Potentially optimize dot4{I,U}8Packed on Metal

This might allow the Metal compiler to emit faster code (but that's not
confirmed). See
<gpuweb/gpuweb#2677 (comment)>
for the optimization. The limitation to Metal 2.1+ is discussed here:
<#7574 (comment)>.

Author: robamler

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ Bottom level categories:
 
 Naga now infers the correct binding layout when a resource appears only in an assignment to `_`. By @andyleiserson in [#7540](https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/pull/7540).
 
-- Implement `dot4U8Packed` and `dot4I8Packed` for all backends, using specialized intrinsics on SPIR-V and HSLS if available, and polyfills everywhere else. By @robamler in [#7494](https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/pull/7494) and [#7574](https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/pull/7574).
+- Implement `dot4U8Packed` and `dot4I8Packed` for all backends, using specialized intrinsics on SPIR-V, HSLS, and Metal if available, and polyfills everywhere else. By @robamler in [#7494](https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/pull/7494), [#7574](https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/pull/7574), and [#7653](https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/pull/7653).
 - Add polyfilled `pack4x{I,U}8Clamped` built-ins to all backends and WGSL frontend. By @ErichDonGubler in [#7546](https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/pull/7546).
 - Allow textureLoad's sample index arg to be unsigned. By @jimblandy in [#7625](https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/pull/7625).
 - Properly convert arguments to atomic operations. By @jimblandy in [#7573](https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/pull/7573).

naga/src/back/msl/writer.rs

@@ -121,6 +121,9 @@ const fn scalar_is_int(scalar: crate::Scalar) -> bool {
 /// Prefix for cached clamped level-of-detail values for `ImageLoad` expressions.
 const CLAMPED_LOD_LOAD_PREFIX: &str = "clamped_lod_e";
 
+/// Prefix for reinterpreted expressions using `as_type<T>(...)`.
+const REINTERPRET_PREFIX: &str = "reinterpreted_";
+
 /// Wrapper for identifier names for clamped level-of-detail values
 ///
 /// Values of this type implement [`core::fmt::Display`], formatting as
@@ -156,6 +159,30 @@ impl Display for ArraySizeMember {
     }
 }
 
+/// Wrapper for reinterpreted variables using `as_type<target_type>(orig)`.
+///
+/// Implements [`core::fmt::Display`], formatting as a name derived from
+/// `target_type` and the variable name of `orig`.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+struct Reinterpreted<'a> {
+    target_type: &'a str,
+    orig: Handle<crate::Expression>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> Reinterpreted<'a> {
+    const fn new(target_type: &'a str, orig: Handle<crate::Expression>) -> Self {
+        Self { target_type, orig }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Display for Reinterpreted<'_> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
+        f.write_str(REINTERPRET_PREFIX)?;
+        f.write_str(self.target_type)?;
+        self.orig.write_prefixed(f, "_e")
+    }
+}
+
 struct TypeContext<'a> {
     handle: Handle<crate::Type>,
     gctx: proc::GlobalCtx<'a>,
@@ -1470,14 +1497,14 @@ impl<W: Write> Writer<W> {
 
