");
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			sb.AppendLine(FormattableString.Invariant($"    handler.SetResult({GetExampleResult(invocation.ResultType)});"));
+		}
+
+		sb.AppendLine("    handler.SetCanceled();");
+		sb.AppendLine("    handler.SetException(new Exception(\"error message\"));");
+		return sb.ToString();
+	}
+
+	private static string GetArguments(JSRuntimeInvocation invocation)
+	{
+		if (!invocation.Arguments.Any())
+			return $"\"{invocation.Identifier}\"";
+
+		var argStrings = invocation.Arguments.Select(FormatArgument).Prepend($"\"{invocation.Identifier}\"");
+		return string.Join(", ", argStrings);
+	}
+
+	private static string GetGenericInvocationArguments(JSRuntimeInvocation invocation)
+	{
+		return GetReturnTypeName(invocation.ResultType);
+	}
+
+	private static string FormatArgument(object? arg)
+	{
+		return arg switch
+		{
+			null => "null",
+			string str => $"\"{str}\"",
+			char c => $"'{c}'",
+			bool b => b.ToString().ToUpperInvariant(),
+			_ => arg.ToString() ?? "null"
+		};
+	}
+
+	private static string GetReturnTypeName(Type resultType)
+		=> resultType switch
+		{
+			Type { FullName: "System.Boolean" } => "bool",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Byte" } => "byte",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Char" } => "char",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Double" } => "double",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Int16" } => "short",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Int32" } => "int",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Int64" } => "long",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Single" } => "float",
+			Type { FullName: "System.String" } => "string",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Decimal" } => "decimal",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Guid" } => "Guid",
+			Type { FullName: "System.DateTime" } => "DateTime",
+			Type { FullName: "System.DateTimeOffset" } => "DateTimeOffset",
+			Type { FullName: "System.TimeSpan" } => "TimeSpan",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Object" } => "object",
+			_ => resultType.Name
+		};
+
+	private static string GetExampleResult(Type resultType)
+		=> resultType switch
+		{
+			Type { FullName: "System.Boolean" } => "true",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Byte" } => "1",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Char" } => "'a'",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Double" } => "1.0",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Int16" } => "1",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Int32" } => "1",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Int64" } => "1L",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Single" } => "1.0f",
+			Type { FullName: "System.String" } => "\"result\"",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Decimal" } => "1.0m",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Guid" } => "Guid.NewGuid()",
+			Type { FullName: "System.DateTime" } => "DateTime.Now",
+			Type { FullName: "System.DateTimeOffset" } => "DateTimeOffset.Now",
+			Type { FullName: "System.TimeSpan" } => "TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1)",
+			Type { FullName: "System.Object" } => "new object()",
+			_ => $"new {resultType.Name}()"
+		};
+}
diff --git a/tests/bunit.tests/JSInterop/BunitJSInteropTest.cs b/tests/bunit.tests/JSInterop/BunitJSInteropTest.cs
index 0a3826363..f5140f855 100644
--- a/tests/bunit.tests/JSInterop/BunitJSInteropTest.cs
+++ b/tests/bunit.tests/JSInterop/BunitJSInteropTest.cs
@@ -686,4 +686,20 @@ public void Test308(string identifier, string arg0, string arg1, string arg2)
 				invocationMethodName: "InvokeUnmarshalled"));
 	}
 #endif
+
+	[Fact(DisplayName = "JSRuntime invocation times out when handler is not configured")]
+	public async Task Test309()
+	{
+		// Arrange
+		const string identifier = "testFunction";
+		BunitContext.DefaultWaitTimeout = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100);
+		
+		var sut = CreateSut(JSRuntimeMode.Strict);
+		sut.Setup<int>(identifier);
+		
+		var invocationTask = sut.JSRuntime.InvokeAsync<int>(identifier);
+		
+		var exception = await Should.ThrowAsync<JSRuntimeInvocationNotSetException>(invocationTask.AsTask());
+		exception.Invocation.Identifier.ShouldBe(identifier);
+	}
 }