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‎.github/workflows/build-debian.yml‎

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name: Build Debian QCOW2
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on:
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push:
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paths:
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- 'Debian.json' # 只有当 Debian.json 文件被修改时触发
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workflow_dispatch: # 手动触发
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jobs:
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build:
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runs-on: ubuntu-latest
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steps:
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# Step 1: 检出代码
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- name: Checkout repository
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uses: actions/checkout@v3
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# Step 2: 解析 Debian.json 文件
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- name: Parse Debian.json
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id: parse-debian-json
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run: |
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# 使用 jq 解析 JSON 文件
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NAME=$(jq -r '.name' Debian.json)
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VERSION=$(jq -r '.version' Debian.json)
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URL=$(jq -r '.url' Debian.json)
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# 设置环境变量
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echo "NAME=$NAME" >> $GITHUB_ENV
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echo "VERSION=$VERSION" >> $GITHUB_ENV
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echo "DOWNLOAD_URL=$URL" >> $GITHUB_ENV
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# Step 3: 下载 .tar.xz 文件
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- name: Download Debian tar.xz file
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run: |
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mkdir -p input
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wget -O input/source.tar.xz "${{ env.DOWNLOAD_URL }}"
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# Step 4: 安装依赖工具
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- name: Install dependencies
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run: |
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sudo apt-get update -qq
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sudo apt-get install -y qemu-utils e2fsprogs util-linux xz-utils rsync parted jq
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# Step 5: 转换为 qcow2 文件
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- name: Convert to qcow2
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run: |
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mkdir -p output
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TARGET_FILE="output/HiSH-image-${{ env.NAME }}-${{ env.VERSION }}.qcow2"
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sudo ./convert.debian.sh input/source.tar.xz "$TARGET_FILE"
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# Step 6: 上传生成的 qcow2 文件到 Release
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- name: Create Release and upload artifact
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uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v1
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with:
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tag_name: "HiSH-image-${{ env.NAME }}-${{ env.VERSION }}"
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name: "HiSH-image-${{ env.NAME }}-${{ env.VERSION }}"
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files: output/HiSH-image-${{ env.NAME }}-${{ env.VERSION }}.qcow2
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env:
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GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

‎Debian.json‎

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{
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"name": "Debian",
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"version": "13",
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"url": "https://cloud.debian.org/images/cloud/trixie/latest/debian-13-nocloud-arm64.tar.xz"
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}

‎README.md‎

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- 禁用内核更新（HiSH 自带内核）
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5. 压缩输出最终的 qcow2 镜像
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**Debian（.tar.xz 磁盘镜像）：**
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1. 下载官方 `.tar.xz` 格式的镜像
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2. 解压获取 `disk.raw`，挂载其中的根分区
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3. 创建 120G 的 qcow2 镜像并格式化为 ext4
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4. 将根文件系统内容复制到新镜像
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5. 对新镜像做 HiSH 所需的修改
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- 配置 `/etc/fstab` 添加共享目录挂载
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- 配置 `/etc/network/interfaces` 网络（DHCP）
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- 创建 `/init` → `/sbin/init` 的符号链接
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- 禁用内核更新（HiSH 自带内核）
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6. 压缩输出最终的 qcow2 镜像
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## 支持的发行版
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| 发行版 | 配置文件 | 说明 |
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|--------|----------|------|
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| Fedora | `Fedora.json` | Fedora 最小化安装（.raw.xz） |
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| Ubuntu | `Ubuntu.json` | Ubuntu WSL 根文件系统（.tar.gz） |
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| Debian | `Debian.json` | Debian QEMU 云磁盘镜像（.tar.xz） |
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## 使用方法
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> **Ubuntu 默认登录信息：** 用户 `root`，密码 `hish`
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>
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> **Fedora 首次启动时会运行初始设置向导**，需要根据提示创建用户和设置密码。
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> **Fedora / Debian 首次启动时会运行初始设置向导**，需要根据提示创建用户和设置密码。
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### 下载镜像
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# Ubuntu
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sudo ./convert.ubuntu.sh <source.tar.gz> <output.qcow2>
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# Debian
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sudo ./convert.debian.sh <source.tar.xz> <output.qcow2>
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```
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**依赖：** `qemu-utils`、`e2fsprogs`、`mount`、`util-linux`、`rsync`（Fedora 额外需要 `xz-utils`）
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**依赖：** `qemu-utils`、`e2fsprogs`、`mount`、`util-linux`、`rsync`（Fedora/Debian 额外需要 `xz-utils`，Debian 额外需要 `parted`）
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> **注意：** 脚本必须以 root 权限运行。
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‎convert.debian.sh‎

