diff --git a/DESCRIPTION b/DESCRIPTION
index 118184fb9..e3e8d832d 100644
--- a/DESCRIPTION
+++ b/DESCRIPTION
@@ -30,6 +30,10 @@ SystemRequirements: 'libnng' >= 1.5 and 'libmbedtls' >= 2.5, or 'cmake' to
     compile NNG and/or Mbed TLS included in package sources
 Depends: 
     R (>= 3.5)
+Imports:
+    later
+LinkingTo: 
+    later
 Suggests: 
     knitr,
     markdown
diff --git a/NAMESPACE b/NAMESPACE
index a9f83b67f..385c06dcc 100644
--- a/NAMESPACE
+++ b/NAMESPACE
@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ S3method(print,recvAio)
 S3method(print,sendAio)
 S3method(print,tlsConfig)
 S3method(print,unresolvedValue)
+S3method(promises::as.promise,recvAio)
+S3method(promises::is.promising,recvAio)
 S3method(start,nanoDialer)
 S3method(start,nanoListener)
 export("%~>%")
@@ -96,6 +98,7 @@ export(until_)
 export(wait)
 export(wait_)
 export(write_cert)
+importFrom(later,later)
 importFrom(stats,start)
 importFrom(tools,md5sum)
 importFrom(utils,.DollarNames)
diff --git a/R/aio.R b/R/aio.R
index b0a610412..6a8119f53 100644
--- a/R/aio.R
+++ b/R/aio.R
@@ -118,7 +118,14 @@ recv_aio <- function(con,
                               "integer", "logical", "numeric", "raw", "string"),
                      timeout = NULL,
                      n = 65536L)
-  data <- .Call(rnng_recv_aio, con, mode, timeout, n, environment())
+  data <- .Call(rnng_recv_aio, con, mode, timeout, n, environment(),
+    function() {
+      cb <- data$callback
+      if (!is.null(cb)) {
+        cb(data)
+      }
+    }
+  )
 
 #' Receive Async and Signal a Condition
 #'
@@ -157,7 +164,58 @@ recv_aio_signal <- function(con,
                                      "integer", "logical", "numeric", "raw", "string"),
                             timeout = NULL,
                             n = 65536L)
-  data <- .Call(rnng_recv_aio_signal, con, cv, mode, timeout, n, environment())
+  data <- .Call(rnng_recv_aio_signal, con, cv, mode, timeout, n, environment(),
+    function() {
+      cb <- data$callback
+      if (!is.null(cb)) {
+        cb(data)
+      }
+    }
+  )
+
+#' @exportS3Method promises::is.promising
+is.promising.recvAio <- function(x) {
+  TRUE
+}
+
+#' @exportS3Method promises::as.promise
+as.promise.recvAio <- function(x) {
+  prom <- x$promise
+
+  if (is.null(prom)) {
+    prom <- promises::promise(function(resolve, reject) {
+      assign("callback", function(...) {
+
+        # WARNING: x$data is heavily side-effecty!
+        value <- x$data
+
+        if (is_error_value(value)) {
+          reject(simpleError(nng_error(value)))
+        } else {
+          resolve(value)
+        }
+      }, x)
+    })
+
+    # WARNING: x$data is heavily side-effecty!
+    value <- x$data
+
+    if (!inherits(value, "unresolvedValue")) {
+      if (is_error_value(value)) {
+        prom <- promises::promise_reject(simpleError(nng_error(value)))
+      } else {
+        prom <- promises::promise_resolve(value)
+      }
+    }
+
+    # Save for next time. This is not just an optimization but essential for
+    # correct behavior if as.promise is called multiple times, because only one
+    # `callback` can exist on the recvAio object at a time.
+    assign("promise", prom, x)
+  }
+
+  prom
+}
 
 # Core aio functions -----------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/R/nanonext-package.R b/R/nanonext-package.R
index fff6f714a..d39594d39 100644
--- a/R/nanonext-package.R
+++ b/R/nanonext-package.R
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@
 #' @importFrom stats start
 #' @importFrom tools md5sum
 #' @importFrom utils .DollarNames
+#' @importFrom later later
 #' @useDynLib nanonext, .registration = TRUE
 #'
 "_PACKAGE"
diff --git a/src/aio.c b/src/aio.c
index 97606f517..eb80a7823 100644
--- a/src/aio.c
+++ b/src/aio.c
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #define NANONEXT_SUPPLEMENTALS
 #define NANONEXT_SIGNALS
 #include "nanonext.h"
+#include "later_shim.h"
 
 // internals -------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -195,6 +196,21 @@ static void isaio_complete(void *arg) {
 
