diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index f01050441d..64b2213c58 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ Increment the:
 * [API] Add Enabled method to Tracer
   [#3357](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/pull/3357)
 
+* [SDK] Optimize PeriodicExportingMetricReader thread usage
+  [#3383](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/pull/3383)
+
 ## [1.20 2025-04-01]
 
 * [BUILD] Update opentelemetry-proto version
diff --git a/sdk/src/metrics/export/periodic_exporting_metric_reader.cc b/sdk/src/metrics/export/periodic_exporting_metric_reader.cc
index f9970312e4..0fbde50bc8 100644
--- a/sdk/src/metrics/export/periodic_exporting_metric_reader.cc
+++ b/sdk/src/metrics/export/periodic_exporting_metric_reader.cc
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 #include <ostream>
 #include <ratio>
 #include <thread>
-#include <type_traits>
 #include <utility>
 
 #include "opentelemetry/common/timestamp.h"
@@ -24,13 +23,6 @@
 #include "opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/push_metric_exporter.h"
 #include "opentelemetry/version.h"
 
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-#  pragma warning(suppress : 5204)
-#  include <future>
-#else
-#  include <future>
-#endif
-
 #if OPENTELEMETRY_HAVE_EXCEPTIONS
 #  include <exception>
 #endif
@@ -98,11 +90,9 @@ void PeriodicExportingMetricReader::DoBackgroundWork()
     worker_thread_instrumentation_->OnStart();
   }
 #endif /* ENABLE_THREAD_INSTRUMENTATION_PREVIEW */
-
   do
   {
     auto start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
-
 #ifdef ENABLE_THREAD_INSTRUMENTATION_PREVIEW
     if (worker_thread_instrumentation_ != nullptr)
     {
@@ -134,7 +124,6 @@ void PeriodicExportingMetricReader::DoBackgroundWork()
       worker_thread_instrumentation_->BeforeWait();
     }
 #endif /* ENABLE_THREAD_INSTRUMENTATION_PREVIEW */
-
     std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m_);
     cv_.wait_for(lk, remaining_wait_interval_ms, [this]() {
       if (is_force_wakeup_background_worker_.load(std::memory_order_acquire))
@@ -151,7 +140,6 @@ void PeriodicExportingMetricReader::DoBackgroundWork()
       worker_thread_instrumentation_->AfterWait();
     }
 #endif /* ENABLE_THREAD_INSTRUMENTATION_PREVIEW */
-
   } while (IsShutdown() != true);
 
 #ifdef ENABLE_THREAD_INSTRUMENTATION_PREVIEW
@@ -164,61 +152,39 @@ void PeriodicExportingMetricReader::DoBackgroundWork()
 
 bool PeriodicExportingMetricReader::CollectAndExportOnce()
 {
-  std::atomic<bool> cancel_export_for_timeout{false};
-
   std::uint64_t notify_force_flush = force_flush_pending_sequence_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
-  std::unique_ptr<std::thread> task_thread;
-
 #if OPENTELEMETRY_HAVE_EXCEPTIONS
   try
   {
 #endif
-    std::promise<void> sender;
-    auto receiver = sender.get_future();
-
-    task_thread.reset(
-        new std::thread([this, &cancel_export_for_timeout, sender = std::move(sender)] {
 #ifdef ENABLE_THREAD_INSTRUMENTATION_PREVIEW
-          if (collect_thread_instrumentation_ != nullptr)
-          {
-            collect_thread_instrumentation_->OnStart();
-            collect_thread_instrumentation_->BeforeLoad();
-          }
+    if (collect_thread_instrumentation_ != nullptr)
+    {
+      collect_thread_instrumentation_->OnStart();
+      collect_thread_instrumentation_->BeforeLoad();
+    }
 #endif /* ENABLE_THREAD_INSTRUMENTATION_PREVIEW */
-
-          this->Collect([this, &cancel_export_for_timeout](ResourceMetrics &metric_data) {
-            if (cancel_export_for_timeout.load(std::memory_order_acquire))
-            {
-              OTEL_INTERNAL_LOG_ERROR(
-                  "[Periodic Exporting Metric Reader] Collect took longer configured time: "
-                  << this->export_timeout_millis_.count() << " ms, and timed out");
-              return false;
-            }
-            this->exporter_->Export(metric_data);
-            return true;
-          });
-
-          const_cast<std::promise<void> &>(sender).set_value();
+    auto start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    this->Collect([this, &start](ResourceMetrics &metric_data) {
+      auto end = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+      if ((end - start) > this->export_timeout_millis_)
+      {
+        OTEL_INTERNAL_LOG_ERROR(
+            "[Periodic Exporting Metric Reader] Collect took longer configured time: "
+            << this->export_timeout_millis_.count() << " ms, and timed out");
+        return false;
+      }
+      this->exporter_->Export(metric_data);
+      return true;
+    });
 
 #ifdef ENABLE_THREAD_INSTRUMENTATION_PREVIEW
-          if (collect_thread_instrumentation_ != nullptr)
-          {
-            collect_thread_instrumentation_->AfterLoad();
-            collect_thread_instrumentation_->OnEnd();
-          }
-#endif /* ENABLE_THREAD_INSTRUMENTATION_PREVIEW */
-        }));
-
-    std::future_status status;
-    do
+    if (collect_thread_instrumentation_ != nullptr)
     {
-      status = receiver.wait_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(export_timeout_millis_));
-      if (status == std::future_status::timeout)
-      {
-        cancel_export_for_timeout.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
-        break;
-      }
-    } while (status != std::future_status::ready);
+      collect_thread_instrumentation_->AfterLoad();
+      collect_thread_instrumentation_->OnEnd();
+    }
+#endif /* ENABLE_THREAD_INSTRUMENTATION_PREVIEW */
 #if OPENTELEMETRY_HAVE_EXCEPTIONS
   }
   catch (std::exception &e)
@@ -235,11 +201,6 @@ bool PeriodicExportingMetricReader::CollectAndExportOnce()
   }
 #endif
 
-  if (task_thread && task_thread->joinable())
-  {
-    task_thread->join();
-  }
-
   std::uint64_t notified_sequence = force_flush_notified_sequence_.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
   while (notify_force_flush > notified_sequence)
   {