SDL.carp

(system-include "math.h")

(relative-include "SDLHelper.h")

(posix-only
  (add-pkg "sdl2"))

;; Only define these if they're not already defined (allows the user to pre-define them before including SDL.carp)
;; Tip: Set them in your profile.carp which is located at ```C:/Users/USERNAME/AppData/Roaming/carp/profile.carp``` on Windows.
;; If you do, please use `defdynamic`, since `defdynamic-once` will not be
;; defined when your profile is loaded.
(defdynamic-once sdl-windows-header-path "C:\\REDACTED\vcpkg\installed\x86-windows\include\SDL2\\")
(defdynamic-once sdl-windows-library-path "C:\\REDACTED\vcpkg\installed\x86-windows\lib\\")

(windows-only
  ;; Note - you'll still need the SDL2.dll to be able to run the executable
  (add-cflag "-DSDL_MAIN_HANDLED")
  (add-cflag "-Wno-pragma-pack")
  (add-cflag (str "-I" sdl-windows-header-path))
  (add-lib (str "/link " sdl-windows-library-path "SDL2.lib " sdl-windows-library-path "manual-link\SDL2main.lib")))

;; Types
(register-type SDL_Keycode)
(register-type SDL_Rect [x Int, y Int, w Int, h Int])
(register-type SDL_Point [x Int, y Int])
(register-type SDL_EventType)
(register-type SDL_Texture)
(register-type SDL_Renderer)
(register-type SDL_BlendMode)
(register-type SDL_RendererFlip)
(register-type SDL_Window)
(register-type SDL_WindowEventID)
(register-type SDL_WindowEvent)
(register-type SDL_Event)
(register-type Uint8)
(register-type SDL_Color)

(defmodule SDL_Color
  (register r (Fn [&SDL_Color] Int))
  (register g (Fn [&SDL_Color] Int))
  (register b (Fn [&SDL_Color] Int))
  (register a (Fn [&SDL_Color] Int)))

(doc SDL "is a thin wrapper around the [SDL
framework](https://www.libsdl.org/).")
(defmodule SDL
  ;; Setup and teardown
  (register INIT_EVERYTHING Int)
  (register init                       (Fn [Int] ()) "SDL_Init")
  (register create-window-and-renderer (Fn [Int Int Int (Ptr (Ptr SDL_Window)) (Ptr (Ptr SDL_Renderer))] ()) "SDL_CreateWindowAndRenderer")
  (register set-window-title           (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Window) (Ptr CChar)] ()) "SDL_SetWindowTitle")
  (register set-window-size            (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Window) Int Int] ()) "SDL_SetWindowSize")
  (register delay                      (Fn [Int] ()) "SDL_Delay")
  (register destroy-window             (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Window)] ()) "SDL_DestroyWindow")
  (register quit                       (Fn [] ()) "SDL_Quit")

  (defmodule Hint
    (register set (Fn [(Ptr CChar) (Ptr CChar)] ()) "SDL_SetHint")
    (register render-vsync (Ptr CChar) "SDL_HINT_RENDER_VSYNC")
    (register video-mac-fullscreen-spaces (Ptr CChar) "SDL_HINT_VIDEO_MAC_FULLSCREEN_SPACES"))

  (defmodule Event
    (register init (Fn [] SDL_Event))
    (register type (Fn [(Ref SDL_Event)] SDL_EventType))
    (register keycode (Fn [(Ref SDL_Event)] SDL_Keycode))
    ;This is intentionally left here to note that in the future we shouldn't need deftemplate for this.
    ;(register window (Fn [(Ref SDL_Event)] SDL_WindowEvent))
    (deftemplate window (Fn [(Ref SDL_Event)] SDL_WindowEvent)
      "SDL_WindowEvent $NAME(SDL_Event* event)"
      "$DECL {
         return event->window;
       }")
    (register poll (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Event)] Bool) "SDL_PollEvent")
    (register = (Fn [SDL_EventType SDL_EventType] Bool))
    (register copy (Fn [&SDL_Event] SDL_Event))

