self-profile: add LD_PRELOAD Support

[yskelg]

This code is a simple implementation of my idea in #1 , with a focus on making the self-profile's portability.
It seems useful, even if there's a call to the main function, because This method seems to reduce overhead compared to using perf record directly. We can directly insert the code according to its original purpose.

Here are the test results from my Raspberry Pi 5, gcc version 12.2.0 (Debian 12.2.0-14)

$ uname -a
Linux paran 6.10.1-v8-16k+ #1 SMP PREEMPT Sat Jul 27 17:52:03 KST 2024 aarch64 GNU/Linux

$ make run
export PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES=1; ./test_profile
Sorting...
00: { "H", 107, 0.900000 }
01: { "I", 111, 0.900000 }
02: { "G", 117, 0.900000 }
03: { "E", 127, 0.900000 }
04: { "F", 147, 0.900000 }
05: { "A", 157, 0.900000 }
06: { "K", 157, 0.900000 }
07: { "L", 157, 0.900000 }
08: { "M", 157, 0.900000 }
09: { "N", 157, 0.900000 }
10: { "O", 157, 0.900000 }
11: { "P", 157, 0.900000 }
12: { "Z", 157, 0.900000 }
13: { "C", 175, 0.900000 }
14: { "J", 227, 0.900000 }
15: { "B", 517, 0.900000 }
16: { "D", 571, 0.900000 }
PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES(0): 7970
export PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES=1; LD_PRELOAD=self-profile.so ./preload_test_profile
Sorting...
PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES(0): 7444
export PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES=1; LD_PRELOAD=self-profile.so ./bsearch
Sorting...
PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES(0): 6779