stm32h7rs run application in external flash memory XIP #88052

FRASTM · 2025-04-02T13:44:43Z

the stm32h7rs nucleo or disco kit boards can run an application in external flash
The internal flash memory is limited to 64KB which is enough for mcuboot but might be too small for some zephyr applications

With this PR it enable the memorymapped mode on the external flash memory so that XIP is possible on the external NOR octoflash

Two samples are running in XIP on the external flash

samples/application_development/code_relocation_nocopy/
samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/ built with mcu boot mcuboot supports the stm32 external flash in XiP mode mcu-tools/mcuboot#2154

This PR completes the #88051
with samples to run application in external NOR memory on stm32h7rs target boards

FRASTM · 2025-04-02T13:47:12Z

Run the samples/application_development/code_relocation_nocopy/

*** Booting Zephyr OS build v4.1.0-1733-g59dd3dd8abac ***                                                                                      
Address of main function 0x8000685                                                                                                             
Address of function_in_ext_flash 0x70000001                                                                                                    
Address of var_ext_sram_data 0x240000e0 (10)                                                                                                   
Address of function_in_sram 0x24000001                                                                                                         
Address of var_sram_data 0x240000e4 (10)                                                                                                       
Hello World! nucleo_h7s3l8

(Be sure to erase internal and external memory partitions and to download the zephyr.hex file)

FRASTM · 2025-04-02T13:51:26Z

With the samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/ the goal is to place the mcuboot in the internalm flash memory and to jump to a zephyr application executed in the external flash
This is possible with the mcuboot as in mcu-tools/mcuboot#2154
--> especially CONFIG_STM32_MEMMAP=y
--> overlay to set the mcu_boot partition in the internal flash (when building the mcu boot)

 	chosen {
		zephyr,flash = &flash0;
		zephyr,code-partition = &boot_partition;
	};

plus the application built/linkedfor external memory

west build -p -b nucleo_h7s3l8 samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/ --sysbuild -- -DSB_CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_MCUBOOT=y

then downloading the build/mcuboot/zephyr/zephyr.bin in the internal memory at 0x08000000
downloading the build/hello_world_xip/zephyr/zephyr.signed.bin in the external flash at 0x70000000

*** Booting MCUboot v2.1.0-rc1-275-g6d34ca2cfe4d ***
*** Using Zephyr OS build v4.1.0-1733-g59dd3dd8abac ***
I: Starting bootloader
I: Primary image: magic=unset, swap_type=0x1, copy_done=0x3, image_ok=0x3
I: Secondary image: magic=unset, swap_type=0x1, copy_done=0x3, image_ok=0x3
I: Boot source: none
I: Image index: 0, Swap type: none
I: Bootloader chainload address offset: 0x0
I: Image version: v0.0.0
I: Jumping to the first image slot
*** Booting Zephyr OS build v4.1.0-1733-g59dd3dd8abac ***
Hello World! from external flash  nucleo_h7s3l8

titouanc · 2025-04-02T15:45:03Z

boards/st/stm32h7s78_dk/stm32h7s78_dk.dts

+
+	status = "okay";
+
+	mx25uw25645: xspi-nor-flash@70000000 {


Minor naming issue, but on the STM32H7S78-DK, it's actually a mx66uw1g45g

You had this in the first place, but then changed it in 94d4c78 ?

boards/st/stm32h7s78_dk/stm32h7s78_dk.dts

dts/arm/st/h7rs/stm32h7rs.dtsi

samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/README.rst

titouanc · 2025-04-05T15:34:05Z

Hello @FRASTM I just tested this PR with the STM32H7S78-DK. First of all, I had to make these changes to have something that builds & flash properly:

diff --git a/samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/boards/stm32h7s78_dk.overlay b/samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/boards/stm32h7s78_dk.overlay
index 700cb5f56d5..5357426313d 100644
--- a/samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/boards/stm32h7s78_dk.overlay
+++ b/samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/boards/stm32h7s78_dk.overlay
@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@
                zephyr,flash = &mx66uw1g45;
                zephyr,code-partition = &slot0_partition;
        };
+
+       aliases {
+               led1 = &green_led;
+               led2 = &orange_led;
+       };
 };
 