     /// Emit code for the arithmetic expression of the dot product.
     ///
-    /// The argument `extractor` is a function that accepts a `Writer`, a handle to a vector,
-    /// and an index. writes out the expression for the component at that index.
-    fn put_dot_product(
+    /// The argument `extractor` is a function that accepts a `Writer`, a vector, and
+    /// an index. It writes out the expression for the vector component at that index.
+    fn put_dot_product<T: Copy>(
         &mut self,
-        arg: Handle<crate::Expression>,
-        arg1: Handle<crate::Expression>,
+        arg: T,
+        arg1: T,
         size: usize,
-        extractor: impl Fn(&mut Self, Handle<crate::Expression>, usize) -> BackendResult,
+        extractor: impl Fn(&mut Self, T, usize) -> BackendResult,
     ) -> BackendResult {
         // Write parentheses around the dot product expression to prevent operators
         // with different precedences from applying earlier.
@@ -2206,27 +2233,53 @@ impl<W: Write> Writer<W> {
                         ),
                     },
                     fun @ (Mf::Dot4I8Packed | Mf::Dot4U8Packed) => {
-                        let conversion = match fun {
-                            Mf::Dot4I8Packed => "int",
-                            Mf::Dot4U8Packed => "",
-                            _ => unreachable!(),
-                        };
+                        if context.lang_version >= (2, 1) {
+                            // Write potentially optimizable code using `packed_(u?)char4`.
+                            // The two function arguments were already reinterpreted as packed (signed
+                            // or unsigned) chars in `Self::put_block`.
+                            let packed_type = match fun {
+                                Mf::Dot4I8Packed => "packed_char4",
+                                Mf::Dot4U8Packed => "packed_uchar4",
+                                _ => unreachable!(),
+                            };
 
-                        return self.put_dot_product(
-                            arg,
-                            arg1.unwrap(),
-                            4,
-                            |writer, arg, index| {
-                                write!(writer.out, "({}(", conversion)?;
-                                writer.put_expression(arg, context, true)?;
-                                if index == 3 {
-                                    write!(writer.out, ") >> 24)")?;
-                                } else {
-                                    write!(writer.out, ") << {} >> 24)", (3 - index) * 8)?;
-                                }
-                                Ok(())
-                            },
-                        );
+                            return self.put_dot_product(
+                                Reinterpreted::new(packed_type, arg),
+                                Reinterpreted::new(packed_type, arg1.unwrap()),
+                                4,
+                                |writer, arg, index| {
+                                    // MSL implicitly promotes these (signed or unsigned) chars to
+                                    // `int` or `uint` in the multiplication, so no overflow can occur.
+                                    write!(writer.out, "{arg}[{index}]")?;
+                                    Ok(())
+                                },
+                            );
+                        } else {
+                            // Fall back to a polyfill since MSL < 2.1 doesn't seem to support
+                            // bitcasting from uint to `packed_char4` or `packed_uchar4`.
+                            // See <https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/pull/7574#issuecomment-2835464472>.
+                            let conversion = match fun {
+                                Mf::Dot4I8Packed => "int",
+                                Mf::Dot4U8Packed => "",
+                                _ => unreachable!(),
+                            };
+
+                            return self.put_dot_product(
+                                arg,
+                                arg1.unwrap(),
+                                4,
+                                |writer, arg, index| {
+                                    write!(writer.out, "({}(", conversion)?;
+                                    writer.put_expression(arg, context, true)?;
+                                    if index == 3 {
+                                        write!(writer.out, ") >> 24)")?;
+                                    } else {
+                                        write!(writer.out, ") << {} >> 24)", (3 - index) * 8)?;
+                                    }
+                                    Ok(())
+                                },
+                            );
+                        }
                     }
                     Mf::Outer => return Err(Error::UnsupportedCall(format!("{fun:?}"))),
                     Mf::Cross => "cross",
@@ -3362,17 +3415,62 @@ impl<W: Write> Writer<W> {
             match *statement {
                 crate::Statement::Emit(ref range) => {
                     for handle in range.clone() {
-                        // `ImageLoad` expressions covered by the `Restrict` bounds check policy
-                        // may need to cache a clamped version of their level-of-detail argument.
-                        if let crate::Expression::ImageLoad {
-                            image,
-                            level: mip_level,
-                            ..
-                        } = context.expression.function.expressions[handle]
-                        {
-                            self.put_cache_restricted_level(
-                                handle, image, mip_level, level, context,
-                            )?;
+                        use crate::MathFunction as Mf;
+
+                        match context.expression.function.expressions[handle] {
+                            // `ImageLoad` expressions covered by the `Restrict` bounds check policy
+                            // may need to cache a clamped version of their level-of-detail argument.
+                            crate::Expression::ImageLoad {
+                                image,
+                                level: mip_level,
+                                ..
+                            } => {
+                                self.put_cache_restricted_level(
+                                    handle, image, mip_level, level, context,
+                                )?;
+                            }
+
+                            // If we are going to write a `Dot4I8Packed` or `Dot4U8Packed` on Metal
+                            // 2.1+ then we introduce two intermediate variables that recast the two
+                            // arguments as packed (signed or unsigned) chars. The actual dot product
+                            // is implemented in `Self::put_expression`, and it uses both of these
+                            // intermediate variables multiple times. There's no danger that the
+                            // original arguments get modified between the definition of these
+                            // intermediate variables and the implementation of the actual dot
+                            // product since we require the inputs of `Dot4{I, U}Packed` to be baked.
+                            crate::Expression::Math {
+                                fun: fun @ (Mf::Dot4I8Packed | Mf::Dot4U8Packed),
+                                arg,
+                                arg1,
+                                ..
+                            } => {
+                                if context.expression.lang_version >= (2, 1) {
+                                    let arg1 = arg1.unwrap();
+                                    let packed_type = match fun {
+                                        Mf::Dot4I8Packed => "packed_char4",
+                                        Mf::Dot4U8Packed => "packed_uchar4",
+                                        _ => unreachable!(),
+                                    };
+
+                                    write!(
+                                        self.out,
+                                        "{level}{packed_type} {0} = as_type<{packed_type}>(",
+                                        Reinterpreted::new(packed_type, arg)
+                                    )?;
+                                    self.put_expression(arg, &context.expression, true)?;
+                                    writeln!(self.out, ");")?;
+
+                                    write!(
+                                        self.out,
+                                        "{level}{packed_type} {0} = as_type<{packed_type}>(",
+                                        Reinterpreted::new(packed_type, arg1)
+                                    )?;
+                                    self.put_expression(arg1, &context.expression, true)?;
+                                    writeln!(self.out, ");")?;
+                                }
+                            }
+
+                            _ => (),
                         }
 
