task-service-services-layer.asciidoc

Task Service - Services Layer

In this chapter we are going to create service layer which exposes backend functionality.

Table of Contents

• 1. Implement the PersonService
  • 1.1. Implementation
  • 1.2. Testing with Postman
  • 1.3. Writing test cases
• 2. Implement and Test the TaskItemService and TaskListService
• 3. Enable validation (optional)
• 4. Additional Tips
  • 4.1. Creating JSON Strings from Java Classes
  • 4.2. Handling Java 8 Date/Time Serialization
• Next chapter: Task Service - Security

1. Implement the PersonService

Your first task is to implement a simple PersonService. This service will manage basic CRUD operations for a Person entity. After implementing the service, you will write test cases to verify the service’s functionality.

1.1. Implementation

• Create a package named com.capgemini.training.todo.task.service.

• Within this package, create a class named PersonService.

• Use annotations like @RestController, @RequestMapping, @GetMapping, @PostMapping, and @DeleteMapping to define your RESTful service.

• Map the service to the /person path, so it will be availablu under http://localhost:8080/person/

  @RestController
  @RequestMapping("person")
  @RequiredArgsConstructor
  public class PersonService {
  
      // Your code here
  
  }

• Implement CRUD operations to list, get, create and delete a Person using the use cases implemented in the business logic layer.

• Use annotations like @PathVariable to map the path variable to the method parameter.

• Use annotation @RequestBody to define the parameters representing the request parameters (e.g. for the POST method)

  final FindPersonUc findPersonUc;
  final ManagePersonUc managePersonUc;
  
  @GetMapping("/{id}")
  PersonEto findPerson(@PathVariable("id") @NotNull Long id) {
      return findPersonUc.findPerson(id)
              .orElseThrow(() -> new ResponseStatusException(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND,
                      "Person with id " + id + " does not exist."));
  }
  
      // TODO annotate
  List<PersonEto> findAllPersons() {
      // TODO Implement me!
      return null;
  }
  
  // TODO annotate
  PersonEto savePerson(PersonEto personEto) {
      // TODO Implement me!
      return null;
  }
  
  // TODO annotate
  void deletePerson(@NotNull Long id) {
      // TODO Implement me!
      return null;
  }

1.2. Testing with Postman

The service method implemented by findPerson can be accessed under following url using GET request:

http://localhost:8080/person/{id}

Test the implemented services using Postman (or your favourite testing tool)

The other methods can be tested in the similar way

1.3. Writing test cases

• Annotate the test class using @WebMvcTest. It will define a Spring MVC test that focuses only on Spring MVC components.

• Use MockMvc to simulate HTTP requests. Use the factory methods (like get, post, status) from MockMvcResultMatchers

• Use Mockito to mock the service dependencies from the logic layer.

• Use @MockBean to inject the mocked dependencies.

• Below is an example of how to test the findAllPersons method:

  @WebMvcTest(PersonService.class)
  public class PersonServiceTest {
  
      @Autowired
      private MockMvc mockMvc;
  
      @MockBean
      private FindPersonUc findPersonUc;
  
      @Test
      public void findPerson_ShouldReturnPerson() throws Exception {
          Long personId = 1L;
          PersonEto person =
                  PersonEto.builder().id(personId).version(1).email("[email protected]").build();
          given(findPersonUc.findPerson(personId)).willReturn(Optional.of(person));
  
          mockMvc.perform(get("/person/{id}", personId).contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                  .andExpect(status().isOk())
                  .andExpect(jsonPath("$.id").value(person.id()))
                  .andExpect(jsonPath("$.email").value(person.email()));
      }
  
      // Here other tests
  }

• Write test cases for each CRUD operation you have implemented in the PersonService

2. Implement and Test the TaskItemService and TaskListService

After you have successfully completed the PersonService, proceed to implement TaskItemService and TaskListService with their respective test cases using the use cases you have implemented in the logic layer.

Follow the same steps as in the previous service for both TaskItemService and TaskListService. Ensure you implement CRUD operations and write corresponding test cases for each method.

3. Enable validation (optional)

Usually the validation of the parameters should be performed on the service layer to prevent requests which are not valid.

In this task you can add input validation to your services. Utilize annotations like @Validated in your service class and @Valid and @NotNull in your service methods to enforce constraints on incoming data.

Please follow Bean validation using Hibernate Validator in Task Service - Business Logic Layer for more details.

4. Additional Tips

4.1. Creating JSON Strings from Java Classes

When writing your test cases, you might need to send JSON payloads. Use Jackson’s ObjectMapper to serialize Java objects into JSON strings:

ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
PersonEto newPerson = PersonEto.builder().id(null).version(0).email("[email protected]").build();
String newPersonJson = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(newPerson);

mockMvc.perform(
        post("/person/").contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).content(newPersonJson))
        .andExpect(...)
        ...
    )

4.2. Handling Java 8 Date/Time Serialization

If you encounter InvalidDefinitionException with Java 8 date/time types, like java.time.Instant, you can fix this by registering the JavaTimeModule with your ObjectMapper:

ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
objectMapper.registerModule(new JavaTimeModule());

This allows your ObjectMapper to correctly serialize and deserialize Java 8 date/time types.

Next chapter: Task Service - Security