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#!/bin/bash
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# 检查参数数量
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if [ "$#" -ne 2 ]; then
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echo "Usage: $0 <source.tar.xz> <target.qcow2>"
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exit 1
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fi
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SOURCE=$1
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TARGET=$2
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RAW_FILE="disk.raw"
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QCOW2_FILE="temp.qcow2"
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MOUNT_DIR="mnt"
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SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR="mnt_source"
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NBD_DEVICE="/dev/nbd0"
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LOOP_DEVICE=""
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ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE=""
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# 检查是否以 root 用户运行
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if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Error: This script must be run as root."
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exit 1
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fi
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# 定义依赖包列表
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DEPENDENCIES=("qemu-utils" "e2fsprogs" "mount" "util-linux" "xz-utils" "rsync" "parted")
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# 安装所有依赖项
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echo "Installing required dependencies..."
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apt-get update -qq
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apt-get install -y "${DEPENDENCIES[@]}"
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Failed to install required dependencies. Exiting..."
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exit 1
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fi
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# 检查 source 文件是否存在
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if [ ! -f "$SOURCE" ]; then
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echo "Error: Source file $SOURCE does not exist."
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exit 1
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fi
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# 创建临时目录
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mkdir -p "$MOUNT_DIR"
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mkdir -p "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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# Step 1: 解压 .tar.xz 文件获取 disk.raw
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echo "Extracting disk.raw from tar.xz..."
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tar -xJf "$SOURCE" disk.raw
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Failed to extract disk.raw from tar.xz."
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rm -rf "$MOUNT_DIR" "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Step 2: 使用 losetup 挂载 disk.raw 为块设备
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echo "Attaching disk.raw to loop device..."
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LOOP_DEVICE=$(losetup -f)
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losetup "$LOOP_DEVICE" "$RAW_FILE"
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Failed to attach disk.raw to loop device."
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rm -f "$RAW_FILE"
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rm -rf "$MOUNT_DIR" "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Step 3: 扫描分区表并找到根分区
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echo "Scanning partition table..."
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partprobe "$LOOP_DEVICE" 2>/dev/null
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sleep 2
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# 使用 blkid 查找 ext4 分区（根分区）
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ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE=""
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for part_dev in "${LOOP_DEVICE}p"*; do
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if [ -e "$part_dev" ]; then
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FSTYPE=$(blkid -o value -s TYPE "$part_dev" 2>/dev/null)
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if [ "$FSTYPE" = "ext4" ]; then
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ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE="$part_dev"
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echo " Found root partition: $ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE (ext4)"
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break
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fi
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fi
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done
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# 如果没有找到分区设备，尝试用 fdisk 解析并使用 losetup 偏移挂载
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if [ -z "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE" ]; then
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echo " Partition devices not found, trying offset mount..."
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PART_INFO=$(fdisk -l "$LOOP_DEVICE" | grep "^${LOOP_DEVICE}p")
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PART_COUNT=$(echo "$PART_INFO" | wc -l)
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# 从最后一个分区开始查找 ext4
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for i in $(seq "$PART_COUNT" -1 1); do
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PART_START=$(echo "$PART_INFO" | awk -v nr="$i" 'NR==nr {print $2}')
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PART_SIZE=$(echo "$PART_INFO" | awk -v nr="$i" 'NR==nr {print $4}')
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if [ -n "$PART_START" ] && [ -n "$PART_SIZE" ]; then
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ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE=$(losetup -f)
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losetup -o $((PART_START * 512)) --sizelimit $((PART_SIZE * 512)) "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE" "$LOOP_DEVICE"
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FSTYPE=$(blkid -o value -s TYPE "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE" 2>/dev/null)
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if [ "$FSTYPE" = "ext4" ] || [ "$FSTYPE" = "ext2" ] || [ "$FSTYPE" = "ext3" ]; then
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echo " Found root partition at offset $((PART_START * 512)): $ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE ($FSTYPE)"
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break
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else
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losetup -d "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE"
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ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE=""
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fi
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fi
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done
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fi
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if [ -z "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE" ]; then
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echo "Failed to find root partition."
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losetup -d "$LOOP_DEVICE"
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rm -f "$RAW_FILE"
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rm -rf "$MOUNT_DIR" "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Step 4: 创建一个 120G 的 qcow2 文件
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echo "Creating a 120G qcow2 file..."
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qemu-img create -f qcow2 "$QCOW2_FILE" 120G
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Failed to create qcow2 file."
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losetup -d "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE" 2>/dev/null
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losetup -d "$LOOP_DEVICE"
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rm -f "$RAW_FILE"
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rm -rf "$MOUNT_DIR" "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Step 5: 使用 nbd 挂载 qcow2 文件
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echo "Attaching qcow2 file to NBD device..."
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modprobe nbd max_part=8
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qemu-nbd -c "$NBD_DEVICE" "$QCOW2_FILE"
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Failed to attach qcow2 file to NBD device."
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losetup -d "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE" 2>/dev/null
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losetup -d "$LOOP_DEVICE"
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rm -f "$RAW_FILE" "$QCOW2_FILE"
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rm -rf "$MOUNT_DIR" "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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exit 1
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fi
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# 等待设备就绪
