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gitian-building-create-vm-vmware-debian.md

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Table of contents

Setup Debian virtual machine on VMWare Player

Create a new VMWare Player VM

First we have to download latest Debian net install ISO.

Get the Debian 9.x/10.x net installers

Get the Debian 9.x net installer (a more recent minor version should also work, see also Debian Network installation). This DVD image can be validated using a SHA256 hashing tool, for example on Unixy OSes by entering the following in a terminal:

echo "c51d84019c3637ae9d12aa6658ea8c613860c776bd84c6a71eaaf765a0dd60fe  debian-9.6.0-amd64-netinst.iso" | sha256sum -c
# (must return OK)

Replace sha256sum with shasum on OSX.

In the VMWare Player GUI click "Create a New Virtual Machine" and choose the following parameters in the wizard:

  • Install operating system from ISO image

  • Type: Linux, Debian 9.x (64-bit)

  • Set machine name. We will use following name for this guide: gitianbuild

  • Maximum disk size: at least 40GB
  • We will store disk as single file in this guide, you can split it too
  • Click "Next"

Configure VM

To configure VM click on Customize Hardware

  • Memory Size: at least 3000MB, anything less and the build might not complete.

  • Increase the number of processors to the number of cores on your machine if you want builds to be faster.

  • Check settings once again and click Finish

Note: Marking checkbox `Automatically power on this virtual machine after creation will start the VM after clicking finish and closing next window:

Installing Debian

This section will explain how to install Debian on the newly created VM.

  • Choose the non-graphical installer. We do not need the graphical environment; it will only increase installation time and disk usage.

Note: Navigating in the Debian installer: To keep a setting at the default and proceed, just press Enter. To select a different button, press Tab.

  • Choose locale and keyboard settings (doesn't matter, you can just go with the defaults or select your own information)

  • The VM will detect network settings using DHCP, this should all proceed automatically
  • Configure the network:
    • Hostname debian.
    • Leave domain name empty.

  • You can leave the root password empty. Otherwise, enter it twice and remember it for later.

  • Name the new user gitianuser (the full name doesn't matter, you can leave it empty)
  • Set the account username as gitianuser

  • Choose a user password and enter it twice (remember it for later)

  • The installer will set up the clock using a time server; this process should be automatic
  • Set up the clock: choose a time zone (depends on the locale settings that you picked earlier; specifics don't matter)

  • Disk setup
    • Partitioning method: Guided - Use the entire disk

  • Select disk to partition: SCSI1 (0,0,0)

  • Partition Disks -> All files in one partition

  • Finish partitioning and write changes to disk -> Yes (Tab, Enter to select the Yes button)

  • The base system will be installed, this will take a minute or so
  • Choose a mirror (any will do)

  • Enter proxy information (unless you are on an intranet, leave this empty)

  • Wait a bit while 'Select and install software' runs
  • Participate in popularity contest -> No
  • Choose software to install. We need just the base system.
  • Make sure only 'SSH server' and 'Standard System Utilities' are checked
  • Uncheck 'Debian Desktop Environment' and 'Print Server'

  • Install the GRUB boot loader to the master boot record? -> Yes

  • Device for boot loader installation -> ata-VBOX_HARDDISK

  • Installation Complete -> Continue
  • After installation, the VM will reboot and you will have a working Debian VM. Congratulations!

Connecting to the VM

After the VM has booted you can connect to it using SSH, and files can be copied from and to the VM using a SFTP utility.

  1. Find out your IP address: Login to your VM and run ifconfig to find IP address of your vmware network adapter: 
    ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
     inet 172.16.123.143  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.16.123.255
     inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe7c:a908  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
     ether 00:0c:29:7c:a9:08  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
     RX packets 62147  bytes 79269431 (79.2 MB)
     RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
     TX packets 17692  bytes 25055408 (25.0 MB)
     TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
  2. On your machine edit or create ~/.ssh/config and add: 
    host gitian
    HostName 172.16.123.143
    Port 22
    PreferredAuthentications password
    User gitianuser
  3. Connect to gitian. On Windows you can use putty and WinSCP.

For example, to connect as gitianuser from a Linux command prompt use

  $ ssh gitian
  The authenticity of host '[gitian]:22 ([127.0.0.1]:22)' can't be established.
  RSA key fingerprint is ae:f5:c8:9f:17:c6:c7:1b:c2:1b:12:31:1d:bb:d0:c7.
  Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
  Warning: Permanently added '[gitian]:22' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
  gitianuser@gitian's password: (enter gitianuser password configured during install)

  The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
  the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
  individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

  Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
  permitted by applicable law.
  gitianuser@debian:~$

Use sudo to execute commands as root.

Optional - Easier login to the VM with public key

For easier login with public key you'll need to generate an SSH key, e.g. by following the instructions under "Generating a new SSH key".

After that, login to the VM and enter:

mkdir .ssh

On your machine edit or create ~/.ssh/config and add:

host gitian
    HostName 172.16.123.143
    Port 22
    PreferredAuthentications publickey
    IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
    User gitianuser

Open a new terminal tab and enter:

scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub gitian:.ssh/authorized_keys

Next time you need to login to the VM, just use: ssh gitian