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Changelog

v3.0 (2025-03-11) [html; print; ebook]

  • Renamed chapters to reflect the more established names:
    • Local Surrogate (LIME) -> LIME
    • Global Surrogate -> Surrogate Models
    • SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) -> SHAP
    • Pixel Attribution (Saliency Maps) -> Saliency Maps
  • Switched the order of global and local: Now local model-agnostic methods come before global methods.
  • Unified and improved the examples:
    • Train models just once
    • Measure and report performance (in Data chapter)
    • Study correlations and mutual information
    • Made examples in each chapter much more
  • Strongly shortened the text between first word and first method:
    • Scope of interpretability: Now part of Overview chapter.
    • removed preface by the author and moved relevant parts into about the book and introduction
    • moved chapters "Terminology" and "What is Machine Learning" into appendix
    • Moved short stories to the end of the book
  • Combined all the intro texts (e.g. global methods) into an overview chapter
  • New chapters:
    • Methods Overview
    • Goals of interpretability
    • Ceteris Paribus
    • LOFO
  • Updated lots of references (and move them from footnotes to proper bibtex references).
  • Made math more consistent
  • Improved the captions of the figures and referenced them from within the text.
  • Use Palmer Penguins for classification examples. This replaces the examples with the cancer dataset. There was an error in how how I coded the outcome, so all interpretations were reversed. Instead of reversing the labels, I decided to replace the data, since I on longer think it's a good fit for the book. The penguin data examples are more accessible, and less sensitive.
  • Deleted chapter "Other interpretable models": only contained naive bayes and knn, but raised more question than it answered.
  • Replaced contribute chapter with links to repo
  • Smaller errors fixed:
    • in chapter Learned Features -> Network Dissection -> Step 2: Retrieve network activations, quantile level was corrected to not depend on x, i.e.g T_k instead of T_k(x).

v2.0 (2022-03-04)

  • Added "Preface by the Author" chapter
  • Started section on neural network interpretation
  • Added chapter on feature visualization
  • Added SHAP chapter
  • Added Anchors chapter
  • Fixed error in logistic regression chapter: Logistic regression was predicting class "Healthy", but interpretation in the text was for class "Cancer". Now regression weights have the correct sign.
  • Renamed Feature Importance chapter to "Permutation Feature Importance"
  • Added chapter about functional decomposition
  • Rearranged interpretation methods by local, global and deep learning (before: model-agnostic, example-based, deep learning)
  • Math Errata:
    • Chapter 4.3 GLM, GAM and more: Logistic regression uses logit, not logistic function as link function.
    • Chapter Linear models: Formula for adjusted R-squared was corrected (twice)
      • Chapter Decision Rules: Newly introduced mix up between Healthy and Cancer in OneR chapter was fixed.
      • Chapter RuleFit: The importance of the linear term in the total importance formulate was indexed with an $l$ instead of $j$.
    • Chapter Influential Instances: removed $(1-\epsilon)$ from model parameter update.
  • Updated images

v1.1 (2019-03-23)

  • Fixes wrong index in Cooks Distance summation (i -> j)
  • fixed boxplot formula (1.5 instead of 1.58)
  • Change to colorblind-friendly color palettes (viridis)
  • Make sure plots work in black and white as well
  • Extends counterfactual chapter with MOC (by Susanne Dandl)

v1.0 (2019-02-21)

  • Extensive proofreading and polishing

v0.7 (2018-11-21)

  • Renamed Definitions chapter to Terminology
  • Added mathematical notation to Terminology (former Definitions) chapter
  • Added LASSO example
  • Restructured lm chapter and added pros/cons
  • Renamed "Criteria of Interpretability Methods" to "Taxonomy of Interpretability Methods"
  • Added advantages and disadvantages of logistic regression
  • Added list of references at the end of book
  • Added images to the short stories
  • Added drawback of shapley value: feature have to be independent
  • Added tree decomposition and feature importance to tree chapter
  • Improved explanation of individual prediction in lm
  • Added "What's Wrong With my Dog" example to Adversarial Examples
  • Added links to data files and pre-processing R scripts

v0.6 (2018-11-02)

  • Added chapter on accumulated local effects plots
  • Added some advantages and disadvantages to pdps
  • Added chapter on extending linear models
  • Fixed missing square in the Friedman H-statistic
  • Added discussion about training vs. test data in feature importance chapter
  • Improved the definitions, also added some graphics
  • Added an example with a categorical feature to PDP

v0.5 (2018-08-14)

  • Added chapter on influential instances
  • Added chapter on Decision Rules
  • Added chapter on adversarial machine examples
  • Added chapter on prototypes and criticisms
  • Added chapter on counterfactual explanations
  • Added section on LIME images (by Verena Haunschmid)
  • Added section on when we don't need interpretability
  • Renamed chapter: Human-style Explanations -> Human-friendly Explanations

v0.4 (2018-05-23)

  • Added chapter on global surrogate models
  • Added improved Shapley pictograms
  • Added acknowledgements chapter
  • Added feature interaction chapter
  • Improved example in partial dependence plot chapter
  • The weights in LIME text chapter where shown with the wrong words. This has been fixed.
  • Improved introduction text
  • Added chapter about the future of interpretability
  • Added Criteria for Interpretability Methods

v0.3 (2018-04-24)

  • Reworked the Feature Importance Chapter
  • Added third short story
  • Removed xkcd comic
  • Merged introduction and about the book chapters
  • Added pros & cons to pdp and ice chapters
  • Started using the iml package for plots in ice and pdp
  • Restructured the book files for Leanpub
  • Added a cover
  • Added some CSS for nicer formatting

v0.2 (2018-02-13)

  • Added chapter about Shapley value explanations
  • Added short story chapters
  • Added donation links in Preface
  • Reworked RuleFit with examples and theory.
  • Interpretability chapter extended
  • Add chapter on human-style explanations
  • Making it easier to collaborate: Travis checks if book can be rendered for pull requests

v0.1 (2017-12-03)

  • First release of the Interpretable Machine Learning book