Release/1.6.1

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## 1.6.1 /2025-02-03
+* RuntimeCache updates by @thewhaleking in https://github.com/opentensor/async-substrate-interface/pull/260
+* fix memory leak by @thewhaleking in https://github.com/opentensor/async-substrate-interface/pull/261
+* Avoid Race Condition on SQLite Table Creation by @thewhaleking in https://github.com/opentensor/async-substrate-interface/pull/263
+
+**Full Changelog**: https://github.com/opentensor/async-substrate-interface/compare/v1.6.0...v1.6.1
+
 ## 1.6.0 /2025-01-27
 * Fix typo by @thewhaleking in https://github.com/opentensor/async-substrate-interface/pull/258
 * Improve Disk Caching by @thewhaleking in https://github.com/opentensor/async-substrate-interface/pull/227

async_substrate_interface/async_substrate.py

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 import socket
 import ssl
 import warnings
-from contextlib import suppress
 from unittest.mock import AsyncMock
 from hashlib import blake2b
 from typing import (
@@ -40,7 +39,6 @@
 from websockets.asyncio.client import connect, ClientConnection
 from websockets.exceptions import (
     ConnectionClosed,
-    WebSocketException,
 )
 from websockets.protocol import State
 
@@ -708,6 +706,10 @@ async def _cancel(self):
             logger.debug("Cancelling send/recv tasks")
             if self._send_recv_task is not None:
                 self._send_recv_task.cancel()
+                try:
+                    await self._send_recv_task
+                except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                    pass
         except asyncio.CancelledError:
             pass
         except Exception as e:
@@ -777,16 +779,31 @@ async def _handler(self, ws: ClientConnection) -> Union[None, Exception]:
         logger.debug("WS handler attached")
         recv_task = asyncio.create_task(self._start_receiving(ws))
         send_task = asyncio.create_task(self._start_sending(ws))
-        done, pending = await asyncio.wait(
-            [recv_task, send_task],
-            return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED,
-        )
+        try:
+            done, pending = await asyncio.wait(
+                [recv_task, send_task],
+                return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED,
+            )
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:
+            # Handler was cancelled, clean up child tasks
+            for task in [recv_task, send_task]:
+                if not task.done():
+                    task.cancel()
+                    try:
+                        await task
+                    except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                        pass
+            raise
         loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
         should_reconnect = False
         is_retry = False
 
         for task in pending:
             task.cancel()
+            try:
+                await task
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                pass
 
         for task in done:
             task_res = task.result()
@@ -887,6 +904,14 @@ async def _exit_with_timer(self):
 
     async def shutdown(self):
         logger.debug("Shutdown requested")
+        # Cancel the exit timer task if it exists
+        if self._exit_task is not None:
+            self._exit_task.cancel()
+            try:
+                await self._exit_task
+            except asyncio.CancelledError:
+                pass
+            self._exit_task = None
         try:
             await asyncio.wait_for(self._cancel(), timeout=10.0)
         except asyncio.TimeoutError:
@@ -990,8 +1015,9 @@ async def _start_sending(self, ws) -> Exception:
                 )
                 if to_send is not None:
                     to_send_ = json.loads(to_send)
-                    self._received[to_send_["id"]].set_exception(e)
-                    self._received[to_send_["id"]].cancel()
+                    if to_send_["id"] in self._received:
+                        self._received[to_send_["id"]].set_exception(e)
+                        self._received[to_send_["id"]].cancel()
                 else:
                     for i in self._received.keys():
                         self._received[i].set_exception(e)
@@ -1975,7 +2001,6 @@ async def result_handler(
 
                     if subscription_result is not None:
                         reached = True
-                        logger.info("REACHED!")
                         # Handler returned end result: unsubscribe from further updates
                         async with self.ws as ws:
                             await ws.unsubscribe(

async_substrate_interface/sync_substrate.py

@@ -3398,5 +3398,12 @@ def close(self):
             self.ws.close()
         except AttributeError:
             pass
+        # Clear lru_cache on instance methods to allow garbage collection
+        self.get_runtime_for_version.cache_clear()
+        self.get_parent_block_hash.cache_clear()
+        self.get_block_runtime_info.cache_clear()
+        self.get_block_runtime_version_for.cache_clear()
+        self.supports_rpc_method.cache_clear()
+        self.get_block_hash.cache_clear()
 
     encode_scale = SubstrateMixin._encode_scale

async_substrate_interface/types.py

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
+import bisect
 import logging
+import os
 from abc import ABC
 from collections import defaultdict, deque
 from collections.abc import Iterable
 from contextlib import suppress
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Optional, Union, Any
+from typing import Optional, Union, Any, Sequence
 
 import scalecodec.types
 from bt_decode import PortableRegistry, encode as encode_by_type_string
@@ -17,9 +19,11 @@
 
 from .const import SS58_FORMAT
 from .utils import json
-from .utils.cache import AsyncSqliteDB
+from .utils.cache import AsyncSqliteDB, LRUCache
 
 logger = logging.getLogger("async_substrate_interface")
+SUBSTRATE_RUNTIME_CACHE_SIZE = int(os.getenv("SUBSTRATE_RUNTIME_CACHE_SIZE", "16"))
+SUBSTRATE_CACHE_METHOD_SIZE = int(os.getenv("SUBSTRATE_CACHE_METHOD_SIZE", "512"))
 
 
 class RuntimeCache:
@@ -41,11 +45,45 @@ class RuntimeCache:
     versions: dict[int, "Runtime"]
     last_used: Optional["Runtime"]
 
