[editorial] Fix invalid external links with fragments

[chalin]

• Contributes to [chore] Ensure that external link fragments are valid opentelemetry.io#6196
• Supports Update semantic conventions to v1.31.0 opentelemetry.io#6122

[chalin]

The link-check errors (see log) are unrelated to the changes made by this PR:

Issues found in 4 inputs. Find details below.

[home/repo/docs/database/elasticsearch.md]:
[TIMEOUT] https://www.elastic.co/ | Timeout

[home/repo/docs/database/database-metrics.md]:
[TIMEOUT] https://www.elastic.co/elasticsearch | Timeout

[home/repo/docs/attributes-registry/db.md]:
[TIMEOUT] https://www.elastic.co/elasticsearch | Timeout

[home/repo/docs/database/database-spans.md]:
[TIMEOUT] https://www.elastic.co/elasticsearch | Timeout

🔍 3734 Total (in 3m 24s) ✅ 3391 OK 🚫 0 Errors 👻 339 Excluded ⏳ 4 Timeouts

Yay for cached external link checking! 😄