GH-48342: [R] Turn off gcs by default, also if it is on, bundle.

[jonkeane]

Rationale for this change

Building GCS is fragile in places and we're not sure how many (if anyone) really needs GCS. So let's turn it off by default and get some signal that folks want it back (also hopefully by that time we're on a more modern ABSL)

What changes are included in this PR?

Turn off GCS by default in R builds, also bundle when it is enabled.

Are these changes tested?

Are there any user-facing changes?

No more GCS by default

• GitHub Issue: [R] Turn off GCS by default #48342

[nealrichardson]

@jonkeane Is it still on in the libarrow binaries we build?

[jonkeane]

@jonkeane Is it still on in the libarrow binaries we build?

Yes, but I'll run a build to check + confirm https://github.com/jonkeane/arrow/blob/2360a0c82c89581bbc9bc669544b24c0c57ea886/dev/tasks/r/github.packages.yml#L86

[jonkeane]

@github-actions crossbow submit r-binary-packages

[github-actions]

Revision: 2360a0c

Submitted crossbow builds: ursacomputing/crossbow @ actions-85181bb671

Task	Status
r-binary-packages

[jonkeane]

And confirmed:

Linux: https://github.com/ursacomputing/crossbow/actions/runs/19967441594/job/57263039709#step:6:979
MacOS: https://github.com/ursacomputing/crossbow/actions/runs/19967441594/job/57263039764#step:5:691

[nealrichardson]

Are there any docs we need to update about what is on by default (on CRAN or otherwise)?

[jonkeane]

Are there any docs we need to update about what is on by default (on CRAN or otherwise)?

We have an ambiguous statement that it might not be enabled at https://arrow.apache.org/docs/r/articles/fs.html#s3-and-gcs-support-on-linux which is all still accurate (and honestly was slightly less accurate before this).

I'm going to create a new issue as a follow on because I think we want to look at what the right story for "install arrow with all the bells and whistles" is.