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.blocks = {}
-        self.block_hashes = {}
-        self.versions = {}
-        self.last_used = None
+    def __init__(self, known_versions: Optional[Sequence[tuple[int, int]]] = None):
+        # {block: block_hash, ...}
+        self.blocks: LRUCache = LRUCache(max_size=SUBSTRATE_CACHE_METHOD_SIZE)
+        # {block_hash: specVersion, ...}
+        self.block_hashes: LRUCache = LRUCache(max_size=SUBSTRATE_CACHE_METHOD_SIZE)
+        # {specVersion: Runtime, ...}
+        self.versions: LRUCache = LRUCache(max_size=SUBSTRATE_RUNTIME_CACHE_SIZE)
+        # [(block, specVersion), ...]
+        self.known_versions: list[tuple[int, int]] = []
+        # [block, ...] for binary search (excludes last item)
+        self._known_version_blocks: list[int] = []
+        if known_versions:
+            self.add_known_versions(known_versions)
+        self.last_used: Optional["Runtime"] = None
+
+    def add_known_versions(self, known_versions: Sequence[tuple[int, int]]):
+        """
+        Known versions are a map of {block: specVersion} for when runtimes change.
+
+        E.g.
+        [
+          (561, 102),
+          (1075, 103),
+          ...,
+          (7257645, 367)
+        ]
+
+        This mapping is generally user-created or pulled from an external API, such as
+        https://api.tao.app/docs#/chain/get_runtime_versions_api_beta_chain_runtime_version_get
+
+        By preloading the known versions, there can be significantly fewer chain calls to determine version.
+
+        Note that because the last runtime in the supplied known versions will be ignored, as otherwise we would
+        have to assume that the final known version never changes.
+        """
+        known_versions = list(sorted(known_versions, key=lambda v: v[0]))
+        self.known_versions = known_versions
+        # Cache block numbers (excluding last) for O(log n) binary search lookups
+        self._known_version_blocks = [v[0] for v in known_versions[:-1]]
 
     def add_item(
         self,
@@ -59,11 +97,11 @@ def add_item(
         """
         self.last_used = runtime
         if block is not None and block_hash is not None:
-            self.blocks[block] = block_hash
+            self.blocks.set(block, block_hash)
         if block_hash is not None and runtime_version is not None:
-            self.block_hashes[block_hash] = runtime_version
+            self.block_hashes.set(block_hash, runtime_version)
         if runtime_version is not None:
-            self.versions[runtime_version] = runtime
+            self.versions.set(runtime_version, runtime)
 
     def retrieve(
         self,
@@ -75,26 +113,35 @@ def retrieve(
         Retrieves a Runtime object from the cache, using the key of its block number, block hash, or runtime version.
         Retrieval happens in this order. If no Runtime is found mapped to any of your supplied keys, returns `None`.
         """
+        # No reason to do this lookup if the runtime version is already supplied in this call
+        if block is not None and runtime_version is None and self._known_version_blocks:
+            # _known_version_blocks excludes the last item (see note in `add_known_versions`)
+            idx = bisect.bisect_right(self._known_version_blocks, block) - 1
+            if idx >= 0:
+                runtime_version = self.known_versions[idx][1]
+
         runtime = None
         if block is not None:
             if block_hash is not None:
-                self.blocks[block] = block_hash
+                self.blocks.set(block, block_hash)
                 if runtime_version is not None:
-                    self.block_hashes[block_hash] = runtime_version
-            with suppress(KeyError):
-                runtime = self.versions[self.block_hashes[self.blocks[block]]]
+                    self.block_hashes.set(block_hash, runtime_version)
+            with suppress(AttributeError):
+                runtime = self.versions.get(
+                    self.block_hashes.get(self.blocks.get(block))
+                )
                 self.last_used = runtime
                 return runtime
         if block_hash is not None:
             if runtime_version is not None:
-                self.block_hashes[block_hash] = runtime_version
-            with suppress(KeyError):
-                runtime = self.versions[self.block_hashes[block_hash]]
+                self.block_hashes.set(block_hash, runtime_version)
+            with suppress(AttributeError):
+                runtime = self.versions.get(self.block_hashes.get(block_hash))
                 self.last_used = runtime
                 return runtime
         if runtime_version is not None:
-            with suppress(KeyError):
-                runtime = self.versions[runtime_version]
+            runtime = self.versions.get(runtime_version)
+            if runtime is not None:
                 self.last_used = runtime
                 return runtime
         return runtime
@@ -110,16 +157,21 @@ async def load_from_disk(self, chain_endpoint: str):
             logger.debug("No runtime mappings in disk cache")
         else:
             logger.debug("Found runtime mappings in disk cache")
-        self.blocks = block_mapping
-        self.block_hashes = block_hash_mapping
-        self.versions = {
-            x: Runtime.deserialize(y) for x, y in runtime_version_mapping.items()
-        }
+        self.blocks.cache = block_mapping
+        self.block_hashes.cache = block_hash_mapping
+        for x, y in runtime_version_mapping.items():
+            self.versions.cache[x] = Runtime.deserialize(y)
 