    ;; Event types
    (register quit              SDL_EventType "SDL_QUIT")
    (register key-down          SDL_EventType "SDL_KEYDOWN")
    (register key-up            SDL_EventType "SDL_KEYUP")
    (register mouse-motion      SDL_EventType "SDL_MOUSEMOTION")
    (register mouse-button-down SDL_EventType "SDL_MOUSEBUTTONDOWN")
    (register mouse-button-up   SDL_EventType "SDL_MOUSEBUTTONUP")
    (register mouse-wheel       SDL_EventType "SDL_MOUSEWHEEL")
    (register window-event      SDL_EventType "SDL_WINDOWEVENT")

    (defn all []
      (let-do [events []
               e (SDL.Event.init)]
        (while (poll (Pointer.address &e))
          (set! events (Array.push-back events e)))
        events))

    (implements = SDL.Event.=)
    (implements copy SDL.Event.copy)
    )

  ;; Rendering
  (register render-present (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Renderer)] ()) "SDL_RenderPresent")
  (register render-clear (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Renderer)] ()) "SDL_RenderClear")
  (register render-copy (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Renderer) (Ptr SDL_Texture) (Ptr SDL_Rect) (Ptr SDL_Rect)] ()) "SDL_RenderCopy") ;; src-rect & dest-rect
  (register render-copy-ex (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Renderer) (Ptr SDL_Texture) (Ptr SDL_Rect) (Ptr SDL_Rect) Double (Ptr SDL_Point) SDL_RendererFlip] ()) "SDL_RenderCopyEx") ;; src-rect, dest-rect, angle, center, flip
  (register set-render-draw-color (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Renderer) Int Int Int Int] ()) "SDL_SetRenderDrawColor") ;; rgba
  (register render-fill-rect (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Renderer) (Ptr SDL_Rect)] ()) "SDL_RenderFillRect")
  (register render-fill-rects (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Renderer) (Ptr SDL_Rect) Int] ()) "SDL_RenderFillRects") ;; rects, count
  (register render-draw-line (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Renderer) Int Int Int Int] ()) "SDL_RenderDrawLine") ;; x1 y1 x2 y2
  (register render-draw-lines (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Renderer) (Ptr SDL_Point) Int] ()) "SDL_RenderDrawLines")
  (register render-draw-point (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Renderer) Int Int] ()) "SDL_RenderDrawPoint")
  (register render-read-pixels (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Renderer) (Ptr SDL_Rect) Int (Ptr ()) Int] Int) "SDL_RenderReadPixels")
  (register destroy-texture (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Texture)] ()) "SDL_DestroyTexture")
  (register set-render-draw-blend-mode (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Renderer) SDL_BlendMode] ()) "SDL_SetRenderDrawBlendMode")
  (register create-rgb-surface (Fn [Int Int Int Int Int Int Int Int] (Ptr SDL_Surface)) "SDL_CreateRGBSurface")
  (register blit-surface (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Surface) (Ptr SDL_Rect) (Ptr SDL_Surface) (Ptr SDL_Rect)] ()) "SDL_BlitSurface") ;; src, srcrect, dst, dstrect
  (register query-texture (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Texture) (Ptr Int) (Ptr Int) (Ptr Int) (Ptr Int)] ()) "SDL_QueryTexture") ;; ? ? w h
  (register create-texture-from-surface (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Renderer) (Ptr SDL_Surface)] (Ptr SDL_Texture)) "SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface")
  (register free-surface (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Surface)] ()) "SDL_FreeSurface")
  (register surface-pixels (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Surface)] (Ptr ())) "SDL_SurfacePixels")
  (register surface-pitch (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Surface)] Int) "SDL_SurfacePitch")
  (register get-window-pixel-format (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Window)] Int) "SDL_GetWindowPixelFormat")
  (register save-bmp (Fn [(Ptr SDL_Surface) String] Int) "SDL_SaveBMP")

  ;; Blend modes
  (register blend-mode-none SDL_BlendMode "SDL_BLENDMODE_NONE")
  (register blend-mode-blend SDL_BlendMode "SDL_BLENDMODE_BLEND")
  (register blend-mode-add SDL_BlendMode "SDL_BLENDMODE_ADD")
  (register blend-mode-mod SDL_BlendMode "SDL_BLENDMODE_MOD")

