Include assertion that failed in STAN_OVERRIDE_EIGEN_ASSERT #4896

Job	Run time
mix fun and prob tests 2 (windows-11-arm)	40m 35s
mix fun and prob tests 4 (windows-11-arm)	33m 5s
mix fun and prob tests 5 (windows-11-arm)	1h 31m 53s
mix fun and prob tests 2 (windows-latest)	42m 51s
mix fun and prob tests 3 (windows-11-arm)	41m 5s
mix fun and prob tests 3 (windows-latest)	39m 54s
mix fun and prob tests 4 (windows-latest)	31m 24s
mix fun and prob tests 1 (windows-latest)	41m 0s
mix fun and prob tests 1 (windows-11-arm)	45m 47s
mix fun and prob tests 5 (windows-latest)	1h 40m 57s
mix fun and prob tests 1 (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	29m 36s
mix fun and prob tests 3 (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	29m 54s
mix fun and prob tests 4 (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	22m 41s
mix fun and prob tests 5 (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	1h 0m 26s
prim tests (windows-11-arm)	55m 20s
prim tests (windows-latest)	1h 34m 45s
misc tests (windows-11-arm)	8m 54s
mix fun and prob tests 2 (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	33m 16s
non-fun mix tests (windows-11-arm)	12m 41s
rev tests (windows-latest)	41m 23s
misc tests (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	3m 35s
non-fun mix tests (windows-latest)	11m 51s
fwd tests (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	4m 43s
rev tests (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	19m 12s
prim tests (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	44m 4s
rev tests (windows-11-arm)	28m 41s
misc tests (windows-latest)	5m 30s
fwd tests (windows-11-arm)	9m 11s
non-fun mix tests (ubuntu-24.04-arm)	5m 34s
fwd tests (windows-latest)	9m 37s
	17h 19m 25s

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