install-common.ps1

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
#  Copyright (c) 2022, Thierry Lelegard
#  BSD-2-Clause license, see LICENSE.txt file
#
#  Common part for all install scripts.
#  Not a PowerShell module for easier integration of variables.
#
#  Must be included as follow by all scripts:
#  . "$PSScriptRoot\install-common.ps1"
#
#  Assume that the calling script defined standard installation parameters:
#
#  -Destination directory
#     Specify a local directory where the package will be downloaded.
#     By default, use the downloads folder for the current user.
#     Sometimes unused if there is no external package to download
#     (Windows buildin features for instance).
#
#  -ForceDownload
#     Force a download even if the package is already downloaded.
#     Sometimes unused if there is no external package to download.
#
#  -GitHubActions
#     When used in a GitHub Action workflow, make sure that the required
#     environment variables are propagated to subsequent jobs. Ignored when
#     the installation of the package does not need specific variables.
#
#  -NoInstall
#     Do not install the package. Download it only. By default, the package
#     is installed.
#
#  -NoPause
#     Do not wait for the user to press <enter> at end of execution.
#     By default, execute a "pause" instruction at the end of execution,
#     which is useful when the script was run from Windows Explorer.
#
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Current user environment.
$IsAdmin = ([Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal][Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator)
$CurrentUserName = [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent().Name
$AdminUserName = (Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_UserAccount -Filter "LocalAccount = TRUE and SID like 'S-1-5-%-500'").Name
$AdminGroupName = (Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_Group -Filter "LocalAccount = TRUE and SID like 'S-1-5-%-544'").Name

# Without this, Invoke-WebRequest is awfully slow.
$ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue'

# Force TLS 1.2 as default.
[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12

# User agent for downloads.
$UserAgent = "Wget"

# Retry when downloading packages.
$DownloadRetryCount = 3
$DownloadRetrySeconds = 5

# Create the directory for external products or use default.
if (-not $Destination) {
    $Destination = (New-Object -ComObject Shell.Application).NameSpace('shell:Downloads').Self.Path
}
[void](New-Item -Path $Destination -ItemType Directory -Force)

# A function to exit this script.
function Exit-Script([string]$Message = "")
{
    $Code = 0
    if ($Message -ne "") {
        Write-Host "ERROR: $Message"
        $Code = 1
    }
    if (-not $NoPause) {
        pause
    }
    exit $Code
}

# Recurse the current script in administrator mode.
function Recurse-Admin([string]$CmdArgs = "")
{
    Write-Output "Must be administrator to continue, trying to restart as administrator ..."
    $cmd = "& '" + $MyInvocation.PSCommandPath + "' " + $CmdArgs
    if ($NoPause) {
        $cmd += " -NoPause"
    }
    Start-Process -Wait -Verb runas -FilePath PowerShell.exe -ArgumentList @("-ExecutionPolicy", "RemoteSigned", "-Command", $cmd)
}

# Convert "something" into an integer. Depending on the version of PowerShell,
# the integer data in a Web response can be in a string or in an array of strings.
function To-Int($Data, $Default = $null)
{
    $Previous = $ErrorActionPreference
    $ErrorActionPreference = 'Continue'
    try {
        if ($Data -eq $null) {
            return $Default
        }
        if ($Data.GetType().IsPrimitive) {
            return [int]$Data
        }
        if ($Data.GetType().IsArray) {
            foreach ($elem in $Data) {
                $i = To-Int $elem $null
                if ($i -ne $null) {
                    return $i
                }
            }
            return $Default
        }
        if ($Data.GetType().UnderlyingSystemType.Name -like "Hashtable") {
            foreach ($elem in $Data.Values) {
                $i = To-Int $elem $null
                if ($i -ne $null) {
                    return $i
                }
            }
            return $Default
        }
        return [int]$Data.ToString()
    }
    catch {
        return $Default
    }
    finally {
        $ErrorActionPreference = $Previous
    }
}