  ;; SDL_RendererFlip
  (register flip-none SDL_RendererFlip "SDL_FLIP_NONE")
  (register flip-horizontal SDL_RendererFlip "SDL_FLIP_HORIZONTAL")
  (register flip-vertical SDL_RendererFlip "SDL_FLIP_VERTICAL")

  (defmodule Keycode
    (defn = [a b]
      (Int.= (enum-to-int (the SDL_Keycode a))
             (enum-to-int (the SDL_Keycode b))))
    (implements = SDL.Keycode.=)
    (register copy (Fn [(Ref SDL_Keycode)] SDL_Keycode))
    (implements copy SDL.Keycode.copy)
    (register str (Fn [SDL_Keycode] String))
    (implements str SDL.Keycode.str)
    (defn prn [x]
      (SDL.Keycode.str x))
    (implements prn SDL.Keycode.prn)

    (register return SDL_Keycode "SDLK_RETURN")
    (register space SDL_Keycode "SDLK_SPACE")
    (register escape SDL_Keycode "SDLK_ESCAPE")
    (register left SDL_Keycode "SDLK_LEFT")
    (register right SDL_Keycode "SDLK_RIGHT")
    (register up SDL_Keycode "SDLK_UP")
    (register down SDL_Keycode "SDLK_DOWN")

    (register num-1 SDL_Keycode "SDLK_1")
    (register num-2 SDL_Keycode "SDLK_2")
    (register num-3 SDL_Keycode "SDLK_3")
    (register num-4 SDL_Keycode "SDLK_4")
    (register num-5 SDL_Keycode "SDLK_5")
    (register num-6 SDL_Keycode "SDLK_6")
    (register num-7 SDL_Keycode "SDLK_7")
    (register num-8 SDL_Keycode "SDLK_8")
    (register num-9 SDL_Keycode "SDLK_9")
    (register num-0 SDL_Keycode "SDLK_0")

    (register a SDL_Keycode "SDLK_a")
    (register b SDL_Keycode "SDLK_b")
    (register c SDL_Keycode "SDLK_c")
    (register d SDL_Keycode "SDLK_d")
    (register e SDL_Keycode "SDLK_e")
    (register f SDL_Keycode "SDLK_f")
    (register g SDL_Keycode "SDLK_g")
    (register h SDL_Keycode "SDLK_h")
    (register i SDL_Keycode "SDLK_i")
    (register j SDL_Keycode "SDLK_j")
    (register k SDL_Keycode "SDLK_k")
    (register l SDL_Keycode "SDLK_l")
    (register m SDL_Keycode "SDLK_m")
    (register n SDL_Keycode "SDLK_n")
    (register o SDL_Keycode "SDLK_o")
    (register p SDL_Keycode "SDLK_p")
    (register q SDL_Keycode "SDLK_q")
    (register r SDL_Keycode "SDLK_r")
    (register s SDL_Keycode "SDLK_s")
    (register t SDL_Keycode "SDLK_t")
    (register u SDL_Keycode "SDLK_u")
    (register v SDL_Keycode "SDLK_v")
    (register w SDL_Keycode "SDLK_w")
    (register x SDL_Keycode "SDLK_x")
    (register y SDL_Keycode "SDLK_y")
    (register z SDL_Keycode "SDLK_z")

    (register period SDL_Keycode "SDLK_PERIOD")
    (register comma SDL_Keycode "SDLK_COMMA")
    (register plus SDL_Keycode "SDLK_PLUS")
    (register minus SDL_Keycode "SDLK_MINUS")
    (register less SDL_Keycode "SDLK_LESS")
    (register tab SDL_Keycode "SDLK_TAB")
    (register backspace SDL_Keycode "SDLK_BACKSPACE")

    )

  ;; Mouse
  (defmodule Mouse
    (register get-mouse-state (Fn [(Ptr Int) (Ptr Int)] Int) "SDL_GetMouseState")
    (register button (Fn [Int] Int) "SDL_BUTTON")
    (register button-left Int "SDL_BUTTON_LEFT")
    (register button-right Int "SDL_BUTTON_RIGHT"))

  (deftype MouseState [x Int
                       y Int
                       left Bool
                       right Bool])

