DOCSP-34008: Split large change events

source/fundamentals/crud/read-operations/change-streams.txt

@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ for only specified change events. Create the pipeline by using the
 You can specify the following aggregation stages in the ``pipeline`` parameter:
 
 - ``$addFields``
+- ``$changeStreamSplitLargeEvent``
 - ``$match``
 - ``$project``
 - ``$replaceRoot``
@@ -119,9 +120,19 @@ You can specify the following aggregation stages in the ``pipeline`` parameter:
 - ``$set``
 - ``$unset``
 
-To learn how to build an aggregation pipeline by using the
-``PipelineDefinitionBuilder`` class, see :ref:`csharp-builders-aggregation` in
-the Operations with Builders guide.
+.. tip::
+
+   To learn how to build an aggregation pipeline by using the
+   ``PipelineDefinitionBuilder`` class, see :ref:`csharp-builders-aggregation` in
+   the Operations with Builders guide.
+
+   To learn more about modifying your change stream output, see the
+   :manual:`Modify Change Stream Output
+   </changeStreams/#modify-change-stream-output>` section in the {+mdb-server+}
+   manual.
+
+Monitor Update Events Example
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 The following example uses the ``pipeline`` parameter to open a change stream
 that records only update operations. Select the :guilabel:`Asynchronous` or :guilabel:`Synchronous` tab to see the
@@ -145,10 +156,64 @@ corresponding code.
          :end-before: end-change-stream-pipeline
          :language: csharp
 
-To learn more about modifying your change stream output, see the
-:manual:`Modify Change Stream Output
-</changeStreams/#modify-change-stream-output>` section in the {+mdb-server+}
-manual.
+Split Large Change Events Example
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If your application generates change events that exceed 16 MB in size, the
+{+driver-short+} returns an error. To avoid this error, you can use
+the ``$changeStreamSplitLargeEvent`` pipeline stage to split the events
+into smaller fragments.
+
+After you receive the change stream event fragments, you can use the
+following helper methods to reassemble the fragments into a single
+change stream document: 
+
+.. tabs::
+
+   .. tab:: Asynchronous
+      :tabid: split-event-helpers-async
+
+      .. literalinclude:: /includes/code-examples/change-streams/change-streams.cs
+         :start-after: start-split-event-helpers-async
+         :end-before: end-split-event-helpers-async
+         :language: csharp
+
+   .. tab:: Synchronous
+      :tabid: split-event-helpers-sync
+
+      .. literalinclude:: /includes/code-examples/change-streams/change-streams.cs
+         :start-after: start-split-event-helpers-sync
+         :end-before: end-split-event-helpers-sync
+         :language: csharp
+
+This example instructs the driver to watch for changes and split
+change events that exceed the 16 MB limit. The code prints the
+change document for each event and calls the preceding helper methods to
+reassemble any event fragments:
+
+.. tabs::
+
+   .. tab:: Asynchronous
+      :tabid: change-stream-split-async
+
+      .. literalinclude:: /includes/code-examples/change-streams/change-streams.cs
+         :start-after: start-split-change-event-async
+         :end-before: end-split-change-event-async
+         :language: csharp
+
+   .. tab:: Synchronous
+      :tabid: change-stream-split-sync
+
+      .. literalinclude:: /includes/code-examples/change-streams/change-streams.cs
+         :start-after: start-split-change-event-sync
+         :end-before: end-split-change-event-sync
+         :language: csharp
+
+.. tip::
+
+   To learn more about splitting large change events, see the
+   :manual:`$changeStreamSplitLargeEvent </reference/operator/aggregation/changeStreamSplitLargeEvent/>`
+   page in the {+mdb-server+} manual.
 
