1_Data_Types.ipynb

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      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "_Hr-WgyTpWQ0",
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      "source": [
        "# DATA TYPES"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ov4M86AQpWQ2",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Variables"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "xtzlrIodpWQ4",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "Variables are just containers that hold a value. In python all variables are objects of some predefined or user defined class."
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "gPlAer9ypWQ5",
        "colab_type": "code",
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      "source": [
        "x = 5"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
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      "cell_type": "code",
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        "id": "XraBnMwupWQ-",
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        },
        "outputId": "f8276045-78e1-489a-bbd2-64a85a1ef3bd"
      },
      "source": [
        "print(x)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "5\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
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      "source": [
        "x"
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      "execution_count": null,
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        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "5"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
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          "execution_count": 4
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    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "9aepvfwepWRJ",
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      },
      "source": [
        "In python the interpreter automatically determines the datatype of the variable.\n",
        "Python also allows multiple assignment.![alt text](![alt text](**https://**))"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "dXXn8bpopWRK",
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      "source": [
        "x=y=z=10"
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      "source": [
        "x"
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          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "10"
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          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
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          "execution_count": 6
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      "cell_type": "code",
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      "source": [
        "y"
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          "execution_count": 7
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        "id": "fFX474ZwpWRa",
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        "outputId": "807e9d0e-e0f8-4d4d-adf2-604a6cefa5b8"
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      "source": [
        "z"
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          "data": {
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              "10"
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          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
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          "execution_count": 8
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      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "eGj8Mq8VpWR-",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "# this is a comment"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "wxScybfipWSJ",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "In python a varible consists of 3 important parts\n",
        "\n",
        "    1. ID\n",
        "    2. VALUE\n",
        "    3. TYPE"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "SKNYEmDZpWSL",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = 5.5"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "kX1GQ1q4pWSW",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "3a3655a5-c479-4220-af9e-d48f44bb7327"
      },
      "source": [
        "type(a) #data type"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "float"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 11
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "XgryFgRHpWSd",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "b9ea146e-aa68-4a4f-a774-9a2ada892b5e"
      },
      "source": [
        "id(a) #address"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "140308701225488"
            ]
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          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 12
        }
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          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "73fc10ef-f46e-48e0-ebe7-363c00abf1b9"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "5.5"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 13
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "lK8KbjippWSs",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "del(a) #deletes the variable from memory"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "yyNqHJm-pWSw",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 162
        },
        "outputId": "0b6b7e89-6fd4-47a1-f583-cedc366a28fb"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "NameError",
          "evalue": "ignored",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m                                 Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-15-3f786850e387>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0ma\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mNameError\u001b[0m: name 'a' is not defined"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "U20EroTdpWS2",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Print function"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "zlALKWw3pWS4",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "Print function is used to print an object in python.\n",
        "It have 2 attributes : END , SEP"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "CHZTWZecpWS5",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "8adddc9c-9a97-47dd-8fdd-cfde14b1a83f"
      },
      "source": [
        "print(\"Hello World\")"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "Hello World\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "R6S1-1DbpWTA",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "79013ec3-131b-4493-8423-dbbf0e2263f4"
      },
      "source": [
        "print(x) # Object printing"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "10\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "iZmGN7WCpWTI",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "c6b4fc13-580a-4aeb-c322-7dc20eecdab6"
      },
      "source": [
        "print(\"Hello\", end=\" \") # default end = \"\\n\"\n",
        "print(\"World\")"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "Hello World\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "mkX7QLuupWTP",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 50
        },
        "outputId": "e3863422-e009-4417-8e51-651fff71dc2b"
      },
      "source": [
        "print(\"Hello\")\n",
        "print(\"World\")"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "Hello\n",
            "World\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "pxwxnZdApWTV",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "d3753503-e98b-4da4-b802-9f72518d8b77"
      },
      "source": [
        "print(\"Hello\",\"World\") # default sep = \" \""
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "Hello World\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "2QFqeai3pWTd",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 50
        },
        "outputId": "09d639a8-f7c6-42a7-97bb-539f4ee13cb4"
      },
      "source": [
        "print(\"Hello\",\"World\",sep=\"\\n\")"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "Hello\n",
            "World\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "bP8j08M-pWTj",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "##  Numbers"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "69hnMnDrpWTk",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "Python supports 4 types of numbers :-\n",
        "    \n",
        "    INT\n",
        "    FLOAT\n",
        "    LONG\n",
        "    COMPLEX\n",
        "    "
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "eO7sGLMRpWTl",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = 1\n",
        "b = 1.1\n",
        "c = 2 + 3j"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "VrAIke5rpWTs",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 67
        },
        "outputId": "ccaef613-70b8-4dcb-accc-78b1fe59b031"
      },
      "source": [
        "print(type(a),type(b),type(c),sep=\"\\n\")"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "<class 'int'>\n",
            "<class 'float'>\n",