 &mx66uw1g45 {

I am building with the following command:

west build -b stm32h7s78_dk zephyr/samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/ --sysbuild -- \
    -DSB_CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_MCUBOOT=y \
    -Dhello_world_xip_CONFIG_FLASH=y -Dhello_world_xip_CONFIG_STM32_MEMMAP=y \
    -Dmcuboot_CONFIG_LOG=y -Dmcuboot_CONFIG_LOG_DEFAULT_LEVEL=3

I am getting this log on the console:

E: Could not select XSPI domain clock
*** Booting MCUboot v2.1.0-269-gc8470fb145f8 ***
*** Using Zephyr OS build v4.1.0-1736-gbcc9c4ce39d8 ***
I: Starting bootloader
E: Failed to open flash area ID 1 (image 0 slot 0): -19, cannot continue

From what I understand, the message E: Could not select XSPI domain clock is coming from the xspi flash driver that attempts to enable the clock source PLL2_S; but PLL2 is disabled in the device tree.

titouanc · 2025-04-05T16:34:38Z

I've added the following pll2 configuration (same as the pll1 above):

diff --git a/boards/st/stm32h7s78_dk/stm32h7s78_dk.dts b/boards/st/stm32h7s78_dk/stm32h7s78_dk.dts
index d42b89d1629..b51d53e2ed2 100644
--- a/boards/st/stm32h7s78_dk/stm32h7s78_dk.dts
+++ b/boards/st/stm32h7s78_dk/stm32h7s78_dk.dts
@@ -88,6 +90,19 @@
        status = "okay";
 };
 
+/* PLL2 for clocking the xspi peripheral */
+&pll2 {
+       clocks = <&clk_hse>;
+       div-m = <12>;
+       mul-n = <250>;
+       div-p = <2>;
+       div-q = <2>;
+       div-r = <2>;
+       div-s = <2>;
+       div-t = <2>;
+       status = "okay";
+};
+
 &rcc {
        clocks = <&pll>;
        clock-frequency = <DT_FREQ_M(250)>;

I don't know if that's a valid configuration at all, but now I am getting this log:

I: XSPI flash config is OCTO / DTR
I: Read SFDP from externalFlash
I: Read SFDP from externalFlash
I: NOR external-flash at 0x70000000 (0x8000000 bytes)
*** Booting MCUboot v2.1.0-269-gc8470fb145f8 ***
*** Using Zephyr OS build v4.1.0-1736-gbcc9c4ce39d8 ***
I: Starting bootloader
E: 2: Failed to send XSPI instruction
I: Primary image: magic=unset, swap_type=0x1, copy_done=0x0, image_ok=0x24
E: 2: Failed to send XSPI instruction
I: Secondary image: magic=bad, swap_type=0xf, copy_done=0x0, image_ok=0x24
I: Boot source: none
E: 2: Failed to send XSPI instruction
W: Failed reading image headers; Image=0
E: 2: Failed to send XSPI instruction
E: Image in the primary slot is not valid!
E: Unable to find bootable image

JarmouniA · 2025-04-08T07:40:37Z

samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/sample.yaml

+    tags: introduction
+    sysbuild: true
+    extra_args:
+      - SB_CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_MCUBOOT=y


This should be put in a sysbuild.conf file.

JarmouniA · 2025-04-08T07:41:07Z

samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/sample.yaml

+      - b_u585i_iot02a
+    platform_allow:
+      - nucleo_h7s3l8
+      - stm32h7s78_dk


please add STM32H750B-DK as well

yes, as soon as this is tested,
--> coming soon

The stm32h750b_dk has quadspi NOR, that will be handled by another PR

JarmouniA · 2025-04-08T07:42:25Z

samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/prj.conf

CONFIG_FLASH & CONFIG_STM32_MEMMAP need to be enabled.