 Modify ``Watch()`` Behavior
 ---------------------------

source/includes/code-examples/change-streams/change-streams.cs

@@ -65,6 +65,115 @@ await cursor.ForEachAsync(change =>
 }
 // end-change-stream-pipeline
 
+// start-split-event-helpers-sync
+// Fetches the next complete change stream event
+private static ChangeStreamDocument<TDocument> GetNextChangeStreamEvent<TDocument>(
+    IEnumerator<ChangeStreamDocument<TDocument>> changeStreamEnumerator)
+{
+    var changeStreamEvent = changeStreamEnumerator.Current;
+
+    // Reassembles change event fragments if the event is split
+    if (changeStreamEvent.SplitEvent != null)
+    {
+        var fragment = changeStreamEvent;
+        while (fragment.SplitEvent.Fragment < fragment.SplitEvent.Of)
+        {
+            changeStreamEnumerator.MoveNext();
+            fragment = changeStreamEnumerator.Current;
+            MergeFragment(changeStreamEvent, fragment);
+        }
+    }
+    return changeStreamEvent;
+}
+
+// Merges a fragment into the base event
+private static void MergeFragment<TDocument>(
+    ChangeStreamDocument<TDocument> changeStreamEvent,
+    ChangeStreamDocument<TDocument> fragment)
+{
+    foreach (var element in fragment.BackingDocument)
+    {
+        if (element.Name != "_id" && element.Name != "splitEvent")
+        {
+            changeStreamEvent.BackingDocument[element.Name] = element.Value; 
+        }
+    }
+}
+// end-split-event-helpers-sync
+
+// start-split-event-helpers-async
+// Fetches the next complete change stream event
+private static async Task<ChangeStreamDocument<TDocument>> GetNextChangeStreamEventAsync<TDocument>(
+    IAsyncCursor<ChangeStreamDocument<TDocument>> changeStreamCursor)
+{
+    var changeStreamEvent = changeStreamCursor.Current.First();
+
+    // Reassembles change event fragments if the event is split
+    if (changeStreamEvent.SplitEvent != null)
+    {
+        var fragment = changeStreamEvent;
+        while (fragment.SplitEvent.Fragment < fragment.SplitEvent.Of)
+        {
+            if (!await changeStreamCursor.MoveNextAsync())
+            {
+                throw new InvalidOperationException("Incomplete split event fragments.");
+            }
+            fragment = changeStreamCursor.Current.First();
+            MergeFragment(changeStreamEvent, fragment);
+        }
+    }
+    return changeStreamEvent;
+}
+
+// Merges a fragment into the base event
+private static void MergeFragment<TDocument>(
+    ChangeStreamDocument<TDocument> changeStreamEvent,
+    ChangeStreamDocument<TDocument> fragment)
+{
+    foreach (var element in fragment.BackingDocument)
+    {
+        if (element.Name != "_id" && element.Name != "splitEvent")
+        {
+            changeStreamEvent.BackingDocument[element.Name] = element.Value;
+        }
+    }
+}
+// end-split-event-helpers-async
+
+// start-split-change-event-async
+var pipeline = new EmptyPipelineDefinition<ChangeStreamDocument<Restaurant>>()
+    .ChangeStreamSplitLargeEvent();
+
+using (var cursor = await _restaurantsCollection.WatchAsync(pipeline))
+{
+    while (await cursor.MoveNextAsync())
+    {
+        foreach (var changeStreamEvent in cursor.Current)
+        {
+            var completeEvent = await GetNextChangeStreamEventAsync(cursor);
+            Console.WriteLine("Received the following change: " + completeEvent.BackingDocument);
+        }
+    }
+}
+// end-split-change-event-async
+
+// start-split-change-event-sync
+var pipeline = new EmptyPipelineDefinition<ChangeStreamDocument<Restaurant>>()
+    .ChangeStreamSplitLargeEvent();
+
+using (var cursor = _restaurantsCollection.Watch(pipeline))
+{
+    using (var enumerator = cursor.ToEnumerable().GetEnumerator())
+    {
+        while (enumerator.MoveNext())
+        {
+            var completeEvent = GetNextChangeStreamEvent(enumerator);
+            Console.WriteLine("Received the following change: " + completeEvent.BackingDocument);
+        }
+    }
+}
+// end-split-change-event-sync
+
 // start-change-stream-post-image
 var pipeline = new EmptyPipelineDefinition<ChangeStreamDocument<Restaurant>>()
     .Match(change => change.OperationType == ChangeStreamOperationType.Update);