16. Python绘制时间线轮播多图.ipynb

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  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Python绘制时间线轮播多图"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "from pyecharts import options as opts\n",
    "from pyecharts.charts import Pie, Bar, Timeline"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1. 读取北京2019年天气数据"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "    }\n",
       "\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
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       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>ymd</th>\n",
       "      <th>bWendu</th>\n",
       "      <th>yWendu</th>\n",
       "      <th>tianqi</th>\n",
       "      <th>fengxiang</th>\n",
       "      <th>fengli</th>\n",
       "      <th>aqi</th>\n",
       "      <th>aqiInfo</th>\n",
       "      <th>aqiLevel</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>2019-01-01</td>\n",
       "      <td>1℃</td>\n",
       "      <td>-10℃</td>\n",
       "      <td>晴~多云</td>\n",
       "      <td>西北风</td>\n",
       "      <td>1级</td>\n",
       "      <td>56</td>\n",
       "      <td>良</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>2019-01-02</td>\n",
       "      <td>1℃</td>\n",
       "      <td>-9℃</td>\n",
       "      <td>多云</td>\n",
       "      <td>东北风</td>\n",
       "      <td>1级</td>\n",
       "      <td>60</td>\n",
       "      <td>良</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>2019-01-03</td>\n",
       "      <td>2℃</td>\n",
       "      <td>-7℃</td>\n",
       "      <td>霾</td>\n",
       "      <td>东北风</td>\n",
       "      <td>1级</td>\n",
       "      <td>165</td>\n",
       "      <td>中度污染</td>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          ymd bWendu yWendu tianqi fengxiang fengli  aqi aqiInfo  aqiLevel\n",
       "0  2019-01-01     1℃   -10℃   晴~多云       西北风     1级   56       良         2\n",
       "1  2019-01-02     1℃    -9℃     多云       东北风     1级   60       良         2\n",
       "2  2019-01-03     2℃    -7℃      霾       东北风     1级  165    中度污染         4"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.read_csv(\"./datas/beijing_tianqi/beijing_tianqi_2019.csv\")\n",
    "df.head(3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
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       "<div>\n",
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       "\n",
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       "    }\n",
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       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>ymd</th>\n",
       "      <th>bWendu</th>\n",
       "      <th>yWendu</th>\n",
       "      <th>tianqi</th>\n",
       "      <th>fengxiang</th>\n",
       "      <th>fengli</th>\n",
       "      <th>aqi</th>\n",
       "      <th>aqiInfo</th>\n",
       "      <th>aqiLevel</th>\n",
       "      <th>month</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>2019-01-01</td>\n",
       "      <td>1℃</td>\n",
       "      <td>-10℃</td>\n",
       "      <td>晴~多云</td>\n",
       "      <td>西北风</td>\n",
       "      <td>1级</td>\n",
       "      <td>56</td>\n",
       "      <td>良</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>2019-01-02</td>\n",
       "      <td>1℃</td>\n",
       "      <td>-9℃</td>\n",
       "      <td>多云</td>\n",
       "      <td>东北风</td>\n",
       "      <td>1级</td>\n",
       "      <td>60</td>\n",
       "      <td>良</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>2019-01-03</td>\n",
       "      <td>2℃</td>\n",
       "      <td>-7℃</td>\n",
       "      <td>霾</td>\n",
       "      <td>东北风</td>\n",
       "      <td>1级</td>\n",
       "      <td>165</td>\n",
       "      <td>中度污染</td>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          ymd bWendu yWendu tianqi fengxiang fengli  aqi aqiInfo  aqiLevel  \\\n",
       "0  2019-01-01     1℃   -10℃   晴~多云       西北风     1级   56       良         2   \n",
       "1  2019-01-02     1℃    -9℃     多云       东北风     1级   60       良         2   \n",
       "2  2019-01-03     2℃    -7℃      霾       东北风     1级  165    中度污染         4   \n",
       "\n",
       "   month  \n",
       "0      1  \n",
       "1      1  \n",
       "2      1  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df[\"month\"] = pd.to_datetime(df[\"ymd\"]).dt.month\n",
    "df.head(3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>month</th>\n",
       "      <th>tianqi</th>\n",
       "      <th>count</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>多云</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>多云~晴</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>晴</td>\n",
       "      <td>12</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>晴~多云</td>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>霾</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>霾~多云</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>霾~晴</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>多云</td>\n",
       "      <td>9</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>多云~晴</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>小雪~多云</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   month tianqi  count\n",
       "0      1     多云      9\n",
       "1      1   多云~晴      1\n",
       "2      1      晴     12\n",
       "3      1   晴~多云      4\n",
       "4      1      霾      3\n",
       "5      1   霾~多云      1\n",
       "6      1    霾~晴      1\n",
       "7      2     多云      9\n",
       "8      2   多云~晴      3\n",
       "9      2  小雪~多云      2"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 统计每个月份的每种天气出现次数\n",
    "df_agg = df.groupby([\"month\", \"tianqi\"]).size().reset_index()\n",
    "df_agg.columns = [\"month\", \"tianqi\", \"count\"]\n",
    "df_agg.head(10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[['晴', 12],\n",
       " ['多云', 9],\n",
       " ['晴~多云', 4],\n",
       " ['霾', 3],\n",
       " ['多云~晴', 1],\n",
       " ['霾~多云', 1],\n",
       " ['霾~晴', 1]]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# 怎样算出1月份的天气次数排名\n",
    "df_agg[df_agg[\"month\"]==1][[\"tianqi\", \"count\"]].sort_values(by=\"count\", ascending=False).values.tolist()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2. 按月变化-天气频率柱状图"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "timeline = Timeline()\n",
    "timeline.add_schema(play_interval=1000)\n",
    "for month in df_agg[\"month\"].unique():\n",
    "    data = (\n",
    "        df_agg[df_agg[\"month\"]==month][[\"tianqi\", \"count\"]]\n",
    "        .sort_values(by=\"count\", ascending=True)\n",
    "        .values.tolist()\n",
    "    )\n",
    "    \n",
    "    # 绘制柱状图\n",
    "    bar = Bar()\n",
    "   \n",
    "    # x轴是天气名称\n",
    "    bar.add_xaxis([x[0] for x in data])\n",
    "    # y轴是出现次数\n",
    "    bar.add_yaxis(\"\", [x[1] for x in data])\n",
    "    # 让柱状图横放\n",
    "    bar.reversal_axis()\n",
    "    bar.set_series_opts(label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(position=\"right\"))\n",
    "    bar.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title=\"北京每月天气变化\"))\n",
    "    \n",
    "    timeline.add(bar, f\"{month}月\")\n",
    "    \n",
    "timeline.render_notebook()"
   ]
  },
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