[release/9.0-staging] [mono][sgen] Add option to disable tarjan gc bridge optimization (#121376)

Backport of #121243 to release/9.0-staging

/cc @BrzVlad

## Customer Impact

- [x] Customer reported
- [ ] Found internally

Applications on maui-android can randomly crash during GC. We've had a
few fixes for the tarjan bridge merged a few months ago, but there is
still one more issue. The problem is caused by a specific optimization
inside the tarjan gc bridge. The only workaround for a customer hitting
this failure is to configure an environment variable so that their app
uses a different gc bridge (which has worse performance). One customer
reported that using the older gc bridge makes the application unusable
due to degradation of performance. This PR allows users to opt out of a
smaller optimization and keep using the tarjan gc bridge, as a
workaround for .NET9.

## Regression

- [ ] Yes
- [x] No

## Testing

Tested on our own gc bridge tests, with scenario causing the issue.

## Risk

This PR has zero risk since it just adds support for disabling an
optimization. By default, there is no change in behavior. I plan to
backport to .NET10 the actual fix for this issue.

---------

Co-authored-by: Vlad Brezae <[email protected]>

Author: github-actions[bot]

src/mono/mono/metadata/sgen-bridge.c

@@ -687,6 +687,8 @@ sgen_bridge_handle_gc_param (const char *opt)
 
 	if (!strcmp (opt, "bridge-require-precise-merge")) {
 		bridge_processor_config.scc_precise_merge = TRUE;
+	} else if (!strcmp (opt, "disable-non-bridge-scc")) {
+		bridge_processor_config.disable_non_bridge_scc = TRUE;
 	} else {
 		return FALSE;
 	}

src/mono/mono/metadata/sgen-tarjan-bridge.c

@@ -976,9 +976,9 @@ dump_color_table (const char *why, gboolean do_index)
 	int i = 0, j;
 	printf ("colors%s:\n", why);
 
-	for (cur = root_color_bucket; cur; cur = cur->next, ++i) {
+	for (cur = root_color_bucket; cur; cur = cur->next) {
 		ColorData *cd;
-		for (cd = &cur->data [0]; cd < cur->next_data; ++cd) {
+		for (cd = &cur->data [0]; cd < cur->next_data; ++cd, ++i) {
 			if (do_index)
 				printf ("\t%d(%d):", i, cd->api_index);
 			else