Use TypeScript in your Ember 2.x apps!
Just run:
ember install ember-cli-typescript@1
All dependencies will be added to your package.json
, and you're ready to roll!
(If you're upgrading from a previous release, you should check to merge any
tweaks you've made to tsconfig.json
.
In addition to ember-cli-typescript, the following are installed:
- Packages:
typescript
(2.4 or greater)@types/ember
@types/rsvp
@types/ember-testing-helpers
- Files:
ember-cli-typescript runs its test suite against the 2.4 LTS, the 2.8 LTS, the current release, the beta branch, and the canary branch. It's also in active use in several large applications. Any breakage for upcoming releases should be detected and fixed ahead of those releases, but you can help us guarantee that by running your own Ember.js+TypeScript app with beta and canary turned on and let us know if you run into issues with upcoming Ember.js releases.
If you make changes to the paths included in your tsconfig.json
, you will need
to restart the server to take the changes into account. Additionally, depending
on what you're doing, you may notice that your tweaks to tsconfig.json
aren't
applied exactly as you might expect.
The configuration file is used by both Ember CLI (via broccoli) and for tool integration in editors.
Broccoli controls the inputs and the output folder of the various build steps that make the Ember build pipeline. Its expectation are impacted by TypeScript configuration properties like "include", "exclude", "outFile", "outDir".
We want to allow you to change unrelated properties in the tsconfig file.
This addon takes the following approach to allow this dual use:
-
We generate a good default blueprint, which will give you type resolution in your editor for normal Ember.js paths. The generated tsconfig file does not set
"outDir"
and sets"noEmit"
totrue
. This allows you to run editors which use the compiler without creating.js
files throughout your codebase. -
Then, before calling broccoli, the addon:
- removes any configured
outDir
to avoid name resolution problems in the broccoli tree processing - sets the
noEmit
option tofalse
so that the compiler will emit files for consumption by your app - sets
allowJs
tofalse
, so that the TypeScript compiler does not try to process JavaScript files imported by TypeScript files in your app - removes all values set for
include
, since we use Broccoli to manage the build pipeline directly.
- removes any configured
You can still customize the tsconfig.json
file further for your use case. For
example, to see the output of the compilation in a separate folder you are
welcome to set "outDir"
to some path and set "noEmit"
to false
. Then tools
which use the TypeScript compiler will generate files at that location, while
the broccoli pipeline will continue to use its own temp folder.
If you are porting an existing app to TypeScript, you can install this addon and
migrate your files incrementally by changing their extensions from .js
to
.ts
. A good approach is to start at your leaf files and then work your way
up. As TypeScript starts to find errors, make sure to celebrate your (small)
wins with your team, specially if some people are not convinced yet. We would
also love to hear your stories!
You may also find the blog series "Typing Your Ember" helpful as it walks you through not only how to install but how to most effectively use TypeScript in an Ember app today, and gives some important info on the background and roadmap for the project.
Along with the @types/ files mentioned above, ember-cli-typescript adds a
starter interface for config/environment.js
in config/environment.d.ts
.
This interface will likely require some changes to match your app.
We're working on making a solution that lets us ship generated typings and compiled JavaScript instead of shipping the entire TypeScript compiler toolchain for add-ons. If you're using ember-cli-typescript in an add-on, you might add a note to your users about the install size until we get that sorted out!
If you want to experiment with this in the meantime, you can do so, but please
give users fair warning about the increased size. To enable TypeScript for your
addon, simple move ember-cli-typescript
from devDependencies
to
dependencies
in your package.json
.
While TS already works nicely for many things in Ember, there are a number of corners where it won't help you out. Some of them are just a matter of further work on updating the existing typings; others are a matter of further support landing in TypeScript itself.
We are hard at work (and would welcome your help!) writing new typings for Ember and the surrounding ecosystem. If you'd like to try those out, please see instructions in that repo!
Here is the short list of things which do not work yet in the version of the typings published on DefinitelyTyped.
You'll frequently see errors for imports which TypeScript doesn't know how to
resolve. For example, if you use Ember Concurrency today and try to import its
task
helper:
import { task } from 'ember-concurrency';
You'll see an error, because there aren't yet type definitions for it. You may see the same with some addons as well. These won't stop the build from working; they just mean TypeScript doesn't know where to find those.
Writing these missing type definitions is a great way to pitch in! Jump in #topic-typescript on the Ember Slack and we'll be happy to help you.
TypeScript won't detect a mismatch between this action and the corresponding call in the template:
Ember.Component.extend({
actions: {
turnWheel(degrees: number) {
// ...
}
},
})
Likewise, it won't notice a problem when you use the send
method:
// TypeScript compiler won't detect this type mismatch
this.send('turnWheel', 'ALSO-NOT-A-NUMBER');
By default the typescript compiler loads up any type definitions found in
node_modules/@types
. If the type defs you need are not found here you can
register a custom value in paths
in the tsconfig.json
file. For example, for
the Redux types, you can add a "redux"
key:
{
"compilerOptions": {
"paths": {
"my-app-name/*": ["app/*"],
"redux": ["node_modules/redux/index.d.ts"]
}
}
}