  (defmodule MouseState
    (defn get []
      (let [x 0
            y 0
            state (SDL.Mouse.get-mouse-state (Pointer.address &x) (Pointer.address &y))
            l (/= 0 (Int.bit-and state (SDL.Mouse.button SDL.Mouse.button-left)))
            r (/= 0 (Int.bit-and state (SDL.Mouse.button SDL.Mouse.button-right)))]
        (SDL.MouseState.init x y l r))))

  ;; Window Event
  (defmodule WindowEvent
    (defmodule WindowEventID
      (register window-shown        SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_SHOWN")
      (register window-exposed      SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_EXPOSED")
      (register window-hidden       SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_HIDDEN")
      (register window-moved        SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_MOVED")
      (register window-resized      SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_RESIZED")
      (register window-size-changed SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_SIZE_CHANGED")
      (register window-minimized    SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_MINIMIZED")
      (register window-mximized     SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_MAXIMIZED")
      (register window-restored     SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_RESTORED")
      (register window-enter        SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_ENTER")
      (register window-leave        SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_LEAVE")
      (register window-focus-gained SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_FOCUS_GAINED")
      (register window-focus-lost   SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_FOCUS_LOST")
      (register window-close        SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_CLOSE")
      (register window-take-focus   SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_TAKE_FOCUS")
      (register window-hit-test     SDL_WindowEventID "SDL_WINDOWEVENT_HIT_TEST")

      (defn = [a b]
        (Int.= (enum-to-int (the SDL_WindowEventID a))
               (enum-to-int (the SDL_WindowEventID b))))
      (implements = SDL.WindowEvent.WindowEventID.=)
      (register copy (Fn [(Ref SDL_WindowEventID)] SDL_WindowEventID))
      (implements copy SDL.WindowEvent.WindowEventID.copy))
    ;This is intentionally left here to note that in the future we shouldn't need deftemplate for this.
    ;(register event (Fn [SDL_WindowEvent] SDL_WindowEventID))
    (deftemplate event (Fn [SDL_WindowEvent] SDL_WindowEventID)
      "SDL_WindowEventID $NAME(SDL_WindowEvent window_event)"
      "$DECL {
         return window_event.event;
       }")
    (register = (Fn [SDL_WindowEvent SDL_WindowEvent] Bool))
    (implements = SDL.WindowEvent.=))

  ;; Window manager flags
  (defmodule WindowFlags
   (register window-fullscreen          Int "SDL_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN")
   (register window-fullscreen-desktop  Int "SDL_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN_DESKTOP")
   (register window-opengl              Int "SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL")
   (register window-vulkan              Int "SDL_WINDOW_VULKAN")
   (register window-shown               Int "SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN")
   (register window-hidden              Int "SDL_WINDOW_HIDDEN")
   (register window-borderless          Int "SDL_WINDOW_BORDERLESS")
   (register window-resizable           Int "SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE")
   (register window-minimized           Int "SDL_WINDOW_MINIMIZED")
   (register window-maximized           Int "SDL_WINDOW_MAXIMIZED")
   (register window-input-grabbed       Int "SDL_WINDOW_INPUT_GRABBED")
   (register window-input-focus         Int "SDL_WINDOW_INPUT_FOCUS")
   (register window-mouse-focus         Int "SDL_WINDOW_MOUSE_FOCUS")
   (register window-foreign             Int "SDL_WINDOW_FOREIGN")
   (register window-allow-highdpi       Int "SDL_WINDOW_ALLOW_HIGHDPI")
   (register window-mouse-capture       Int "SDL_WINDOW_MOUSE_CAPTURE")
   (register window-always-on-top       Int "SDL_WINDOW_ALWAYS_ON_TOP")
   (register window-skip-taskbar        Int "SDL_WINDOW_SKIP_TASKBAR")
   (register window-utility             Int "SDL_WINDOW_UTILITY")
   (register window-tooltip             Int "SDL_WINDOW_TOOLTIP")
   (register window-popup-menu          Int "SDL_WINDOW_POPUP_MENU"))

  ;; Time
  (register get-ticks (Fn [] Int) "SDL_GetTicks")

  ;; Helpers (not part of SDL)
  (register rect (Fn [Int Int Int Int] SDL_Rect)) ;; x y w h
  (register point (Fn [Int Int] SDL_Point)) ;; x y
  (register rgb (Fn [Int Int Int] SDL_Color)) ;; x y
  (register rgba (Fn [Int Int Int] SDL_Color)) ;; x y