Not here, the xspi flash is configured in MemMapped from the mcuboot point of view
There is no need for configuring the MEMMAP from this hello_world_xip application POV : this application is not supposed to access the xspi for its own purpose, the external flash is "reserved" for executing the application

Maybe, I'm not sure (kernel/app rodata for exp is in external Flash, so isn't MemMapped mode needed to be able to read it?). But in any casewest flash won't be able to put the app image in external Flash if CONFIG_STM32_MEMMAP is not enabled, because of if(CONFIG_STM32_MEMMAP) in board.cmake

That's the case with the samples/application_development/code_relocation_nocopy :
CONFIG_STM32_MEMMAP is set and west flash is downloading from board.cmake instruction at the right memory addresses
For the samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip, Up to now I download with stm32cubeprogrammer GUI
the build/mcuboot/zephyr/zephyr.bin at internal flash address 0x8000000
the build/hello_world_xip/zephyr/zephyr.signed.bin at external flash address 0x70000000 (or 0x90000000)

samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/boards/nucleo_h7s3l8.overlay

samples/boards/st/hello_world_xip/src/main.c

FRASTM · 2025-04-29T15:22:05Z

Based on the #88579

FRASTM · 2025-05-05T09:41:50Z

set the DNM label until the #88051 is merged

This commit is retrieving the config FLASH_BASE_ADDRESS from the XSPI node of the stm32 device dtsi <reg> property of the "st,stm32-xspi" node. For example the CONFIG_FLASH_BASE_ADDRESS is 0x90000000 and application is linked for that address. Size is given by the size property of the "st,stm32-xspi-nor" node. Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

Add the clock domain configuration for the xspi nodes Where the DTS defines main clock and peripheral clock sel plus a XSPIM clock Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

Add the support of the stm32h7rs serie to the drivers/flash/flash_stm32_xspi driver. The stm32h7rs has no delayblock Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

Add the definitions of the PLL2 and PLL3 outputs for the stm32H7RS mcus and the HCLK5 which is clock source for the XSPI instance. Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

Defines the the xspi peripheral of the stm32h7rs serie Requires the corresponding memory area of the MPU. Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

Add the XSPI 2 which is an octoSPI connection to a octo NOR flash MX25UW25645GXDI00 (256 Mbits, 1.8 V, 200 MHz, DTR, rww) on the nucleo_h7s3l8 board. Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

Add the XSPI 2 which is an octoSPI connection to a octo NOR flash mx66uw1g45 on the stm32h7s78_dk disco kit Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

FRASTM · 2025-05-07T10:23:06Z

Adding the configuration to run
west build -p -b nucleo_h7s3l8 samples/sysbuild/with_mcuboot/ --sysbuild
on the target board.
Use the stm32CubeProgrammer to download

build/mcuboot/zephyr/zephyr.bin in internal flash at 0x8000000
build/with_mcuboot/zephyr/zephyr.signed.bin in external flash at 0x70000000

I realized, that west flash is possible if the stm32cubeprogrammer runner selects the external loader with the following condition CONFIG_XIP AND CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_MCUBOOT

*** Booting MCUboot v2.1.0-rc1-277-g5ba3b7962ee8 ***
*** Using Zephyr OS build v4.1.0-3467-g1fee1c88b558 ***
*** Booting Zephyr OS build v4.1.0-3467-g1fee1c88b558 ***
Address of sample 0x70000000
Hello sysbuild with mcuboot! nucleo_h7s3l8

When the samples/application_development/code_relocation_nocopy/ is built, the CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_MCUBOOT is not defined, but CONFIG_STM32_MEMMAP is. Should both be kept ?

if(CONFIG_STM32_MEMMAP OR (CONFIG_XIP AND CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_MCUBOOT))
board_runner_args(stm32cubeprogrammer "--port=swd" "--reset-mode=hw")
board_runner_args(stm32cubeprogrammer "--extload=MX25UW25645G_NUCLEO-H7S3L8.stldr")
else()
...

