Bump github.com/prometheus/prometheus from 0.55.1 to 0.300.0 in the prometheus group #9200

Job	Run time
e2e-tests (1.23, e2e)	2m 6s
e2e-tests (1.23, e2e-automatic-rbac)	2m 7s
e2e-tests (1.23, e2e-autoscale)	2m 9s
e2e-tests (1.23, e2e-instrumentation)	2m 7s
e2e-tests (1.23, e2e-opampbridge)	2m 5s
e2e-tests (1.23, e2e-pdb)	2m 7s
e2e-tests (1.23, e2e-prometheuscr)	2m 5s
e2e-tests (1.23, e2e-targetallocator)	2m 7s
e2e-tests (1.23, e2e-targetallocator-cr)	2m 6s
e2e-tests (1.23, e2e-upgrade)	2m 4s
e2e-tests (1.23, e2e-multi-instrumentation)	2m 6s
e2e-tests (1.23, e2e-metadata-filters)	2m 7s
e2e-tests (1.23, e2e-ta-collector-mtls)	2m 4s
e2e-tests (1.31, e2e)	2m 6s
e2e-tests (1.31, e2e-automatic-rbac)	2m 6s
e2e-tests (1.31, e2e-autoscale)	2m 7s
e2e-tests (1.31, e2e-instrumentation)	2m 4s
e2e-tests (1.31, e2e-opampbridge)	2m 6s
e2e-tests (1.31, e2e-pdb)	2m 4s
e2e-tests (1.31, e2e-prometheuscr)	2m 4s
e2e-tests (1.31, e2e-targetallocator)	2m 4s
e2e-tests (1.31, e2e-targetallocator-cr)	2m 3s
e2e-tests (1.31, e2e-upgrade)	2m 5s
e2e-tests (1.31, e2e-multi-instrumentation)	2m 6s
e2e-tests (1.31, e2e-metadata-filters)	2m 3s
e2e-tests (1.31, e2e-ta-collector-mtls)	2m 6s
e2e-tests (e2e-native-sidecar, 1.29, add-operator-arg OPERATOR_ARG='--feature-gates=operator.side...	2m 4s
e2e-tests-check	1s
	56m 29s

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