5 - Operators.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Operators are special symbols in Python that carry out arithmetic or logical computation. The value that the operator operates on is called the operand."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Operator Types"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "1. Arithmetic operators\n",
    "    \n",
    "2. Comparison (Relational) operators\n",
    "\n",
    "3. Logical (Boolean) operators\n",
    "\n",
    "4. Bitwise operators\n",
    "\n",
    "5. Assignment operators\n",
    "\n",
    "6. Special operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Arithmetic Operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication etc."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "    + , -, *, /, %, //, **  are arithmetic operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Example:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
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    {
     "name": "stdout",
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     "text": [
      "30\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x, y = 10, 20\n",
    "\n",
    "#addition\n",
    "print(x + y)\n",
    "\n",
    "#subtraction(-)\n",
    "\n",
    "#multiplication(*)\n",
    "\n",
    "#division(/)\n",
    "\n",
    "#modulo division (%)\n",
    "\n",
    "#Floor Division (//)\n",
    "\n",
    "#Exponent (**)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Comparision Operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Comparison operators are used to compare values. It either returns True or False according to the condition."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "    >, <, ==, !=, >=, <= are comparision operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "True\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, b = 10, 20         \n",
    "\n",
    "print(a < b)  #check a is less than b\n",
    "\n",
    "#check a is greater than b\n",
    "\n",
    "#check a is equal to b\n",
    "\n",
    "#check a is not equal to b (!=)\n",
    "\n",
    "#check a greater than or equal to b\n",
    "\n",
    "#check a less than or equal to b\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Logical Operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Logical operators are  **and, or, not** operators."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "False\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, b = True, False\n",
    "\n",
    "#print a and b\n",
    "print(a and b)\n",
    "\n",
    "#print a or b\n",
    "\n",
    "#print not b\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Bitwise operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Bitwise operators act on operands as if they were string of binary digits. It operates bit by bit"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "    &,  |,  ~,  ^,  >>,  << are Bitwise operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a, b = 10, 4\n",
    "\n",
    "#Bitwise AND\n",
    "print(a & b)\n",
    "\n",
    "#Bitwise OR\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "#Bitwise NOT\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "#Bitwise XOR\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "#Bitwise rightshift\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "#Bitwise Leftshift\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Assignment operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Assignment operators are used in Python to assign values to variables.\n",
    "\n",
    "a = 5 is a simple assignment operator that assigns the value 5 on the right to the variable a on the left."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "    =,  +=,  -=,  *=,  /=,  %=,  //=,  **=, &=,  |=,  ^=,  >>=,  <<= are Assignment operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "20\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 10\n",
    "\n",
    "a += 10         #add AND\n",
    "print(a)\n",
    "\n",
    "#subtract AND (-=)\n",
    "\n",
    "#Multiply AND (*=)\n",
    "\n",
    "#Divide AND (/=)\n",
    "\n",
    "#Modulus AND (%=)\n",
    "\n",
    "#Floor Division (//=)\n",
    "\n",
    "#Exponent AND (**=)\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Special Operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Identity Operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**is and is not** are the identity operators in Python. \n",
    "\n",
    "They are used to check if two values (or variables) are located on the same part of the memory."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "True\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 5\n",
    "b = 5\n",
    "print(a is b)    #5 is object created once both a and b points to same object\n",
    "\n",
    "#check is not"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "False\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l1 = [1, 2, 3]\n",
    "l2 = [1, 2, 3]\n",
    "print(l1 is l2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "False\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s1 = \"Rahul\"\n",
    "s2 = \"Rahul\"\n",
    "print(s1 is not s2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# MemberShip Operators"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "**in and not in** are the membership operators in Python. \n",
    "    \n",
    "They are used to test whether a value or variable is found in a sequence (string, list, tuple, set and   dictionary)."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "True\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lst = [1, 2, 3, 4]\n",
    "print(1 in lst)       #check 1 is present in a given list or not\n",
    "\n",
    "#check 5 is present in a given list\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "True\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d = {1: \"a\", 2: \"b\"}\n",
    "print(1 in d)"
   ]
  }
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