            "<class 'complex'>\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "viIyxmcPpWTz",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Round Function"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "I2U2Iv2ApWT0",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "89dfda4a-e9ef-4f9c-d266-7979cecfe54b"
      },
      "source": [
        "round(3.7777777777,2)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "3.78"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 24
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "-T0zj2TBpWT8",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## String Datatype"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "0WOM7x1VpWT9",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = str()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "3BuhLJw7pWUC",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = \"Cat\""
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "nd5vPZsepWUG",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "c9e83147-823a-4f5d-dc60-10512735fb7f"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'Cat'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 27
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "_Syqqe-lpWUM",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "b = \"Dog\""
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "LsSIcZ97pWUR",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "c = a+b #String Concatenation"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "vVrNHKMIpWUW",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "f9aa17e6-9ce7-491b-faad-66282a98a39c"
      },
      "source": [
        "c"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'CatDog'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 30
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "vigMcaW_pWUd",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "9b8f513e-bc9d-4434-93ba-0934ce430f02"
      },
      "source": [
        "a*3 # gives a string 3 times concatenated"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'CatCatCat'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 31
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "-92_oL6XpWUi",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "0e7b38ba-2488-446b-f4cf-647a893de37f"
      },
      "source": [
        "'''Python supports\n",
        "multiline comment using triple inverted commas'''"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'Python supports\\nmultiline comment using triple inverted commas'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 32
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "1131XtMdpWUm",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Escape Sequences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "qDphR_v7pWUn",
        "colab_type": "raw"
      },
      "source": [
        "\\n : New Line\n",
        "\\b : ASCII Backspace\n",
        "\\' : Single Quote\n",
        "\\\" : Double Quote\n",
        "\\\\ : Single Slash\n",
        "\\t : ASCII Tab"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "9zwHuVGzpWUo",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Indexing and Slicing"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "msO89hLMpWUp",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "In python each string is indexed from 0-(size-1)th number.\n",
        "Slicing means considering a part of the string\n",
        "\n",
        "    Syntax : var_name[start:(stop+1):step]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "oZgVuZzIpWUq",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = \"ROHAN\""
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "GE8N6fdmpWUw",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "9a244210-3a77-4e53-dbd1-482abd22db34"
      },
      "source": [
        "a[1]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'O'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 34
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "n4XOueFkpWU2",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "cceacce8-a0d8-4e4e-9c7f-66051b6cbfe4"
      },
      "source": [
        "a[2]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'H'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 35
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "z4T6lNddpWU8",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "f2fb2b73-e1d4-40af-d0c7-17dd02873a3c"
      },
      "source": [
        "a[-1]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'N'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 36
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "CR-wMS2VpWVA",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "e43f9b66-da1d-4750-e8bd-361883905f28"
      },
      "source": [
        "a[-5] # same as a[0]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'R'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 37
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "nzq35JzVpWVF",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "414ebd3a-b6e8-4246-863c-1f0ab225dba2"
      },
      "source": [
        "a[0:5]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'ROHAN'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 38
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "A3r0G1F7pWVK",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "7ca76de5-6532-4583-d954-94b9a2248812"
      },
      "source": [
        "a[1:5]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'OHAN'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 39
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "j4U91wgWpWVT",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "0115ba3a-bf2b-435f-ee57-06bfe3f33a51"
      },
      "source": [
        "a[2:5]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'HAN'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 40
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "aTbGD540pWVY",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "#NOte 5 index is not included in slicing"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "qtB3CHurpWVe",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "92cff1b9-b1c5-4116-a383-f26b492ca60a"
      },
      "source": [
        "a[-5:]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'ROHAN'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 42
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "WLSOEYpApWVl",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "9980d2bd-ab4f-458a-bf7b-1f03960fc708"
      },
      "source": [
        "a[0::2] # Step = 2"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'RHN'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 43
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "UZQFyz8-pWVq",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "05390370-1dec-49d5-b797-44cef3e776fe"
      },
      "source": [
        "a[-3:5]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'HAN'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 44
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ZiUFtuSYpWVy",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## String Formatting"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "pCoomjXypWVz",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = 2.1\n",
        "b = \"hello\""
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "8r5fH7zxpWV4",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "766459f7-f7a9-44c0-c18f-ec8fabb4589e"
      },
      "source": [
        "print(f\"{b} value of a is {a}\") #written within the string"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "hello value of a is 2.1\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "5kPKIWd2pWV-",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Built in functions"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "g1JhZBeTpWV_",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = \"Hello World\""
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "y-H2HC3LpWWD",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "b = \"hello\""
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "zrL_n6bBpWWJ",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "711d8e48-ce43-4fc4-e707-c15c129bc1f7"
      },
      "source": [
        "b.capitalize()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'Hello'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 49
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "x6roZJmypWWN",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "dd9bc2da-2e3c-4da4-a1c6-8cd869e4783b"
      },
      "source": [
        "b.casefold()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'hello'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 50
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "1vNL6OfApWWY",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "6be30caf-4efd-4a9b-b28b-acc6bab8b2ae"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.casefold()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'hello world'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 51
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "13XapncGpWWc",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "cd82e9b0-62e9-4ec2-b69b-1d7b88a1e795"
      },
      "source": [