 }
 
+
+static void raio_invoke_cb(void* arg) {
+  nano_aio *raio = (nano_aio *) arg;
+  if (raio->cb == NULL || Rf_isNull(raio->cb)) return;
+  SEXP func = (SEXP)raio->cb;
+  SEXP callExpr, result;
+  if (!Rf_isNull(func)) {
+    PROTECT(callExpr = Rf_lcons(func, R_NilValue)); // Prepare call
+    PROTECT(result = Rf_eval(callExpr, R_GlobalEnv)); // Execute call
+
+    UNPROTECT(2);
+    R_ReleaseObject(func);
+  }
+}
+
 static void raio_complete(void *arg) {
 
   nano_aio *raio = (nano_aio *) arg;
@@ -210,6 +226,7 @@ static void raio_complete(void *arg) {
   raio->result = res - !res;
 #endif
 
+  later2(raio_invoke_cb, arg, 0);
 }
 
 static void raio_complete_signal(void *arg) {
@@ -229,6 +246,7 @@ static void raio_complete_signal(void *arg) {
   nng_cv_wake(cv);
   nng_mtx_unlock(mtx);
 
+  later2(raio_invoke_cb, arg, 0);
 }
 
 static void request_complete_signal(void *arg) {
@@ -709,7 +727,7 @@ SEXP rnng_send_aio(SEXP con, SEXP data, SEXP mode, SEXP timeout, SEXP clo) {
 }
 
 SEXP rnng_recv_aio_impl(const SEXP con, const SEXP mode, const SEXP timeout,
-                        const SEXP bytes, const SEXP clo, nano_cv *ncv) {
+                        const SEXP bytes, const SEXP clo, const SEXP cb, nano_cv *ncv) {
 
   const nng_duration dur = timeout == R_NilValue ? NNG_DURATION_DEFAULT : (nng_duration) Rf_asInteger(timeout);
   const int signal = ncv != NULL;
@@ -725,6 +743,12 @@ SEXP rnng_recv_aio_impl(const SEXP con, const SEXP mode, const SEXP timeout,
     raio->next = ncv;
     raio->type = RECVAIO;
     raio->mode = mod;
+    if (Rf_isNull(cb)) {
+      raio->cb = NULL;
+    } else {
+      R_PreserveObject(cb);
+      raio->cb = (void*)cb;
+    }
 
     if ((xc = nng_aio_alloc(&raio->aio, signal ? raio_complete_signal : raio_complete, raio)))
       goto exitlevel1;
@@ -791,19 +815,19 @@ SEXP rnng_recv_aio_impl(const SEXP con, const SEXP mode, const SEXP timeout,
 
 }
 
-SEXP rnng_recv_aio(SEXP con, SEXP mode, SEXP timeout, SEXP bytes, SEXP clo) {
+SEXP rnng_recv_aio(SEXP con, SEXP mode, SEXP timeout, SEXP bytes, SEXP clo, SEXP cb) {
 
-  return rnng_recv_aio_impl(con, mode, timeout, bytes, clo, NULL);
+  return rnng_recv_aio_impl(con, mode, timeout, bytes, clo, cb, NULL);
 
 }
 
-SEXP rnng_recv_aio_signal(SEXP con, SEXP cvar, SEXP mode, SEXP timeout, SEXP bytes, SEXP clo) {
+SEXP rnng_recv_aio_signal(SEXP con, SEXP cvar, SEXP mode, SEXP timeout, SEXP bytes, SEXP clo, SEXP cb) {
 
   if (R_ExternalPtrTag(cvar) != nano_CvSymbol)
     Rf_error("'cv' is not a valid Condition Variable");
   nano_cv *ncv = (nano_cv *) R_ExternalPtrAddr(cvar);
 
-  return rnng_recv_aio_impl(con, mode, timeout, bytes, clo, ncv);
+  return rnng_recv_aio_impl(con, mode, timeout, bytes, clo, cb, ncv);
 
 }
 
diff --git a/src/later_shim.cpp b/src/later_shim.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..62e90e173
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/later_shim.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include <later_api.h>
+
+extern "C" void later2(void (*func)(void*), void* data, double secs) {
+  later::later(func, data, secs);
+}
diff --git a/src/later_shim.h b/src/later_shim.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7a9345b47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/later_shim.h
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#ifndef LATER_SHIM_H
+#define LATER_SHIM_H
+
+// This is simply a shim so that later::later can be accessed from C, not C++
+void later2(void (*func)(void*), void* data, double secs);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/nanonext.h b/src/nanonext.h
index 74c43e633..24a868975 100644
--- a/src/nanonext.h
+++ b/src/nanonext.h
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ typedef struct nano_aio_s {
   int result;
   void *data;
   void *next;
+  void *cb;
 } nano_aio;
 
 typedef struct nano_cv_s {
@@ -250,8 +251,8 @@ SEXP rnng_protocol_open(SEXP, SEXP);
 SEXP rnng_random(SEXP, SEXP);
 SEXP rnng_reap(SEXP);
 SEXP rnng_recv(SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP);
-SEXP rnng_recv_aio(SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP);
-SEXP rnng_recv_aio_signal(SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP);
+SEXP rnng_recv_aio(SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP);
+SEXP rnng_recv_aio_signal(SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP);
 SEXP rnng_request(SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP);
 SEXP rnng_request_signal(SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP);
 SEXP rnng_send(SEXP, SEXP, SEXP, SEXP);