Add project ID flag support in CLI (issue: #12113)

[igor-dabrowski-affirm]

• Introduce --project-id flag to override dbt Cloud project ID
• Update main.py to include project_id decorator
• Modify requires.py to set project ID in dbt_cloud if provided

Resolves #12113
I could not properly test it - it is my first open-source commit. Would appreciate the check or guidance how I can do it as I was getting errors trying to set up testing env following the docs.

Problem

Hardcoded dbt-cloud project-id number in the dbt_project.yml making it very difficult to run the same repo against different dbt cloud projects.

Solution

This PR solves the issue by adding the --project-id flag and enable teams to use it to run dbt project against different cloud projects via cli.

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me.
• I have run this code in development, and it appears to resolve the stated issue.
• This PR includes tests, or tests are not required or relevant for this PR.
• This PR has no interface changes (e.g., macros, CLI, logs, JSON artifacts, config files, adapter interface, etc.) or this PR has already received feedback and approval from Product or DX.
• This PR includes type annotations for new and modified functions.

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