        "a # Do not change original"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'Hello World'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 52
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Lm4N9Ha-pWWl",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "ca6d9b50-5c68-42bb-beda-5d7d17289a4a"
      },
      "source": [
        "b.center(10,'!')"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'!!hello!!!'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 53
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "0ryxVW_bpWWq",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "9648c6e3-e62b-4ed1-e761-94c43f6a88b7"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.count(\"llo\") # .count(\"substring\", start, stop) Occurence of a substring"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "1"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 54
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "YhqvV-4PpWWu",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "400530d3-6f95-4e03-b297-6985573ae54f"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.endswith(\"rd\",5,) # Syntax : .endswith(suffix, start, end)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "False"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 55
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "X4eBK9hipWWz",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "5bbb57c6-b6ef-4266-d91d-882bc0ac57ed"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.endswith(\"rld\",5)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 56
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "QeO5VfMwpWW4",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "0261c80c-acae-40a4-fe5f-023a8de40188"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.find(\"Wor\") # Same substring,star,stop Gives starting index of substring"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "6"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 57
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "jLl9z8ZqpWW8",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "54677eae-cae2-4517-895c-6a42376d6b04"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.isalpha() #checks for a-z and A-Z only"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "False"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 58
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "peUw4nAYpWXB",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "be987457-6d14-42f4-80b5-7243e462f4c8"
      },
      "source": [
        "b.isalpha()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 59
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "RQtHF-oXpWXF",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "663006cf-dfff-46e7-f3fa-a907d51fad94"
      },
      "source": [
        "c = \"abcd123\"\n",
        "c.isalnum()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 60
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "sh0yaaIYpWXK",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "86ccfa24-2b54-4b35-b501-ce40fde45f36"
      },
      "source": [
        "d = \"121\"\n",
        "d.isalnum()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 61
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "SHdsm4SbpWXN",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "0c91cc76-6105-412a-a7d4-b9b05007132c"
      },
      "source": [
        "d.isdigit()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 62
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "1HIzHl9ipWXS",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "3a75c0a0-730e-40d4-8ccc-cfee0cfd3c0e"
      },
      "source": [
        "b.isupper()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "False"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 63
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "X0R3nqIMpWXc",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "501ab611-1c33-4131-bcf8-51b7a3ee9a61"
      },
      "source": [
        "b.islower()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 64
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "eYBrR3mxpWXf",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "22503085-9522-4436-a6de-02aef184ab1f"
      },
      "source": [
        "d.isupper()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "False"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 65
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "BZLHv9mQpWXi",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "0cb389d0-0d92-4a50-cd39-9f5f8a01b3be"
      },
      "source": [
        "c.islower()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "True"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 66
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "qNdV6rgkpWXm",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "a27e20f4-f526-45f4-b8d9-96954fb1ef15"
      },
      "source": [
        "len(a)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "11"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 67
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "puD81HfOpWXp",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "cb9f3496-1eae-4f52-8537-08014ec12012"
      },
      "source": [
        "len(d)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "3"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 68
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "3cMZ1rQOpWXx",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "c7b4c009-44a8-426f-fd92-7f7410b0232f"
      },
      "source": [
        "d.ljust(10,\"@\")"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'121@@@@@@@'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 69
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "mqMcqdkqpWX1",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "35c80412-e9fb-4e3a-d164-3d7b055f3527"
      },
      "source": [
        "d.rjust(10,\"@\")"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'@@@@@@@121'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 70
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "bfHrTA1rpWX4",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "f4e1f405-be43-49ac-a231-72a6702dc63d"
      },
      "source": [
        "b.upper()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'HELLO'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 71
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Jwj8jxLlpWX8",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "01c3aad6-1e0a-43b1-f2ea-7c1a2d48f56a"
      },
      "source": [
        "b # No changes in original string"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'hello'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 72
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "56jFdr8OpWX_",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "5de3e10b-facf-40d7-b319-4c9014fec745"
      },
      "source": [
        "b.lower()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'hello'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 73
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "llRrCtXkpWYD",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "f590e43c-d4a8-49bc-d274-842b81278976"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.partition(\"l\") # Separates the given substring from the string in a tuple"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "('He', 'l', 'lo World')"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 74
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "NDfmj19mpWYL",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "67468db1-bcf6-4e11-ec88-7cda52c388f6"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.find(\"lo\")"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "3"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 75
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "OBNiETNLpWYS",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "7826dfd5-0825-45e3-d561-39ceacb33a1d"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.ljust(20)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'Hello World         '"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 76
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "hJX2jW82pWYb",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "56050988-1897-4339-c42e-0ff2013748db"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.rjust(20)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'         Hello World'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 77
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "_khG1jWFpWYe",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "a680d7fa-43ee-429b-fd9d-249a8d3c50d9"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.title()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'Hello World'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 78
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "-a7I_xF_pWYh",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "ETC"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "NB04sOYVpWYj",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## List Data Type"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "oaYo3ptPpWYk",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "Lists are similar to arrays as in other languages.\n",
        "In python a list can contain elements with differet datatypes."
