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Merge pull request #109 from mruby-Forum/release-mruby-3.0.0
Release mruby 3.0.0
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‎_posts/2021-03-05-mruby-3.0.0-released.markdown

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---
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layout: post
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title: "mruby 3.0.0 released"
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date: 2021-03-05 00:00:00
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categories: releases
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---
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# mruby 3.0.0
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We are announcing the first stable release of mruby 3.0 series - [mruby 3.0.0](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/releases/tag/3.0.0).
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With mruby 3.0, the memory used of the mruby VM has been significantly reduced, and we have succeeded in significantly saving memory.
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Previous versions required several hundred KB of RAM, but mruby 3.0 can launch an application with about 100 KB of RAM.
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Describes the new features and changes in mruby 3.0.
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The main changes in mruby 3.0 are also described in [doc/mruby3.md](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/blob/master/doc/mruby3.md).
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---
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# New Features
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## Core Language Features
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- Implement endless-def. [Ruby:Feature#16746](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/16746)
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- Replace `R-assignment` by `single-line pattern matching`. [Ruby:Feature#15921](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15921)
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- Support squiggly heredocs. [#5246](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5246)
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## Features for mruby Developer
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- Add new C APIs
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- `mrbc_cleanup_local_variables()` - Clean up local variables on mrbc_context. [#4931](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/4931)
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- Add functions that take symbols as arguments.
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- `mrb_define_singleton_method_id()`
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- `mrb_define_class_method_id()`
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- `mrb_define_module_function_id()`
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- `mrb_undef_method_id()`
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- `mrb_undef_class_method_id()`
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- `mrb_define_const_id()`
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- `mrb_funcall_id()`
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- Add functions for symbol checking that return mrb_sym value.
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- `mrb_intern_check()`
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- `mrb_intern_check_cstr()`
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- `mrb_intern_check_str()`
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- `mrb_fiber_resume()` - Allow context switch from C module.
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---
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# Update Features
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## Reduce memory usage
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- Preallocate Symbols
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The mruby 3.0 can now significantly reduce RAM usage by allocating symbols to static memory area at compile time. See [doc/guides/symbol.md](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/blob/master/doc/guides/symbol.md) for more information.
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- Reduce memory usage of Hash objects. [f2d8db39](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/f2d8db39)
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- Reduce memory usage when calling methods. [#5272](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5272)
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## Updated build process
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The old build configuration file `build_config.rb` has been reconfigured to a file in the `build_config` directory.
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For example, the following typical build configuration is available.
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- `default`: the default configuration
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- `host-gprof`: compiles with `gprof` for performance tuning
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- `host-m32`: compiles in gcc 32bit mode on 64bit platforms
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- `boxing`: compiles all three boxing options
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- `clang-asan`: compiles with clang's Address Sanitizer
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You can specify the mruby build configuration by building mruby with the `rake` build, specifying the build configuration file in the environment variable `MRUBY_CONFIG`.
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## Core Libraries
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- Add new libraries.
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- `mruby-catch` - Support `Kernel.#catch` and `Kernel.#throw`. [7eaaee54](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/7eaaee54)
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- `mruby-os-memsize` - Support `ObjectSpace.memsize_of` and `ObjectSpace.memsize_of_all`. [#5032](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5032) [#5040](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5040) [#5041](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/pull/5041)
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- Add `Array.new([])` initialization. (mruby-array)
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- Add `Hash#except` (mruby-hash-ext)
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- Update `IO#popen` to use keyword arguments. (mruby-io)
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- Make `Module#include` and `Module#prepend` behave like Ruby 3.0. [3972df57](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/3972df57)
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## Tools
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- Allow to mixed and specify `*.rb` and `*.mrb` in `mruby` interpreter. [a045b6b8](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/a045b6b8)
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- Add `irep` C struct dump from `mrbc` with `-S` option.
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## Features for mruby Developer
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- Add new specifier `c` to `mrb_get_args()` for receive Class/Module.
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---
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# Breaking Changes
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## mruby VM and bytecode
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Due to improvements in the binary format, mruby binaries are no longer backward compatible.
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To run the mruby binaries on mruby 3.0, recompile with the mruby 3.0 `mrbc`.
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- Upgrade mruby VM version `RITE_VM_VER` to `0300` (means mruby 3.0).
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- Upgrade mruby binary version `RITE_BINARY_FORMAT_VER` to `0200`.
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## Recognize Integer system
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`Integer` has been changed to a specification similar to CRuby.
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- Integrate `Finxnum` and `Integer`.
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- Remove `Integral`.
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- `int / int -> int`
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- Add APIs for `Integer`. APIs for`Fixnum` (`mrb_fixnum_xxx()`) is also left for compatibility.
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- `mrb_fixnum()` -> `mrb_integer()`
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- `mrb_fixnum_value()` -> `mrb_int_value()`
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- `mrb_fixnum_p()` -> `mrb_integer_p()`
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---
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# Major bug fixes
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- Fix take over file scope variables with `mruby` and `mirb` command. [#4933](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/4933)
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- Fix performing `block_given?` from inside an orphan block always returns false. [#5039](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5039)
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- Fix segmentation fault in Mruby interpreter making it crash [#5046](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5046)
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- Fix splat operator to frozen Array raises FrozenError. [#5067](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5067)
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- Fix wrong behavior of File.extname when the filename starts or ends with a period. (mruby-io) [#5077](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5077)
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- Fix #parameters mistakes keyword "splat" for a block parameter. [#5066](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5066)
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- Fix mruby-io doesn't work in processes started as Windows service. [#5114](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5114)
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- Fix resuming fiber from C seems to loop infinitely. [#5261](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5261)
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- Fix invalid UTF-8 string length. [#5269](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5269)
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- Fix avoid syntax error when EXPR_MID appears in conditional operator. [#5290](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5290)
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- Fix symbols like numbered parameters in blocks get a syntax error. [#5295](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/issues/5295)
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- Avoid infinite loops when converting objects to strings. [01a8d849](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/commit/01a8d849)
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- Fix module order of `#include`. [ruby-bug:7844](https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/7844)
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---
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We have done 983 commits to 274 files with 16,929 additions and 11,685 deletions since mruby 2.1.2. For more detail of the updates, [see Commit Log](https://github.com/mruby/mruby/compare/2.1.2...3.0.0).
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Thanks to all the contributors who have worked on bug fixes and improvements in the release of `mruby 3.0.0`.

‎downloads/index.html

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<div>
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<h2>Downloads</h2>
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<p>
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<b>Current stable</b>: <a href="https://github.com/mruby/mruby/archive/2.1.2.zip">mruby 2.1.2</a>
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<b>Current stable</b>: <a href="https://github.com/mruby/mruby/archive/3.0.0.zip">mruby 3.0.0</a>
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</p>
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</div>
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</div>

‎index.html

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</p>
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<div class="mruby-is-get">
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<a href="https://github.com/mruby/mruby/archive/2.1.2.zip" class="btn btn-lg btn-default" role="button">Download 2.1.2 Source</a>
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<a href="https://github.com/mruby/mruby/archive/3.0.0.zip" class="btn btn-lg btn-default" role="button">Download 3.0.0 Source</a>
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&nbsp; or &nbsp;
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<a href="https://github.com/mruby/mruby" class="btn btn-lg btn-default" role="button">Find on GitHub</a>
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</div>

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