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sleep 5
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# Step 6: 格式化 nbd 分区为 ext4
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echo "Formatting NBD partition with ext4..."
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mkfs.ext4 "$NBD_DEVICE"
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Failed to format NBD partition."
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qemu-nbd -d "$NBD_DEVICE"
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losetup -d "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE" 2>/dev/null
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losetup -d "$LOOP_DEVICE"
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rm -f "$RAW_FILE" "$QCOW2_FILE"
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rm -rf "$MOUNT_DIR" "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Step 7: 挂载 qcow2 分区
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echo "Mounting NBD partition..."
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mount "$NBD_DEVICE" "$MOUNT_DIR"
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Failed to mount NBD partition."
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qemu-nbd -d "$NBD_DEVICE"
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losetup -d "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE" 2>/dev/null
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losetup -d "$LOOP_DEVICE"
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rm -f "$RAW_FILE" "$QCOW2_FILE"
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rm -rf "$MOUNT_DIR" "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Step 8: 挂载根分区
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echo "Mounting root partition..."
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mount "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE" "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Failed to mount root partition."
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umount "$MOUNT_DIR"
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qemu-nbd -d "$NBD_DEVICE"
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losetup -d "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE" 2>/dev/null
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losetup -d "$LOOP_DEVICE"
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rm -f "$RAW_FILE" "$QCOW2_FILE"
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rm -rf "$MOUNT_DIR" "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Step 9: 复制根分区内容到目标分区
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echo "Copying data from root partition to mounted directory..."
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rsync -a --info=progress2 "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR/" "$MOUNT_DIR/"
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Failed to copy data from root partition."
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umount "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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umount "$MOUNT_DIR"
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qemu-nbd -d "$NBD_DEVICE"
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losetup -d "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE" 2>/dev/null
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losetup -d "$LOOP_DEVICE"
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rm -f "$RAW_FILE" "$QCOW2_FILE"
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rm -rf "$MOUNT_DIR" "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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exit 1
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fi
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umount "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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# Step 10: 配置 /etc/fstab 挂载
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echo "Configuring /etc/fstab..."
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mkdir -p "$MOUNT_DIR/mnt/share"
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cat > "$MOUNT_DIR/etc/fstab" << 'EOF'
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hostshare /mnt/share 9p trans=virtio,version=9p2000.L 0 0
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EOF
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echo " Configured /etc/fstab with share mount"
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# Step 11: 配置网络
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echo "Configuring network..."
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NETWORK_INTERFACES="$MOUNT_DIR/etc/network/interfaces"
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mkdir -p "$(dirname "$NETWORK_INTERFACES")"
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cat > "$NETWORK_INTERFACES" << 'EOF'
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auto lo
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iface lo inet loopback
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auto eth0
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iface eth0 inet dhcp
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EOF
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echo " Configured /etc/network/interfaces with DHCP for eth0"
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# Step 12: 创建 /sbin/init 到 /init 的相对路径软链接
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echo "Creating relative symbolic link sbin/init -> init..."
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cd "$MOUNT_DIR" || { echo "Failed to change directory to $MOUNT_DIR"; exit 1; }
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ln -srf "sbin/init" "init"
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Failed to create relative symbolic link sbin/init -> init."
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cd -
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umount "$MOUNT_DIR"
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qemu-nbd -d "$NBD_DEVICE"
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losetup -d "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE" 2>/dev/null
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losetup -d "$LOOP_DEVICE"
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rm -f "$RAW_FILE" "$QCOW2_FILE"
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rm -rf "$MOUNT_DIR" "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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exit 1
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fi
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cd -
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# Step 13: 禁用内核更新
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echo "Disabling kernel updates in APT configuration..."
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APT_CONF="$MOUNT_DIR/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/99no-kernel-update"
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mkdir -p "$(dirname "$APT_CONF")"
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cat > "$APT_CONF" << 'EOF'
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APT::Get::Upgrade-Allow-New "false";
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EOF
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# 使用 APT preferences 阻止内核包更新
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PREF_DIR="$MOUNT_DIR/etc/apt/preferences.d"
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mkdir -p "$PREF_DIR"
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cat > "$PREF_DIR/99no-kernel-update" << 'EOF'
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Package: linux-image-* linux-headers-* linux-modules-*
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Pin: release *
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Pin-Priority: -1
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EOF
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echo " Disabled kernel updates"
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# Step 14: 卸载分区并断开连接
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echo "Unmounting and detaching devices..."
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umount "$MOUNT_DIR"
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qemu-nbd -d "$NBD_DEVICE"
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losetup -d "$ROOT_PARTITION_DEVICE" 2>/dev/null
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losetup -d "$LOOP_DEVICE"
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Failed to detach devices."
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exit 1
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fi
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# Step 15: 使用 qemu-img convert 压缩 qcow2 文件为目标文件
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echo "Compressing qcow2 file using qemu-img convert..."
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qemu-img convert -O qcow2 -c "$QCOW2_FILE" "$TARGET"
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if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
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echo "Failed to compress qcow2 file."
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exit 1
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fi
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# 清理临时文件
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echo "Cleaning up temporary files..."
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rm -rf "$RAW_FILE" "$QCOW2_FILE" "$MOUNT_DIR" "$SOURCE_MOUNT_DIR"
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echo "Conversion completed successfully. Target file: $TARGET"

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