                         let ptr_class = context.expression.resolve_type(handle).pointer_space();

naga/tests/in/wgsl/functions-optimized-by-version.toml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-# Turn on optimizations for `dot4I8Packed` and `dot4U8Packed` on SPIR-V and HLSL by
-# using a version of SPIR-V / shader model that supports these without any extensions.
+# Turn on optimizations for `dot4I8Packed` and `dot4U8Packed` on SPIR-V, HLSL, and Metal
+# by using a language version / shader model that supports these (without any extensions).
 
-targets = "SPIRV | HLSL"
+targets = "SPIRV | HLSL | METAL"
 
 [spv]
 # We also need to provide the corresponding capabilities (which are part of SPIR-V >= 1.6).
@@ -10,3 +10,6 @@ version = [1, 6]
 
 [hlsl]
 shader_model = "V6_4"
+
+[msl]
+lang_version = [2, 1]

naga/tests/in/wgsl/functions-unoptimized.toml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Explicitly turn off optimizations for `dot4I8Packed` and `dot4U8Packed`
-# on SPIRV and HLSL.
+# on SPIRV, HLSL, and Metal.
 
-targets = "SPIRV | HLSL"
+targets = "SPIRV | HLSL | METAL"
 
 [spv]
 # Provide some unrelated capability because an empty list of capabilities would
@@ -11,3 +11,6 @@ capabilities = ["Matrix"]
 
 [hlsl]
 shader_model = "V6_3"
+
+[msl]
+lang_version = [2, 0]