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "MroNbcCHpWYk",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = []"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "IvSdqsDYpWYn",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = list()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "D9P5r7SYpWYv",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = [1,2,3,4,5]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "GI_7TC16pWYy",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "e33bc231-d671-4562-e84a-2763e922e46d"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 82
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "bLH0aV9mpWY2",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "b = ['hello',1+2j,3.44,False,7]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "f6TbuNuZpWY5",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 118
        },
        "outputId": "b93b3e0f-b109-4ca2-a5a8-e8e974bf67b2"
      },
      "source": [
        "print(type(b),type(b[0]),type(b[1]),type(b[2]),type(b[3]),type(b[4]),sep = \"\\n\")"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "<class 'list'>\n",
            "<class 'str'>\n",
            "<class 'complex'>\n",
            "<class 'float'>\n",
            "<class 'bool'>\n",
            "<class 'int'>\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Mq2kQj0DpWY8",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "5c3b4338-858e-4031-bab3-ce686b1c3b44"
      },
      "source": [
        "len(a)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "5"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 85
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "vT8P5SndpWY_",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "8d613047-25b3-4128-c001-f1f9e33453d9"
      },
      "source": [
        "range(1,5)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "range(1, 5)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 86
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "rxxw2bBzpWZC",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "5a33c85f-c9c1-4402-f3ad-3c4ba87f253a"
      },
      "source": [
        "list(range(1,5))"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 2, 3, 4]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 87
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "MOA0x2XmpWZF",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "33104fb5-c755-4a64-e3f5-449d3ffeaedd"
      },
      "source": [
        "list(range(1,11,2))"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 88
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "KKuKmGWlpWZJ",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "f4bfd00a-a99f-4b50-8b94-ca201b86a9ed"
      },
      "source": [
        "list(range(2,11,2))"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[2, 4, 6, 8, 10]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 89
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "fHat9tUqpWZM",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "9331da14-042a-4a91-9d2d-59af58caacb2"
      },
      "source": [
        "b[-2]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "False"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 90
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "_uamPsSSpWZP",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "2923d77f-cbd1-4c8d-f128-9f8f0b03b1f5"
      },
      "source": [
        "b[-3]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "3.44"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 91
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "7qh-bB-4pWZS",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "c = a+b"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "DT9aChKspWZV",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "1a4cb02a-64ac-4b25-924a-c6c39b3490db"
      },
      "source": [
        "c #Concatenation"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 'hello', (1+2j), 3.44, False, 7]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 93
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "KQ5tM15-pWZY",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "f0fdd82f-00a9-45f4-b45e-a0976163fd66"
      },
      "source": [
        "c[0:7:2] # Slicing"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 3, 5, (1+2j)]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 94
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Xk4wMl8dpWZa",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 101
        },
        "outputId": "da7126c3-ecc8-403b-b5bb-f92b2bb0818e"
      },
      "source": [
        "for i in a:\n",
        "    print(i)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "1\n",
            "2\n",
            "3\n",
            "4\n",
            "5\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "scrolled": true,
        "id": "-Xpa2_QHpWZi",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 101
        },
        "outputId": "3b2c1834-2203-4c70-8b52-cfc5f5c1eeae"
      },
      "source": [
        "for i in range(len(a)):\n",
        "    print(a[i])"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "1\n",
            "2\n",
            "3\n",
            "4\n",
            "5\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "25yaCYIipWZm",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Swapping objects"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "sg1OvJ70pWZn",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = 1 ; b = 2 # ; is used two separate 2 peices of code in same line"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "YL7-FVX0pWZq",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "a6768b43-2fbe-473a-83d4-123b0b5dba0b"
      },
      "source": [
        "print(a,b)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "1 2\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "OHcNYoy-pWZt",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a,b = b,a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "eSdvYWQLpWZw",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "fdccecd7-bc51-429a-f381-d3d7af89ceb6"
      },
      "source": [
        "print(a,b)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "2 1\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "8phUTK5hpWZz",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "c = \"Hello\""
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "bp-PY_XOpWZ1",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a,c = c,a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "AZZa64kSpWZ4",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "e257c401-7782-45ec-dedf-8808523de409"
      },
      "source": [
        "print(a,c)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "Hello 2\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "fL2B4c-1pWZ7",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## List Methods"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "oOiaoeLxpWZ8",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = [1,2,3,4]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "qh34jasopWZ_",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.append(5)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "njPoMj3OpWaC",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "ffbd7be6-8c83-43d0-9794-d06b6f8fbd64"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 106
