funk-svd is a Python 3 library implementing a fast version of the famous SVD algorithm popularized by Simon Funk (here) during the Neflix Prize contest.
Numba is used to speed up our algorithm, enabling us to run over 10 times faster than Surprise's Cython implementation (cf. benchmark notebook).
| Movielens 20M | RMSE | MAE | Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Surprise | 0.88 | 0.68 | 10 min 40 sec |
| Funk-svd | 0.88 | 0.68 | 42 sec |
Run pip install git+https://github.com/gbolmier/funk-svd in a terminal.
If you want to install funk-svd in a specific conda environment beware of using the corresponding local pip.
>>> import pandas as pd
>>> import numpy as np
>>> from funk_svd.dataset import fetch_ml_ratings
>>> from funk_svd import SVD
>>> from sklearn.metrics import mean_absolute_error
>>> df = fetch_ml_ratings(variant='100k')
>>> train = df.sample(frac=0.8, random_state=7)
>>> val = df.drop(train.index.tolist()).sample(frac=0.5, random_state=8)
>>> test = df.drop(train.index.tolist()).drop(val.index.tolist())
>>> svd = SVD(learning_rate=0.001, regularization=0.005, n_epochs=100,
... n_factors=15, min_rating=1, max_rating=5)
>>> svd.fit(X=train, X_val=val, early_stopping=True, shuffle=False)
Preprocessing data...
Epoch 1/...
>>> pred = svd.predict(test)
>>> mae = mean_absolute_error(test['rating'], pred)
>>> print(f'Test MAE: {mae:.2f}')
Test MAE: 0.75We have a huge sparse matrix:
storing known ratings for a set of users and items:
The idea is to estimate unknown ratings by factorizing the rating matrix into two smaller matrices representing user and item characteristics:
We call these two matrices users and items latent factors. Then, by applying the dot product between both matrices we can reconstruct our rating matrix. The trick is that the empty values will now contain estimated ratings.
In order to get more accurate results, the global average rating as well as the user and item biases are used in addition:
where K stands for known ratings.
Then, we can estimate any rating by applying:
The learning step consists in performing the SGD algorithm where for each known rating the biases and latent factors are updated as follows:
where alpha is the learning rate and lambda is the regularization term.
MIT license, see here.