naga/tests/out/msl/wgsl-functions-optimized-by-version.msl

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// language: metal2.1
+#include <metal_stdlib>
+#include <simd/simd.h>
+
+using metal::uint;
+
+
+uint test_packed_integer_dot_product(
+) {
+    packed_char4 reinterpreted_packed_char4_e0 = as_type<packed_char4>(1u);
+    packed_char4 reinterpreted_packed_char4_e1 = as_type<packed_char4>(2u);
+    int c_5_ = ( + reinterpreted_packed_char4_e0[0] * reinterpreted_packed_char4_e1[0] + reinterpreted_packed_char4_e0[1] * reinterpreted_packed_char4_e1[1] + reinterpreted_packed_char4_e0[2] * reinterpreted_packed_char4_e1[2] + reinterpreted_packed_char4_e0[3] * reinterpreted_packed_char4_e1[3]);
+    packed_uchar4 reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e3 = as_type<packed_uchar4>(3u);
+    packed_uchar4 reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e4 = as_type<packed_uchar4>(4u);
+    uint c_6_ = ( + reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e3[0] * reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e4[0] + reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e3[1] * reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e4[1] + reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e3[2] * reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e4[2] + reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e3[3] * reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e4[3]);
+    uint _e7 = 5u + c_6_;
+    uint _e9 = 6u + c_6_;
+    packed_char4 reinterpreted_packed_char4_e7 = as_type<packed_char4>(_e7);
+    packed_char4 reinterpreted_packed_char4_e9 = as_type<packed_char4>(_e9);
+    int c_7_ = ( + reinterpreted_packed_char4_e7[0] * reinterpreted_packed_char4_e9[0] + reinterpreted_packed_char4_e7[1] * reinterpreted_packed_char4_e9[1] + reinterpreted_packed_char4_e7[2] * reinterpreted_packed_char4_e9[2] + reinterpreted_packed_char4_e7[3] * reinterpreted_packed_char4_e9[3]);
+    uint _e12 = 7u + c_6_;
+    uint _e14 = 8u + c_6_;
+    packed_uchar4 reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e12 = as_type<packed_uchar4>(_e12);
+    packed_uchar4 reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e14 = as_type<packed_uchar4>(_e14);
+    uint c_8_ = ( + reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e12[0] * reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e14[0] + reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e12[1] * reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e14[1] + reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e12[2] * reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e14[2] + reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e12[3] * reinterpreted_packed_uchar4_e14[3]);
+    return c_8_;
+}
+
+kernel void main_(
+) {
+    uint _e0 = test_packed_integer_dot_product();
+    return;
+}

naga/tests/out/msl/wgsl-functions-unoptimized.msl

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// language: metal2.0
+#include <metal_stdlib>
+#include <simd/simd.h>
+
+using metal::uint;
+
+
+uint test_packed_integer_dot_product(
+) {
+    int c_5_ = ( + (int(1u) << 24 >> 24) * (int(2u) << 24 >> 24) + (int(1u) << 16 >> 24) * (int(2u) << 16 >> 24) + (int(1u) << 8 >> 24) * (int(2u) << 8 >> 24) + (int(1u) >> 24) * (int(2u) >> 24));
+    uint c_6_ = ( + ((3u) << 24 >> 24) * ((4u) << 24 >> 24) + ((3u) << 16 >> 24) * ((4u) << 16 >> 24) + ((3u) << 8 >> 24) * ((4u) << 8 >> 24) + ((3u) >> 24) * ((4u) >> 24));
+    uint _e7 = 5u + c_6_;
+    uint _e9 = 6u + c_6_;
+    int c_7_ = ( + (int(_e7) << 24 >> 24) * (int(_e9) << 24 >> 24) + (int(_e7) << 16 >> 24) * (int(_e9) << 16 >> 24) + (int(_e7) << 8 >> 24) * (int(_e9) << 8 >> 24) + (int(_e7) >> 24) * (int(_e9) >> 24));
+    uint _e12 = 7u + c_6_;
+    uint _e14 = 8u + c_6_;
+    uint c_8_ = ( + ((_e12) << 24 >> 24) * ((_e14) << 24 >> 24) + ((_e12) << 16 >> 24) * ((_e14) << 16 >> 24) + ((_e12) << 8 >> 24) * ((_e14) << 8 >> 24) + ((_e12) >> 24) * ((_e14) >> 24));
+    return c_8_;
+}
+
+kernel void main_(
+) {
+    uint _e0 = test_packed_integer_dot_product();
+    return;
+}