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "mkPqCgMcpWaE",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.extend([6,7,8])"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "c1iMRrUkpWaM",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "fa4da8b7-d2e0-4e1c-c38a-28f6cc2393c5"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 108
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "0URDB1lspWaQ",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.insert(3,\"hi\")"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "QemutEcTpWaS",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "1a7f09f5-4063-4369-da23-8a2faf4a90a1"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 2, 3, 'hi', 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 110
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "A7ttFb_cpWaX",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "2f02e2cf-3631-4533-821f-eae04c797425"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.pop(3)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'hi'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 111
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ZZQnLZrCpWaZ",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "d099ecd7-3d2c-4d1d-c634-4b283ed90722"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 112
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "0YbBYeHPpWab",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.reverse()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "GED6uut8pWac",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "4f0868ad-e913-4990-bc87-2cf9b1b4f11a"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 114
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "2wJBrgD6pWae",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.reverse()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "nv6iQKHnpWag",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "f16dffdb-025b-4032-ff18-edd0e385fcdf"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 116
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "zuLgRVq6pWaj",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.remove(7)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "yqJ-ojbkpWal",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "861b3089-f8b1-4bb2-b6b1-912b5744281c"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 118
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "z5LybHE0pWav",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "c0397757-36de-4d5f-b6d0-32dd513158ba"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.index(8)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "6"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 119
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "LswhK0_IpWax",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.extend([2,2,5,5,5,5])"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "T0PrNZcRpWaz",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "c5ae7e69-4c4b-4ba1-d477-53573d232d2f"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 2, 2, 5, 5, 5, 5]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 121
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "AGXzOMJYpWa1",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "b5d89759-47de-4af1-84a5-9990e4879eb2"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.count(2)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "3"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 122
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ovB4xcozpWa2",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "f31dc242-3fcb-4692-f260-7e2a12b624ec"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.count(5)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "5"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 123
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "zM8BkUUgpWa4",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.sort()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "rPgk9ADrpWa6",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "ab23423f-bb32-4cae-ce9f-e0db02e38506"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 8]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 125
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "5NcSxLy4pWa7",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = ['h','e','l','l','o']"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "0M7X0r2upWa9",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "b = ''.join(a)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "LWD7cWPvpWa_",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "b204f899-2989-4033-cb3a-30586e5e754a"
      },
      "source": [
        "b"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'hello'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 128
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "8Qq7DHSzpWbC",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "b29dff36-50de-4197-eb50-c1c0febffb15"
      },
      "source": [
        "list(b)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 129
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Xx4QbrhopWbG",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "11a7fa09-636d-4a75-f0a9-b3204809383a"
      },
      "source": [
        "str(a)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "\"['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']\""
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 130
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "W9UHxGiSpWbL",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = [1,2,2,2,33,4,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,8]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "gk_h6QcUpWbP",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "b = tuple(a)\n",
        "c = set(a)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "YysKC-6zpWbU",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "26501008-f66a-490a-bc60-0662773dfaec"
      },
      "source": [
        "b"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "(1, 2, 2, 2, 33, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 8)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 133
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "1ECYEvwCpWbW",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "14fdb3d0-cc2b-43e7-d393-db7e74932ee1"
      },
      "source": [
        "c"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 33}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 134
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "TsmV9auipWba",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "Tuple is same as list but we cannot do modifications in tuple.\n",
        "Tupe have very minimal (3) inbuilt funtions and are generally used when data is not to be altered within the program and for security reasons.\n",
        "Set is a collection of non similar kinds of data."