# Install a Windows Capability.
function Install-Windows-Capability([string]$Name)
{
    $product = (Get-WindowsCapability -Online | Where-Object Name -like "${Name}*" | Select-Object -First 1)
    if ($product -eq $null) {
        Write-Output "$Name not found"
    }
    elseif ($product.State -like "Installed") {
        Write-Output "$($product.Name) already installed"
    }
    else {
        Write-Output "Installing $($product.Name) ..."
        [void](Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Name $product.Name)
    }
}

# Create a file when non-existent. Restrict its protection to a list of owners.
function Create-File-Set-Owner([string]$Path, [string[]]$Owners = @())
{
    # Create parent directory if non-existent.
    $dir = (Split-Path $Path -Parent)
    if (-not (Test-Path $dir -PathType Container)) {
        Write-Output "Creating directory $dir ..."
        [void](New-Item $dir -ItemType Directory -Force)
    }

    # Create file if non-existent.
    if (-not (Test-Path $Path -PathType Leaf)) {
        Write-Output "Creating file $Path ..."
        [void](New-Item $Path -ItemType File -Force)
    }

    # Reset ownership.
    Write-Output "Adjusting security of $Path ..."
    $acl = Get-Acl $Path
    $acl.SetAccessRuleProtection($true, $false)
    foreach ($user in $Owners) {
        $rule = New-Object system.security.accesscontrol.filesystemaccessrule($user, "FullControl", "Allow")
        $acl.SetAccessRule($rule)
    }
    $acl | Set-Acl
}

# Get the local file name part of a URL.
function Get-URL-Local([string]$Url)
{
    return (Split-Path -Leaf ([System.Uri]$Url).LocalPath)
}

# Get an HTML page. Return $null if not found.
function Get-HTML([string]$Url, [switch]$Fatal = $false)
{
    $status = 0
    $message = ""
    try {
        $response = Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -UserAgent $UserAgent -Uri $Url
        $status = [int][Math]::Floor($response.StatusCode / 100)
    }
    catch {
        $message = $_.Exception.Message
    }
    if ($status -ne 1 -and $status -ne 2) {
        # Error fetching download page.
        if ($message -eq "" -and (Test-Path variable:response)) {
            $message = "Status code $($response.StatusCode), $($response.StatusDescription)"
        }
        else {
            $message = "#### Error accessing ${Url}: $message"
        }
        if ($Fatal) {
            Exit-Script $message
        }
        Write-Output $message
        $reponse = $null
    }
    return $response
}

# Get an URL matching a pattern in a web page.
function Get-URL-In-HTML([string]$Url, [string]$Pattern, [string]$FallbackURL = "")
{
    $Fatal = -not $FallbackURL
    $response = Get-HTML $Url -Fatal:$Fatal
    if ($response -eq $null) {
        $ref = $null
    }
    else {
        $ref = $response.Links.href | Where-Object { $_ -like $Pattern } | Select-Object -First 1
    }
    if (-not -not $ref) {
        # Build the absolute URL's from base URL (the download page) and href links.
        return [string](New-Object -TypeName 'System.Uri' -ArgumentList ([System.Uri]$Url, $ref))
    }
    elseif ($Fatal) {
        Exit-Script "No package found in $Url"
    }
    else {
        return $FallbackURL
    }
}

# Get the JSON description of the 20 latest releases of a repo in GitHub.
# With -Latest, only check the release which is labelled "latest".
function Get-Releases-In-GitHub([string]$Repo, [switch]$Latest = $false)
{
    # If the environment variable GITHUB_TOKEN is not empty, use it to authenticate.
    if (-not $env:GITHUB_TOKEN) {
        $Headers = @{}
    }
    else {
        $Cred = [Convert]::ToBase64String([Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes(":$($env:GITHUB_TOKEN)"))
        $Headers = @{Authorization="Basic $Cred"}
    }

