Replaced PUB socket with XPUB socket

ipykernel/inprocess/ipkernel.py

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class InProcessKernel(IPythonKernel):
 
     @default("iopub_thread")
     def _default_iopub_thread(self):
-        thread = IOPubThread(self._underlying_iopub_socket)
+        thread = IOPubThread(self._underlying_iopub_socket, self.session)
         thread.start()
         return thread
 

ipykernel/iostream.py

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ class IOPubThread:
     whose IO is always run in a thread.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, socket, pipe=False):
+    def __init__(self, socket, session=None, pipe=False):
         """Create IOPub thread
 
         Parameters
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ def __init__(self, socket, pipe=False):
             piped from subprocesses.
         """
         self.socket = socket
+        self.session = session
         self._stopped = False
         self.background_socket = BackgroundSocket(self)
         self._master_pid = os.getpid()
@@ -73,12 +74,82 @@ def __init__(self, socket, pipe=False):
         self._event_pipe_gc_seconds: float = 10
         self._event_pipe_gc_task: asyncio.Task[Any] | None = None
         self._setup_event_pipe()
+        self._setup_xpub_listener()
         self.thread = threading.Thread(target=self._thread_main, name="IOPub")
         self.thread.daemon = True
         self.thread.pydev_do_not_trace = True  # type:ignore[attr-defined]
         self.thread.is_pydev_daemon_thread = True  # type:ignore[attr-defined]
         self.thread.name = "IOPub"
 
+    def _setup_xpub_listener(self):
+        """Setup listener for XPUB subscription events"""
+
+        # Checks the socket is not a DummySocket
+        if not hasattr(self.socket, "getsockopt"):
+            return
+
+        socket_type = self.socket.getsockopt(zmq.TYPE)
+        if socket_type == zmq.XPUB:
+            self._xpub_stream = ZMQStream(self.socket, self.io_loop)
+            self._xpub_stream.on_recv(self._handle_subscription)
+
+    def _handle_subscription(self, frames):
+        """Handle subscription/unsubscription events from XPUB socket
+
+        XPUB sockets receive:
+        - subscribe:  single frame with b'\\x01' + topic
+        - unsubscribe: single frame with b'\\x00' + topic
+        """
+
+        for frame in frames:
+            event_type = frame[0]
+            if event_type == 1:
+                subscription = frame[1:] if len(frame) > 1 else b""
+                try:
+                    subscription_str = subscription.decode("utf-8")
+                except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                    continue
+                self._send_welcome_message(subscription_str)
+
+    def _send_welcome_message(self, subscription):
+        """Send iopub_welcome message for new subscription
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        subscription : str
+            The subscription topic (UTF-8 decoded)
+        """
+
+        # TODO: This early return is for backward-compatibility with ipyparallel.
+        # This should be removed when ipykernel has been released with support of
+        # xpub and ipyparallel has been updated to pass the session parameter
+        # to IOPubThread upon construction.
+        # (NB: the call to fix is here:
+        # https://github.com/ipython/ipyparallel/blob/main/ipyparallel/engine/app.py#L679
+        if self.session is None:
+            return
+
+        content = {"subscription": subscription}
+
+        header = self.session.msg_header("iopub_welcome")
+        msg = {
+            "header": header,
+            "parent_header": {},
+            "metadata": {},
+            "content": content,
+            "buffers": [],
+        }
+
+        msg_list = self.session.serialize(msg)
+
+        if subscription:
+            identity = subscription.encode("utf-8")
+            full_msg = [identity, *msg_list]
+        else:
+            full_msg = msg_list
+        # Send directly on socket (we're already in IO thread context)
+        self.socket.send_multipart(full_msg)
+
     def _thread_main(self):
         """The inner loop that's actually run in a thread"""
 
@@ -447,7 +518,7 @@ def __init__(
                 DeprecationWarning,
                 stacklevel=2,
             )
-            pub_thread = IOPubThread(pub_thread)
+            pub_thread = IOPubThread(pub_thread, self.session)
             pub_thread.start()
         self.pub_thread = pub_thread
         self.name = name

ipykernel/kernelapp.py

@@ -377,12 +377,12 @@ def init_control(self, context):
 
     def init_iopub(self, context):
         """Initialize the iopub channel."""
-        self.iopub_socket = context.socket(zmq.PUB)
+        self.iopub_socket = context.socket(zmq.XPUB)
         self.iopub_socket.linger = 1000
         self.iopub_port = self._bind_socket(self.iopub_socket, self.iopub_port)
         self.log.debug("iopub PUB Channel on port: %i", self.iopub_port)
         self.configure_tornado_logger()
-        self.iopub_thread = IOPubThread(self.iopub_socket, pipe=True)
+        self.iopub_thread = IOPubThread(self.iopub_socket, self.session, pipe=True)
         self.iopub_thread.start()
         # backward-compat: wrap iopub socket API in background thread
         self.iopub_socket = self.iopub_thread.background_socket

tests/conftest.py

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class KernelMixin:
 
     def _initialize(self):
         self.context = context = zmq.Context()
-        self.iopub_socket = context.socket(zmq.PUB)
+        self.iopub_socket = context.socket(zmq.XPUB)
         self.stdin_socket = context.socket(zmq.ROUTER)
         self.session = Session()
         self.test_sockets = [self.iopub_socket]

tests/test_io.py

@@ -26,8 +26,9 @@ def ctx():
 
 @pytest.fixture()
 def iopub_thread(ctx):
+    session = Session()
     with ctx.socket(zmq.PUB) as pub:
-        thread = IOPubThread(pub)
+        thread = IOPubThread(pub, session)
         thread.start()
 
         yield thread
@@ -155,7 +156,7 @@ def subprocess_test_echo_watch():
     # use PUSH socket to avoid subscription issues
     with zmq.Context() as ctx, ctx.socket(zmq.PUSH) as pub:
         pub.connect(os.environ["IOPUB_URL"])
-        iopub_thread = IOPubThread(pub)
+        iopub_thread = IOPubThread(pub, session)
         iopub_thread.start()
         stdout_fd = sys.stdout.fileno()
         sys.stdout.flush()