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "A2iKoyC1pWbb",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "x = \"hello my name is Rohan\""
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "h66ntvgOpWbd",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "y = x.split(' ')"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "DUw0qicXpWbe",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "457717b2-a76e-4ca1-dfbb-6136510b221d"
      },
      "source": [
        "y"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "['hello', 'my', 'name', 'is', 'Rohan']"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 137
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "hgdxx2prpWbh",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "### List Comprehension"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "f9ijeouypWbh",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = [1,2,3,4]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Qn5LvSAypWbj",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "b = [x*10 for x in a]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "KXSvHL94pWbl",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "5b3a081f-b507-4232-88e9-5ed9f985770b"
      },
      "source": [
        "b"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[10, 20, 30, 40]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 140
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "R2ZbH8qlpWbp",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.extend([5,6,7,8])"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "SKFs8AywpWbt",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "even = [n for n in a if n%2==0]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Mo0vHC8YpWbw",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "odd = [n for n in a if n%2 != 0]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "wUgqamHwpWby",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "14565f71-ce25-4af3-9c97-2b3253bc1f89"
      },
      "source": [
        "even"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[2, 4, 6, 8]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 144
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "zcAr1p5upWb3",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "1c72af95-f875-4e1f-f014-36b7495a324e"
      },
      "source": [
        "odd"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[1, 3, 5, 7]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 145
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "qtwCT32ZpWb6",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "x = [n*2 if n%2 != 0 else n//2 for n in a]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "eKANWzyrpWb8",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "6a1614b1-401c-48a0-eea1-696af7bfbeb7"
      },
      "source": [
        "x"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "[2, 1, 6, 2, 10, 3, 14, 4]"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 147
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "4EGFLEPvpWcA",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "9cda9141-4935-4637-ec2d-977c1daddfc2"
      },
      "source": [
        "5/2"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "2.5"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 148
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "bSBzGMbgpWcD",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "d9a260c0-693d-44d7-945f-ad00e6eadab4"
      },
      "source": [
        "5//2"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "2"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 149
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "EPDBtmzPpWcI",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Nested Lists"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "MbPRgr_6pWcI",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "5yccxBoipWcK",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 67
        },
        "outputId": "4edcaa09-f219-4052-b0bf-91b06f624d00"
      },
      "source": [
        "for i in a:\n",
        "    print(i)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "[1, 2, 3]\n",
            "[4, 5, 6]\n",
            "[7, 8, 9]\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "se7oFYmSpWcN",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "b = [[num for num in range(1,4)] for i in range(3)]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "p0F32URZpWcR",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 67
        },
        "outputId": "cc69c996-f28c-4daf-c28e-85baee239407"
      },
      "source": [
        "for i in b:\n",
        "    print(i)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "[1, 2, 3]\n",
            "[1, 2, 3]\n",
            "[1, 2, 3]\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "fmcOFGXfpWcU",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "c = [[n for n in range((3*i)-2,(3*i)+1)] for i in range(1,4)]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "hZG8yf1_pWcW",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 67
        },
        "outputId": "bf7d04dd-9a86-4356-e6d4-1e48fa8cd4c0"
      },
      "source": [
        "for i in c:\n",
        "    print(i)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "[1, 2, 3]\n",
            "[4, 5, 6]\n",
            "[7, 8, 9]\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "IoCvx1-WpWcY",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Tuples"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "esVCiWxmpWcZ",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "Tuples are immutable datatypes in python similar to list.\n",
        "Immutable : Cannot be modified."
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "BfYR44ERpWcb",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = (1,2,3,4)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "XKxBe_gkpWcd",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 162
        },
        "outputId": "416cadf8-80f2-4d92-a5d8-f095b598527f"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.append(5)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "AttributeError",
          "evalue": "ignored",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m                            Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-157-80c7c94d949c>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0ma\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mappend\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m5\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'append'"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "1DXTgja3pWcf",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.index(2)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "U2xxzrjipWch",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.count(3)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "-nfyPx7BqOVI",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        ""
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "hEus15R4pWcj",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "8bd4eb80-8537-4abc-e9f9-e5598d9ece9e"
      },
      "source": [
        "a[-2:]"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "(3, 4)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 158
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "PQxKsW7xpWcl",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Set Datatype"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "anANs-b2pWcm",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "Set is also a form of a list but cannot hold duplicate data."