    $Request = if ($Latest) { "releases/latest" } else { "releases?per_page=20" }
    $Response = (Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -UserAgent $UserAgent -Headers $Headers -Uri "https://api.github.com/repos/$Repo/$Request")
    $Remain = (To-Int $Response.Headers['X-RateLimit-Remaining'] 99999)
    if ($Remain -lt 10) {
        Write-Output "Warning: GitHub API rate limit remaining is $Remain"
    }

    return (ConvertFrom-Json $Response.Content)
}

# Get an URL matching a pattern in a GitHub project release.
function Get-URL-In-GitHub([string]$Repo, $Patterns, [switch]$Latest = $false)
{
    $Url = (Get-Releases-In-GitHub $Repo -Latest:$Latest |
            ForEach-Object { $_.assets } |
            ForEach-Object { $_.browser_download_url } |
            Select-String $Patterns |
            Select-Object -First 1)

    if (-not $Url) {
        Exit-Script "No package matching '$Patterns' in GitHub repo $Repo"
    }
    else {
        return [string]$Url
    }
}

# Download a package.
function Download-Package([string]$Url, [string]$InstallerPath)
{
    if (-not $ForceDownload -and (Test-Path $InstallerPath)) {
        $InstallerName = (Split-Path -Leaf $InstallerPath)
        Write-Output "$InstallerName already downloaded, use -ForceDownload to download again"
    }
    else {
        # We do some retries since some sites are sometimes not responsive (seen on sourceforge).
        for ($i=1; $i -le $DownloadRetryCount; $i++) {
            Write-Output "Downloading $Url ..."
            # If the environment had set "stop on error", suspend and restore it after download.
            $Previous = $ErrorActionPreference
            $ErrorActionPreference = 'Continue'
            Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -UserAgent $UserAgent -Uri $Url -OutFile $InstallerPath
            $ErrorActionPreference = $Previous
            if ((Test-Path $InstallerPath) -or ($i -ge $DownloadRetryCount)) {
                break
            }
            Write-Output "Downloaded failed, will retry in $DownloadRetrySeconds seconds"
            Start-Sleep -Seconds $DownloadRetrySeconds
        }
        if (-not (Test-Path $InstallerPath)) {
            Exit-Script "$Url download failed"
        }
    }
}

# Standard installation procedure for an executable installer, to be searched in a Web page.
function Install-Standard-Exe([string]$ReleasePage, [string]$Pattern, [string]$FallbackURL = "", [string[]]$InstallerParams = @())
{
    $Url = Get-URL-In-HTML $ReleasePage $Pattern $FallbackURL
    $InstallerName = Get-URL-Local $Url
    $InstallerPath = "$Destination\$InstallerName"
    Download-Package $Url $InstallerPath
    if (-not $NoInstall) {
        Write-Output "Installing $InstallerName"
        Start-Process -Wait -FilePath $InstallerPath -ArgumentList $InstallerParams
    }
}

# Standard installation procedure for an executable installer from GitHub release assets.
# With -Latest, only check the release which is labelled "latest".
function Install-GitHub-Exe([string]$Repo, [string]$Pattern, [string[]]$InstallerParams = @(), [switch]$Latest = $false)
{
    $Url = Get-URL-In-GitHub $Repo $Pattern -Latest:$Latest
    $InstallerName = Get-URL-Local $Url
    $InstallerPath = "$Destination\$InstallerName"
    Download-Package $Url $InstallerPath
    if (-not $NoInstall) {
        Write-Output "Installing $InstallerName"
        Start-Process -Wait -FilePath $InstallerPath -ArgumentList $InstallerParams
    }
}

# Installation procedure for an MSI installer, from it URL.
function Install-Msi([string]$Url)
{
    $InstallerName = Get-URL-Local $Url
    $InstallerPath = "$Destination\$InstallerName"
    Download-Package $Url $InstallerPath
    if (-not $NoInstall) {
        Write-Output "Installing $InstallerName"
        Start-Process -Wait -Verb runas -FilePath msiexec.exe -ArgumentList @("/i", $InstallerPath, "/quiet", "/qn", "/norestart")
    }
}