     async def dump_to_disk(self, chain_endpoint: str):
         db = AsyncSqliteDB(chain_endpoint=chain_endpoint)
+        blocks = self.blocks.cache
+        block_hashes = self.block_hashes.cache
+        versions = self.versions.cache
         await db.dump_runtime_cache(
-            chain_endpoint, self.blocks, self.block_hashes, self.versions
+            chain=chain_endpoint,
+            block_mapping=blocks,
+            block_hash_mapping=block_hashes,
+            version_mapping=versions,
         )
 
 

async_substrate_interface/utils/cache.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import asyncio
 import inspect
+import weakref
 from collections import OrderedDict
 import functools
 import logging
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ async def _create_if_not_exists(self, chain: str, table_name: str):
                     );
                 """
             )
+            await self._db.commit()
             await self._db.execute(
                 f"""
                 CREATE TRIGGER IF NOT EXISTS prune_rows_trigger_{table_name} AFTER INSERT ON {table_name}
@@ -81,8 +83,8 @@ async def __call__(self, chain, other_self, func, args, kwargs) -> Optional[Any]
             if not self._db:
                 _ensure_dir()
                 self._db = await aiosqlite.connect(CACHE_LOCATION)
-        table_name = _get_table_name(func)
-        local_chain = await self._create_if_not_exists(chain, table_name)
+            table_name = _get_table_name(func)
+            local_chain = await self._create_if_not_exists(chain, table_name)
         key = pickle.dumps((args, kwargs or None))
         try:
             cursor: aiosqlite.Cursor = await self._db.execute(
@@ -111,9 +113,9 @@ async def load_runtime_cache(self, chain: str) -> tuple[dict, dict, dict]:
             if not self._db:
                 _ensure_dir()
                 self._db = await aiosqlite.connect(CACHE_LOCATION)
-        block_mapping = {}
-        block_hash_mapping = {}
-        version_mapping = {}
+        block_mapping = OrderedDict()
+        block_hash_mapping = OrderedDict()
+        version_mapping = OrderedDict()
         tables = {
             "RuntimeCache_blocks": block_mapping,
             "RuntimeCache_block_hashes": block_hash_mapping,
@@ -419,6 +421,26 @@ async def __call__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
             self._inflight.pop(key, None)
 
 
+class _WeakMethod:
+    """
+    Weak reference to a bound method that allows the instance to be garbage collected.
+    Preserves the method's signature for introspection.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, method):
+        self._func = method.__func__
+        self._instance_ref = weakref.ref(method.__self__)
+        # Store the bound method's signature (without 'self') for inspect.signature() to find.
+        # We capture this once at creation time to avoid holding references to the bound method.
+        self.__signature__ = inspect.signature(method)
+
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        instance = self._instance_ref()
+        if instance is None:
+            raise ReferenceError("Instance has been garbage collected")
+        return self._func(instance, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
 class _CachedFetcherMethod:
     """
     Helper class for using CachedFetcher with method caches (rather than functions)
@@ -428,18 +450,21 @@ def __init__(self, method, max_size: int, cache_key_index: int):
         self.method = method
         self.max_size = max_size
         self.cache_key_index = cache_key_index
-        self._instances = {}
+        # Use WeakKeyDictionary to avoid preventing garbage collection of instances
+        self._instances: weakref.WeakKeyDictionary = weakref.WeakKeyDictionary()
 
     def __get__(self, instance, owner):
         if instance is None:
             return self
 
-        # Cache per-instance
+        # Cache per-instance (weak references allow GC when instance is no longer used)
         if instance not in self._instances:
             bound_method = self.method.__get__(instance, owner)
+            # Use weak reference wrapper to avoid preventing GC of instance
+            weak_method = _WeakMethod(bound_method)
             self._instances[instance] = CachedFetcher(
                 max_size=self.max_size,
-                method=bound_method,
+                method=weak_method,
                 cache_key_index=self.cache_key_index,
             )
         return self._instances[instance]

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [project]
 name = "async-substrate-interface"
-version = "1.6.0"
+version = "1.6.1"
 description = "Asyncio library for interacting with substrate. Mostly API-compatible with py-substrate-interface"
 readme = "README.md"
 license = { file = "LICENSE" }
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ classifiers = [
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
+  "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
+  "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.14",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
 ]