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "CSxLPsIBpWcm",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = {1,1,1,2,2,3,3,3,4,4,4,5,6,6,7,8}"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "g7OAH_Z7pWco",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "d0a82dc4-cfdb-4df3-9088-fbb17dc99116"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 160
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "5zbzN0y2pWcq",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.add(6)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "W4eEOcNkpWcs",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "73a41410-b4d0-4c4b-f4a3-8bd342371924"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 162
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "nhA7NB4WpWcu",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.add(9)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "PwZ6p7lApWcw",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "74281410-742e-4247-ecee-c98019f2b606"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 164
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "34o7wEnrpWcy",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 162
        },
        "outputId": "c5c1c148-e03b-47a6-86c9-cc6a3bf1f86e"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.remove(10)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "error",
          "ename": "KeyError",
          "evalue": "ignored",
          "traceback": [
            "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m                                  Traceback (most recent call last)",
            "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-165-72b3315abecc>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0ma\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mremove\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m10\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
            "\u001b[0;31mKeyError\u001b[0m: 10"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "KIFgFTw2pWc0",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.remove(9)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "qCivanEmpWc3",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "G0mFCLgppWc5",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.discard(5)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "a97cI1v3pWc8",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "12fff8a9-24af-496d-ca31-df7e7f624b5c"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 167
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "02J5ucEtpWc_",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.discard(10)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "OzAHmpYVpWdA",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "fbce1302-4310-4a5f-9721-a6dd06715b6c"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 169
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "fnLNaoxdpWdE",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.clear()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "7gBIwvygpWdK",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "945ddb1b-9826-4c04-a547-2013dc52c538"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "set()"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 171
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "gpb1KDcmpWdU",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Dictionary Datatype"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "zeSpdmgupWdc",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "Dictionaries are used to store data in key value pair format."
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "VCkALFmHpWdc",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = {'name':'Rohan', 'age': 19, 'phone no.' : '9999999999'}"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ZUlN2MgPpWdi",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "40be5fc6-4af0-43a4-a956-9c7d0979069d"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'age': 19, 'name': 'Rohan', 'phone no.': '9999999999'}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 173
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "qtiNdhtopWdl",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 67
        },
        "outputId": "3c30e66a-f3f3-4add-d195-8021624cf977"
      },
      "source": [
        "for i in a :\n",
        "    print(i) # i represents keys"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "name\n",
            "age\n",
            "phone no.\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "gjSCpG8FpWdq",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "9663b087-efa2-4a4f-935f-f658efa9c9fb"
      },
      "source": [
        "a['name']"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'Rohan'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 175
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "dKk0s1t0pWdu",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "21ee7dc4-9e87-440c-df52-054e992e44a7"
      },
      "source": [
        "a['age']"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "19"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 176
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "TSVwEwdBpWdy",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 67
        },
        "outputId": "53021306-3f39-49a7-83fa-24a124548bf3"
      },
      "source": [
        "for k in a.keys():\n",
        "    print(k)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "name\n",
            "age\n",
            "phone no.\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "J0sw2bQOpWd0",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 67
        },
        "outputId": "b42f353c-c0a4-463c-bf6c-767371f44d95"
      },
      "source": [
        "for v in a.values():\n",
        "    print(v)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "Rohan\n",
            "19\n",
            "9999999999\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "5T5hT84dpWd-",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 67
        },
        "outputId": "24fd933c-a074-48ec-b6cd-d428892ceb41"
      },
      "source": [
        "for i in a.items():\n",
        "    print(i)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "('name', 'Rohan')\n",
            "('age', 19)\n",
            "('phone no.', '9999999999')\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "SqD8uLATpWeA",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Dictionary methods"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "oUZPylsApWeA",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "14dfc455-2baa-41cb-ddc4-a389aec417d2"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.items()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "dict_items([('name', 'Rohan'), ('age', 19), ('phone no.', '9999999999')])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 180
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "G2H5svzUpWeD",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "569f1a89-8b60-4d9d-a805-72d8e6c04dfd"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.keys()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'phone no.'])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 181
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "CLgjgXnRpWeF",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "289c163f-536b-4c2e-cf54-944dd1452924"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.values()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "dict_values(['Rohan', 19, '9999999999'])"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 182
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "eqb3ahSEpWeH",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "b = a.copy()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "UvaQW3pCpWeL",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "21621c01-24ca-4c94-9ec1-e613511d5eb6"
      },
      "source": [
        "b"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'age': 19, 'name': 'Rohan', 'phone no.': '9999999999'}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 184
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "lbtFlVdUpWeO",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 35
        },
        "outputId": "b574c84c-899e-4d60-fe7d-1ab416bd28b3"
      },
      "source": [
        "b.pop('phone no.')"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "string"
            },
            "text/plain": [