# Standard installation procedure for an MSI installer, to be searched in a Web page.
function Install-Standard-Msi([string]$ReleasePage, [string]$Pattern, [string]$FallbackURL = "")
{
    $Url = Get-URL-In-HTML $ReleasePage $Pattern $FallbackURL
    Install-Msi $Url
}

# Get user environment variable.
function Get-UserEnvironment([string]$Name)
{
    return [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable($Name, [System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::User)
}

# Define user environment variable.
function Define-UserEnvironment([string]$Name, [string]$Value)
{
    [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable($Name, $Value, [System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::User)
}

# Get system-wide environment variable.
function Get-Environment([string]$Name)
{
    return [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable($Name, [System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine)
}

# Define system-wide environment variable.
function Define-Environment([string]$Name, [string]$Value)
{
    [System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable($Name, $Value, [System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine)
}

# Propagate an environment variable in next jobs for GitHub Actions.
# If value is unspecified, get it from system environment.
function Propagate-Environment([string]$Name, [string]$Value = "")
{
    if ($GitHubActions) {
        if ($Value -eq "") {
            $Value = Get-Environment $Name
        }
        Write-Output "${Name}=${Value}" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Encoding utf8 -Append
    }
}

# Add a directory in a system path.
function Add-Directory-To-Path([string]$Dir, [string]$PathName = "Path")
{
    $Value = Get-Environment $PathName
    if (";$Value;" -notlike "*;$Dir;*") {
        Write-Output "Adding $Dir to $PathName"
        Define-Environment $PathName "$Value;$Dir"
    }
}

# Add a shortcut in the startup menu.
function Add-Start-Menu-Entry([string]$Name, [string]$Target, [string]$MenuSubDir = "", $AllUsers = $false)
{
    if (Test-Path "$Target") {
        if ($AllUsers) {
            $MenuDir = [Environment]::GetFolderPath('CommonStartMenu') + "\Programs"
        }
        else {
            $MenuDir = [Environment]::GetFolderPath('StartMenu') + "\Programs"
        }
        if ($MenuSubDir -ne "") {
            $MenuDir += "\$MenuSubDir"
            if (-not (Test-Path -PathType Container $MenuDir)) {
                [void](New-Item $MenuDir -ItemType Directory)
            }
        }
        Remove-Item "$MenuDir\$Name.lnk" -Force -ErrorAction Ignore
        $WScriptShell = New-Object -ComObject WScript.Shell
        $Shortcut = $WScriptShell.CreateShortcut("$MenuDir\$Name.lnk")
        $Shortcut.TargetPath = $Target
        $Shortcut.Save()
    }
}

# Search a file in a path.
function Search-Path([string]$Name, [string]$Path = $env:Path)
{
    foreach ($dir in $env:Path.Split(';')) {
        if (Test-Path "$dir\$Name") {
            return "$dir\$Name"
        }
    }
    return $null
}

# Send a WM_SETTINGCHANGE message to all applications 
Add-Type -Namespace Win32 -Name NativeMethods -MemberDefinition @"
  [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
  public static extern IntPtr SendMessageTimeout(IntPtr hWnd, uint Msg, UIntPtr wParam, string lParam, uint fuFlags, uint uTimeout, out UIntPtr lpdwResult);
"@

function Send-SettingChange
{
    $HWND_BROADCAST = [IntPtr]0xffff;
    $WM_SETTINGCHANGE = 0x1a;
    $result = [UIntPtr]::Zero
    [void]([Win32.Nativemethods]::SendMessageTimeout($HWND_BROADCAST, $WM_SETTINGCHANGE, [UIntPtr]::Zero, "Environment", 2, 5000, [ref]$result))
}