  (defn dimensions [texture]
    (let-do [w 0 h 0]
      (SDL.query-texture texture NULL NULL (Pointer.address &w) (Pointer.address &h)) ;; TODO: Can't qualify 'query-texture' ??!
      (SDL.rect 0 0 w h)))

  (defn draw-texture [rend texture point]
    (let [dims (SDL.dimensions texture)
          dest (SDL.rect @(SDL_Point.x point)
                         @(SDL_Point.y point)
                         @(SDL_Rect.w &dims)
                         @(SDL_Rect.h &dims))]
      (SDL.render-copy rend texture (Pointer.address &dims) (Pointer.address &dest))))

  (defn draw-texture-centered [rend texture point]
    (let [dims (SDL.dimensions texture)
          w @(SDL_Rect.w &dims)
          h @(SDL_Rect.h &dims)
          dest (SDL.rect (- @(SDL_Point.x point) (/ w 2))
                         (- @(SDL_Point.y point) (/ h 2))
                         w
                         h)]
      (SDL.render-copy rend texture (Pointer.address &dims) (Pointer.address &dest))))

  (defn-do bg [rend color]
    (with Int
          (set-render-draw-color rend
                                 (SDL_Color.r color)
                                 (SDL_Color.g color)
                                 (SDL_Color.b color)
                                 255))
    (render-clear rend))

  )

;; App helper
(deftype SDLApp
    [window (Ptr SDL_Window)
     renderer (Ptr SDL_Renderer)
     fps Int])

(defmodule SDLApp
  (doc create "creates an SDLApp instance that can then be used by `run-with-callbacks`.")
  (defn create [title width height]
    (let [win NULL
          ren NULL]
      (do (SDL.init SDL.INIT_EVERYTHING)
          (SDL.Hint.set SDL.Hint.render-vsync (cstr "1"))
          (SDL.create-window-and-renderer width height (bit-or SDL.WindowFlags.window-shown SDL.WindowFlags.window-resizable) (Pointer.address &win) (Pointer.address &ren))
          (SDL.set-window-title win (cstr title))
          (SDLApp.init win ren 60))))

  (hidden reduce-events)
  (defn reduce-events [app f state-to-reduce-over]
    (Array.reduce &(fn [s e] (~f app s e)) ;; Note, this will malloc an environment that captures the 'app' variable.
                  state-to-reduce-over
                  &(SDL.Event.all)))

  (doc run-with-callbacks "starts the SDLApp and uses three callbacks to handle events, update state and render graphics.")
  (defn run-with-callbacks [app event-fn update-fn draw-fn initial-state]
    (let-do [rend @(SDLApp.renderer app)
             state initial-state
             last-t (SDL.get-ticks)
             target-dt (/ 1000 @(SDLApp.fps app))]
      (while true
        (do
          (set! state (reduce-events app &event-fn state))
          (set! state (update-fn state))
          (let-do [dt (- (SDL.get-ticks) last-t)
                time-left (- target-dt dt)]
            ;;(println* "dt: " dt ", time left: " time-left)
            (when (pos? time-left)
              (SDL.delay time-left)))
          (set! last-t (SDL.get-ticks))
          (draw-fn app rend &state)
          (SDL.render-present rend)))))

  (doc stop "stops the app. This function return 'a' to enable it to be called from anywhere.")
  (defn stop [app]
    (do (SDL.destroy-window @(window app))
        (SDL.quit)
        (System.exit 0)))

  (doc default-draw "is a default rendering function that can be passed to `run-with-callbacks`.")
  (defn default-draw [app rend state-ref]
    (do (SDL.set-render-draw-color rend 0 0 0 255)
        (SDL.render-clear rend)))

  (doc quit-on-esc "is a default event handling function that can be passed to `run-with-callbacks`. Allows the application to quit if the player presses the escape key.")
  (defn quit-on-esc [app state event]
    (case (SDL.Event.type event)
      SDL.Event.quit (SDLApp.stop app)
      SDL.Event.key-down (let [key (SDL.Event.keycode event)]
                           (if (= key SDL.Keycode.escape)
                             (SDLApp.stop app)
                             state))
      state)))