              "'9999999999'"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 185
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "MEaNcs97pWeR",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "a2f9c3a8-a25f-4585-9af7-7909310488f5"
      },
      "source": [
        "b"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'age': 19, 'name': 'Rohan'}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 186
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "5aznXinIpWeT",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "b.setdefault('ph')"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "NOYXJ_K9pWeV",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "8b1502c5-f163-4b74-f187-241cc53a5cd5"
      },
      "source": [
        "b"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'age': 19, 'name': 'Rohan', 'ph': None}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 188
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "MVOBEyxPpWeb",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "30de55f5-03c9-4069-c5d5-979689a44bd7"
      },
      "source": [
        "b.popitem() #random"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "('ph', None)"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 189
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "7Xp-O6CZpWed",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "4daaf5a3-ad03-41e2-da73-edeb141e8722"
      },
      "source": [
        "a.popitem()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "('phone no.', '9999999999')"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 190
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "CXkwiDSwpWeg",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "b.get('ph')"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "wZ3jlXY6pWeh",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "2765373f-0206-4001-ca7e-4c1b440b2cd6"
      },
      "source": [
        "b.get('age')"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "19"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 192
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "PmKbBeHDpWej",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "b['ph']='9999999999'"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "-v5W2RajpWel",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "20e663e2-5bb1-4e17-adc2-c12ed4c3a129"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'age': 19, 'name': 'Rohan'}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 194
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "0R51QpB9pWen",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a.update(b)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "jUnc_2oDpWep",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "b2e9749b-8f4d-49e9-e25c-e707c7df7f61"
      },
      "source": [
        "a"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'age': 19, 'name': 'Rohan', 'ph': '9999999999'}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 196
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "hkhi0BPWpWer",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "b29cf68b-59d0-4175-8c38-05d6f1e1dc54"
      },
      "source": [
        "b"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'age': 19, 'name': 'Rohan', 'ph': '9999999999'}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 197
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "1R1kaxkxpWev",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "b.clear()"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "iNaQqmrApWey",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "fe5f2e8b-e911-4148-d4ae-12f067daad8d"
      },
      "source": [
        "b"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 199
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "H67QkpFOpWe1",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "### Dictionary comprehension"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "1zGUwa8KpWe2",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "numbers = {'f':1,'s':2,'t':3}"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "H91JMdJlpWe4",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "squared = {k:v**2 for k,v in numbers.items()}"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "LwH1aZ5SpWe6",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "e40d8157-6eee-486c-c12b-3f347a1f62a0"
      },
      "source": [
        "squared"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{'f': 1, 's': 4, 't': 9}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 202
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "LSlemgGypWe8",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "general = {num:num**2 for num in range(1,6)}"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "uhciMRSNpWe9",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "3284241d-c3a6-4a37-aa2e-a7d4ed9ebe14"
      },
      "source": [
        "general"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "{1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25}"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 204
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "V-2L4H0KpWfB",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Boolean Datatype"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "vk5G3aTipWfC",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = True"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Jh9hGBklpWfE",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "b = False"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "3XX2KRr1pWfI",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "bd03fa59-ab28-4b12-b309-e357a31729b5"
      },
      "source": [
        "if a :\n",
        "    print(1)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "text": [
            "1\n"
          ],
          "name": "stdout"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "xJ5pI94rpWfK",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "if b :\n",
        "    print(1)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "CynYYl_hpWfM",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## None "
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "_0kjDjrypWfM",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "Defines Null value "
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "HNfrH_uupWfN",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = None"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "MtEDGaU2pWfO",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "b661a941-023a-4398-fc92-265674e3b758"
      },
      "source": [
        "type(a)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "NoneType"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 210
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ZYP7K3MBpWfR",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "if a :\n",
        "    print(1)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "qaxHt15KpWfT",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "## Dynamic typing"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "_OLfUa9tpWfT",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = 1"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "JXEoZYL5pWfX",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "8a46d6e8-4bcd-44fb-d700-bb00e6cfc913"
      },
      "source": [
        "type(a)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "int"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 213
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "UH-zrc4fpWfZ",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        "a = \"Hello\""
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "kMYmDRb9pWfb",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 34
        },
        "outputId": "6cc3d8c8-11db-45c7-e3e5-e500e679872e"
      },
      "source": [
        "type(a)"
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "str"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {
            "tags": []
          },
          "execution_count": 215
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "AUwUHlCSpWfd",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "Unlike other languages type of one variable can change within q program"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Z-2qqtvMmCLk",
        "colab_type": "code",
        "colab": {}
      },
      "source": [
        ""
      ],
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    }
  ]
}