Add the memory attributes to XiP in MemoryMapped mode on the external octo-flash of the nucleo_h7s3l8 board. Use the STM32Cube programmer to flash with the corresponding external loader for XiP mode. Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

Add the memory attributes to XiP in MemoryMapped mode on the external octo-flash of the stm32h7s78_dk board. Use the STM32Cube programmer to flash with the corresponding external loader for XiP mode. Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

Samples to execute code in external memory in Memory mapped mode on the stm32h7s3l8 nucleo or stm32h7s78 disco kit Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

Run the sample to execute in place on the external flash of the stm32h7s78_dk or nucleo_h7s3l8 boards. with_boot is build and linked for the external flash Download the mcuboot zephyr.bin in internal memory Download the with_mcuboot zephyr.signed.bin in external memory Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

JarmouniA · 2025-05-07T12:46:34Z

When the samples/application_development/code_relocation_nocopy/ is built, the CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_MCUBOOT is not defined, but CONFIG_STM32_MEMMAP is. Should both be kept ?
if(CONFIG_STM32_MEMMAP OR (CONFIG_XIP AND CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_MCUBOOT))
board_runner_args(stm32cubeprogrammer "--port=swd" "--reset-mode=hw")
board_runner_args(stm32cubeprogrammer "--extload=MX25UW25645G_NUCLEO-H7S3L8.stldr")
else()
...

#88790 (comment)

sonarqubecloud · 2025-05-09T00:58:03Z

Quality Gate passed

Issues
2 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
18.7% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud

FRASTM force-pushed the stm32h7rs_xip branch 4 times, most recently from c96a37b to 576fead Compare April 2, 2025 15:25

titouanc mentioned this pull request Apr 2, 2025

board: st: stm32h7s78-dk: add support for on-board flash titouanc/zephyr-1#4

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titouanc reviewed Apr 2, 2025

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FRASTM added platform: STM32 ST Micro STM32 DNM This PR should not be merged (Do Not Merge) labels May 5, 2025

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FRASTM added 6 commits May 5, 2025 16:14

drivers: flash: stm32 xspi driver supports clock domain config

b8c3fc5

Add the clock domain configuration for the xspi nodes Where the DTS defines main clock and peripheral clock sel plus a XSPIM clock Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

drivers: flash: stm32 xspi drivers supporting the stm32h7r/s mcu

2cd7b4e

Add the support of the stm32h7rs serie to the drivers/flash/flash_stm32_xspi driver. The stm32h7rs has no delayblock Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

drivers: clock control: stm32H7RS has a PLL2 & 3 or HCLK5 output

fbf4218

Add the definitions of the PLL2 and PLL3 outputs for the stm32H7RS mcus and the HCLK5 which is clock source for the XSPI instance. Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

dts: arm: stm32h7rs mcu with xspi instance

7aa74d8

Defines the the xspi peripheral of the stm32h7rs serie Requires the corresponding memory area of the MPU. Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

boards: st: stm32h7s3l8 nucleo board supporting xspi instance

6809cf6

Add the XSPI 2 which is an octoSPI connection to a octo NOR flash MX25UW25645GXDI00 (256 Mbits, 1.8 V, 200 MHz, DTR, rww) on the nucleo_h7s3l8 board. Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

boards: arm: stm32h7s78 disco kit supporting xspi instance

72b3a92

Add the XSPI 2 which is an octoSPI connection to a octo NOR flash mx66uw1g45 on the stm32h7s78_dk disco kit Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

FRASTM force-pushed the stm32h7rs_xip branch from 6dfd6d0 to 4c63c3a Compare May 5, 2025 14:20

FRASTM added 3 commits May 7, 2025 14:28

samples: appli dev: code reloc running on stm32h7rs target boards

318e63c

Samples to execute code in external memory in Memory mapped mode on the stm32h7s3l8 nucleo or stm32h7s78 disco kit Signed-off-by: Francois Ramu <[email protected]>

FRASTM force-pushed the stm32h7rs_xip branch from 22d6b19 to 7eff5e6 Compare May 7, 2025 12:31

FRASTM force-pushed the stm32h7rs_xip branch from 7eff5e6 to f8230cc Compare May 7, 2025 12:42

FRASTM mentioned this pull request May 7, 2025

mcuboot supports the stm32 external flash in XiP mode mcu-tools/mcuboot#2154

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erwango added the area: Flash label May 9, 2025

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stm32h7rs run application in external flash memory XIP #88052

stm32h7rs run application in external flash memory XIP #88052

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